articles
... EMT is a complex process that requires the coordination of multiple cellular events, including disruption of epithelial cell–cell junctions, loss of apicobasal polarity, breakdown of cell–BM interaction and changes in cytoskeletal architecture1. Molecular studies have revealed that it is regulated b ...
... EMT is a complex process that requires the coordination of multiple cellular events, including disruption of epithelial cell–cell junctions, loss of apicobasal polarity, breakdown of cell–BM interaction and changes in cytoskeletal architecture1. Molecular studies have revealed that it is regulated b ...
A Notch feeling of somite segmentation and beyond
... As these cells mature anteriorly, the cycles of gene expression are slowed down and finally arrested, and c-hairy1 expression becomes limited to the posterior half of the formed somite (see Fig. 2 for a similar pattern of deltaC). Importantly, the dynamic pattern of c-hairy1 expression is independen ...
... As these cells mature anteriorly, the cycles of gene expression are slowed down and finally arrested, and c-hairy1 expression becomes limited to the posterior half of the formed somite (see Fig. 2 for a similar pattern of deltaC). Importantly, the dynamic pattern of c-hairy1 expression is independen ...
Neuroblast migration along the anteroposterior axis of C. elegans is
... of up to three Wnt genes as bright diffraction-limited fluorescent spots in animals with preserved shape (Fig. 1A). Counting of these spots using a custom program written in MATLAB allowed us to measure transcript levels in any three-dimensional region of the animal (Fig. 1B,C,F). These measurements ...
... of up to three Wnt genes as bright diffraction-limited fluorescent spots in animals with preserved shape (Fig. 1A). Counting of these spots using a custom program written in MATLAB allowed us to measure transcript levels in any three-dimensional region of the animal (Fig. 1B,C,F). These measurements ...
Eucalyptus grandis cellulose synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana MARJA M. O’NEILL
... genes. Although Arabidopsis does not form large quantities of secondary xylem, it has been shown to undergo secondary growth under certain conditions. Availability of the full genome sequence, ease of transformation and access to mutant plant lines, makes Arabidopsis an attractive model plant in whi ...
... genes. Although Arabidopsis does not form large quantities of secondary xylem, it has been shown to undergo secondary growth under certain conditions. Availability of the full genome sequence, ease of transformation and access to mutant plant lines, makes Arabidopsis an attractive model plant in whi ...
atlas of dengue viruses morphology and morphogenesis
... studies of HCV proteins during viral maturation suggest a transit of virus particles through the Golgi system for exocytosis (Rice, 1996); this observation agrees with our model for dengue virus replication (Barth, 1992; Barth, 1999). However, budding of Flaviviridae virus particles into intracellul ...
... studies of HCV proteins during viral maturation suggest a transit of virus particles through the Golgi system for exocytosis (Rice, 1996); this observation agrees with our model for dengue virus replication (Barth, 1992; Barth, 1999). However, budding of Flaviviridae virus particles into intracellul ...
FrontPage 2003
... When you insert a layout cell in a layout table, the size and dimensions of existing layout cells in the the layout table do not change to accommodate it If you want to insert a new layout cell, you must make room for it ...
... When you insert a layout cell in a layout table, the size and dimensions of existing layout cells in the the layout table do not change to accommodate it If you want to insert a new layout cell, you must make room for it ...
Many ways to telomere dysfunction: in vivo studies using
... more recent study has re-addressed this work using both Q-FISH and SKY analysis on a similar PARP1 de®cient mouse strain (PARPD4 described in MeÂnissier de Murcia et al., 1997; Samper et al., 2001a). In contrast to the previous study, Samper et al. (2001a) showed that elimination of PARP1 does not s ...
... more recent study has re-addressed this work using both Q-FISH and SKY analysis on a similar PARP1 de®cient mouse strain (PARPD4 described in MeÂnissier de Murcia et al., 1997; Samper et al., 2001a). In contrast to the previous study, Samper et al. (2001a) showed that elimination of PARP1 does not s ...
Oscillations of the Snail Genes in the Presomitic Mesoderm
... gene her13.2, required for cyclic gene oscillations, is regulated by FGF signaling (Kawamura et al., 2005). Thus, it appears that several levels of crosstalk exist between the NOTCH, the WNT, and the FGF pathways in somitogenesis. The SNAIL superfamily of transcriptional repressors, most notably SNA ...
... gene her13.2, required for cyclic gene oscillations, is regulated by FGF signaling (Kawamura et al., 2005). Thus, it appears that several levels of crosstalk exist between the NOTCH, the WNT, and the FGF pathways in somitogenesis. The SNAIL superfamily of transcriptional repressors, most notably SNA ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... to the cellular and subcellular levels and, from the 1950’s on, to the molecular level, transformed experimental embryology to developmental biology”. The term “decline” of experimental embryology was falsely interpreted by some authors as a decline of the Freiburg school. That this opinion is wrong ...
... to the cellular and subcellular levels and, from the 1950’s on, to the molecular level, transformed experimental embryology to developmental biology”. The term “decline” of experimental embryology was falsely interpreted by some authors as a decline of the Freiburg school. That this opinion is wrong ...
The engrailed Locus of D. melanogaster Provides an Essential
... San Francisco, California 94143 ...
... San Francisco, California 94143 ...
Organelle size control – increasing vacuole
... Seeley et al., 2002). The size of several organelles or protein assemblies has been reported to be actively regulated (Katsura, 1987; Levy and Heald, 2010; Ludington et al., 2012), but it remains poorly understood how size control is achieved at the molecular level. Under constant growth conditions, ...
... Seeley et al., 2002). The size of several organelles or protein assemblies has been reported to be actively regulated (Katsura, 1987; Levy and Heald, 2010; Ludington et al., 2012), but it remains poorly understood how size control is achieved at the molecular level. Under constant growth conditions, ...
Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications
... referred to as PRMTs. All of these enzymes transfer a methyl group from SAM to the ω-guanidino group of arginine within a variety of substrates. With respect to histone arginine methylation, the most relevant enzymes are PRMT1, 4, 5 and 6 (reviewed in [18, 26]). Methyltransferases, for both arginine ...
... referred to as PRMTs. All of these enzymes transfer a methyl group from SAM to the ω-guanidino group of arginine within a variety of substrates. With respect to histone arginine methylation, the most relevant enzymes are PRMT1, 4, 5 and 6 (reviewed in [18, 26]). Methyltransferases, for both arginine ...
Plant autophagy—more than a starvation response
... formation (Table 1). The best studied proteins involved in plant autophagy are those of the ubiquitin-like conjugation systems [19]. The first involves the formation of a covalently linked conjugate of ATG5 and ATG12. The reaction is reminiscent of the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins to tag them ...
... formation (Table 1). The best studied proteins involved in plant autophagy are those of the ubiquitin-like conjugation systems [19]. The first involves the formation of a covalently linked conjugate of ATG5 and ATG12. The reaction is reminiscent of the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins to tag them ...
Cell adhesion and cell mechanics during zebrafish
... to a vast number of cells which subsequently have to share specialized tasks and build complex structures such as eyes, heart or brain (see Fig. 1.1). But how can cells that originate from a single ancestor control all these processes? Surely, an important aspect are differences in gene expression a ...
... to a vast number of cells which subsequently have to share specialized tasks and build complex structures such as eyes, heart or brain (see Fig. 1.1). But how can cells that originate from a single ancestor control all these processes? Surely, an important aspect are differences in gene expression a ...
Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Microtubule
... renewable, but at the same time value added cellulosic materials. The Department of Wood Biotechnology, KTH together with its collaborators, have established EST libraries and performed transcript profiling during wood development in poplar, a tree considered as a model for wood development. The maj ...
... renewable, but at the same time value added cellulosic materials. The Department of Wood Biotechnology, KTH together with its collaborators, have established EST libraries and performed transcript profiling during wood development in poplar, a tree considered as a model for wood development. The maj ...
CASK (LIN2) interacts with Cx43 in wounded skin and their
... indicate that the CASK mainly interacts with the hypophosphorylated form of Cx43. Functional co-regulation of these proteins was found in MDCK cells migrating into a scratch wound, where expression of either protein individually inhibits migration but their coexpression abrogates this inhibitory eff ...
... indicate that the CASK mainly interacts with the hypophosphorylated form of Cx43. Functional co-regulation of these proteins was found in MDCK cells migrating into a scratch wound, where expression of either protein individually inhibits migration but their coexpression abrogates this inhibitory eff ...
SKIP controls lysosome positioning using a composite kinesin
... has diverse roles in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where it contributes to control the spatial and temporal organization of many cellular components by virtue of its ability to interact with different cargoes and drive their translocation towards the (+)-end of MTs (Fu and Holzbaur, 2014; Va ...
... has diverse roles in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where it contributes to control the spatial and temporal organization of many cellular components by virtue of its ability to interact with different cargoes and drive their translocation towards the (+)-end of MTs (Fu and Holzbaur, 2014; Va ...
The preplacodal region - Kings College
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...
3 Adhesion and Adhesives of Fungi and Oomycetes
... spore tip mucilage, are non-adherent, and are inefficient in forming appressoria. While mutants in regulatory genes are extremely informative about pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesion studies as knockouts of genes directly involved in glue production. Howev ...
... spore tip mucilage, are non-adherent, and are inefficient in forming appressoria. While mutants in regulatory genes are extremely informative about pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesion studies as knockouts of genes directly involved in glue production. Howev ...
Full Text
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...
... specification of border derivatives. Msx1 is a direct mediator of BMP signalling and as such functions in promoting epidermal and repressing neural character during early stages of Xenopus development, thereby positioning the border between both tissues (Suzuki, et al., 1997; Feledy, et al., 1999; P ...
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... Differential roles for 3-OSTs in the regulation of cilia length and motility Judith M. Neugebauer*, Adam B. Cadwallader*,‡, Jeffrey D. Amack§, Brent W. Bisgrove and H. Joseph Yost¶ SUMMARY As cells integrate molecular signals from their environment, cell surface receptors require modified proteoglyc ...
... Differential roles for 3-OSTs in the regulation of cilia length and motility Judith M. Neugebauer*, Adam B. Cadwallader*,‡, Jeffrey D. Amack§, Brent W. Bisgrove and H. Joseph Yost¶ SUMMARY As cells integrate molecular signals from their environment, cell surface receptors require modified proteoglyc ...
vascular tissue differentiation and pattern formation in plants
... system for genetic dissection of vascular differentiation and pattern formation. Unlike the zinnia system, which is limited to the study of one cell-type differentiation, Arabidopsis can be used to study not only the differentiation of multiple cell types in the vascular tissues but also vascular di ...
... system for genetic dissection of vascular differentiation and pattern formation. Unlike the zinnia system, which is limited to the study of one cell-type differentiation, Arabidopsis can be used to study not only the differentiation of multiple cell types in the vascular tissues but also vascular di ...
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... Fig. 2. Signaling dynamics and growth. (A-F) Wild type, from a dataset with n=152; (A) Close-up of P-Mad, Hairy and PH3 stainings; dashed line: anterior edge of the furrow (x=0); (B) Quantification of P-Mad profile shapes at different developmental times (in different colors); black line: fit to mea ...
... Fig. 2. Signaling dynamics and growth. (A-F) Wild type, from a dataset with n=152; (A) Close-up of P-Mad, Hairy and PH3 stainings; dashed line: anterior edge of the furrow (x=0); (B) Quantification of P-Mad profile shapes at different developmental times (in different colors); black line: fit to mea ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.