Responses Mediated Downregulation of B Cell
... were 80–85% CD19+ by cytofluorimetric analysis. After the isolation procedure was completed, cells were maintained in PBS for 3 h at 4˚C to minimize potential effects of anti-CD19 Abs on B cell activation. In a preliminary series of experiments, macrophages were removed by adherence, and B cells wer ...
... were 80–85% CD19+ by cytofluorimetric analysis. After the isolation procedure was completed, cells were maintained in PBS for 3 h at 4˚C to minimize potential effects of anti-CD19 Abs on B cell activation. In a preliminary series of experiments, macrophages were removed by adherence, and B cells wer ...
Intracellular and extracellular in vivo recording of
... 1989) to determine the presence of voltage behavior indicative of low threshold Ca 2 + spikes (see also Desch6nes et al. 1894; H u et al. 1989a-c). Such spikes exhibit a triangular depolarization of 1 ~ 2 0 m V in amplitude and roughly 40 ms in duration. They occur with nearly all-ornone behavior an ...
... 1989) to determine the presence of voltage behavior indicative of low threshold Ca 2 + spikes (see also Desch6nes et al. 1894; H u et al. 1989a-c). Such spikes exhibit a triangular depolarization of 1 ~ 2 0 m V in amplitude and roughly 40 ms in duration. They occur with nearly all-ornone behavior an ...
Early Morphogenesis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Pharynx
... cavity, and mouth into close apposition (“Contraction”). Several models can account for these cellular behaviors, and we distinguish between them by physically or genetically ablating cells within the digestive tract. These studies provide the first description of how the pharynx primordium develops ...
... cavity, and mouth into close apposition (“Contraction”). Several models can account for these cellular behaviors, and we distinguish between them by physically or genetically ablating cells within the digestive tract. These studies provide the first description of how the pharynx primordium develops ...
Test Bank - rsffa.org
... ____ 12. Proteins called aquaporins are important to the movement of water through cell membranes. These proteins participate in active transport. _________________________ ____ 13. Moving materials from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration requires active transport. _______ ...
... ____ 12. Proteins called aquaporins are important to the movement of water through cell membranes. These proteins participate in active transport. _________________________ ____ 13. Moving materials from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration requires active transport. _______ ...
Molecular characterization of carnitinedependent transport of
... cells and deletion mutants. As shown in Figure 3, oxidation of [1-14C]oleate was strongly impaired only in the Δcit2– yor100c mutant but was normal in the other mutant strains. The ability to β-oxidize fatty acids could be restored by transformation with either the YOR100C or the CIT2 gene, indicati ...
... cells and deletion mutants. As shown in Figure 3, oxidation of [1-14C]oleate was strongly impaired only in the Δcit2– yor100c mutant but was normal in the other mutant strains. The ability to β-oxidize fatty acids could be restored by transformation with either the YOR100C or the CIT2 gene, indicati ...
The correlation between T regulatory cells and
... CD200 is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with an immunosuppressive effect on T-cellmediated immunity and delivers immunoregulatory signals following engagement of CD200R. It is expressed by thymocytes, activated T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and neurons. Its up regulation ...
... CD200 is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with an immunosuppressive effect on T-cellmediated immunity and delivers immunoregulatory signals following engagement of CD200R. It is expressed by thymocytes, activated T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and neurons. Its up regulation ...
Scrape Procedure
... lay in direct contact with the PV membrane within the new host cell. The earliest developmental stage seen are the meronts which are irregular in outline and bounded by a plasma membrane, and occur randomly in the host cell cytoplasm (Fig 7.2 E-F). The meronts divide by binary fission and the result ...
... lay in direct contact with the PV membrane within the new host cell. The earliest developmental stage seen are the meronts which are irregular in outline and bounded by a plasma membrane, and occur randomly in the host cell cytoplasm (Fig 7.2 E-F). The meronts divide by binary fission and the result ...
Evo-engineering and the Cellular and Molecular Origins of
... development, this has been achieved by retrospective clonal analysis using a LacZ transgene bearing an internal duplication that creates a frameshift (LaacZ) and inactivates the ßgalactosidase enzyme, for genetic lineage tracing. The LaacZ gene is placed under the control of a ubiquitous CNS promote ...
... development, this has been achieved by retrospective clonal analysis using a LacZ transgene bearing an internal duplication that creates a frameshift (LaacZ) and inactivates the ßgalactosidase enzyme, for genetic lineage tracing. The LaacZ gene is placed under the control of a ubiquitous CNS promote ...
Cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria)
... Nervous and Respiratory Systems • Though cnidarians lack a brain or true nerves, they do have specialized nerve cells. These cells interconnect to form a nerve net that transmits impulses in all directions. This simple nervous system can produce some relatively ...
... Nervous and Respiratory Systems • Though cnidarians lack a brain or true nerves, they do have specialized nerve cells. These cells interconnect to form a nerve net that transmits impulses in all directions. This simple nervous system can produce some relatively ...
Cancer stem cells and addicted cancer cells
... mechanisms induce apoptosis as a protection against cancer. In contrast, in cancer cells these alterations are tolerated due to mutations in genes such as P53 [23]. The tumor-suppressor protein p53 causes an arrest of cell cycle progression following DNA damage and other types of cellular stresses [ ...
... mechanisms induce apoptosis as a protection against cancer. In contrast, in cancer cells these alterations are tolerated due to mutations in genes such as P53 [23]. The tumor-suppressor protein p53 causes an arrest of cell cycle progression following DNA damage and other types of cellular stresses [ ...
Induction of Lytic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection in EBV
... be induced by expression of either of the EBV IE proteins, BZLF1 and BRLF1. BZLF1 and BRLF1 are transcriptional activators that activate expression of EBV early genes (12–18). BZLF1 expression is sufficient to trigger induction of lytic infection in both B cells and epithelial cells (12–14, 19 –22), ...
... be induced by expression of either of the EBV IE proteins, BZLF1 and BRLF1. BZLF1 and BRLF1 are transcriptional activators that activate expression of EBV early genes (12–18). BZLF1 expression is sufficient to trigger induction of lytic infection in both B cells and epithelial cells (12–14, 19 –22), ...
during T Lymphocyte Activation Coordinately Regulated by ERK
... The assay for glutaminase activity was adapted from Graham and Aprison (22) and Ardawi and Newsholme (23). Resting or stimulated T cells were lysed by sonication in 150 mM potassium phosphate buffer (an equimolar mixture of K2HPO4 and KH2PO4), 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.6), 1 mM EDTA, and 1% Triton X-100 ...
... The assay for glutaminase activity was adapted from Graham and Aprison (22) and Ardawi and Newsholme (23). Resting or stimulated T cells were lysed by sonication in 150 mM potassium phosphate buffer (an equimolar mixture of K2HPO4 and KH2PO4), 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.6), 1 mM EDTA, and 1% Triton X-100 ...
Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylases Have a Function
... in developing xylem fibers than in vessels (Figure 2F). For a more precise localization of XG, immunogold labeling was applied to ultrathin sections in transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of label distribution in all xylem cells and phloem fibers revealed the expected localization of XG in th ...
... in developing xylem fibers than in vessels (Figure 2F). For a more precise localization of XG, immunogold labeling was applied to ultrathin sections in transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of label distribution in all xylem cells and phloem fibers revealed the expected localization of XG in th ...
Dynamics of small genetic circuits subject to stochastic partitioning
... 0022-5193/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... 0022-5193/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
Expression of the Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits of Protein
... HL-60 cells (1, 2) and is clinically effective as the differentiation therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess ...
... HL-60 cells (1, 2) and is clinically effective as the differentiation therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess ...
Bone marrow side population cells are enriched for progenitors
... with a marker for host tissue, β-galactosidase (β-gal), proved to be a simple yet effective way for distinguishing between donor and recipient contribution for individual myofibers. Analysis of muscles from mice transplanted with bone marrow SP cells revealed a population of donor-derived cells that ...
... with a marker for host tissue, β-galactosidase (β-gal), proved to be a simple yet effective way for distinguishing between donor and recipient contribution for individual myofibers. Analysis of muscles from mice transplanted with bone marrow SP cells revealed a population of donor-derived cells that ...
How to build a grid cell
... cell phenotype is not restricted to a single cell type. Stellate cells have received substantial attention even before the discovery of grid cells because of their distinctive intrinsic excitability and responsiveness in the theta frequency range. The remarkable intrinsic membrane properties of thes ...
... cell phenotype is not restricted to a single cell type. Stellate cells have received substantial attention even before the discovery of grid cells because of their distinctive intrinsic excitability and responsiveness in the theta frequency range. The remarkable intrinsic membrane properties of thes ...
06Gastrulationtxt
... Gastrulation - The point in embryogenesis where the basic organization of the organism is established. ...
... Gastrulation - The point in embryogenesis where the basic organization of the organism is established. ...
4 - Rochester Community Schools
... • What type of connective tissue is damaged when you lacerate your index finger tendon? • Jon wants to become a professional basketball player. Unfortunately he is short for his age and his epiphyseal plates have already fused. Why type of connective tissue forms the epiphyseal plates? Copyright © 2 ...
... • What type of connective tissue is damaged when you lacerate your index finger tendon? • Jon wants to become a professional basketball player. Unfortunately he is short for his age and his epiphyseal plates have already fused. Why type of connective tissue forms the epiphyseal plates? Copyright © 2 ...
ChChd3, an Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Protein, Is
... flux analyzer (Seahorse Biosciences) was used to measure the rates of oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification in 24-well plates (Seahorse Biosciences) as described previously (25) with minor modifications. Briefly, cells were plated in growth medium at 3 ⫻ 104 cells/well 16 h prior to exp ...
... flux analyzer (Seahorse Biosciences) was used to measure the rates of oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification in 24-well plates (Seahorse Biosciences) as described previously (25) with minor modifications. Briefly, cells were plated in growth medium at 3 ⫻ 104 cells/well 16 h prior to exp ...
Two distinct classes of prestalk
... system starting after this stage. The data presented in Fig. 2A,B are from the strain V12M2, the parental strain of HM44, and from strain NC4. We used both strains because the timing of development is somewhat different, with strain V12M2 showing a more rapid progression through the early stages of ...
... system starting after this stage. The data presented in Fig. 2A,B are from the strain V12M2, the parental strain of HM44, and from strain NC4. We used both strains because the timing of development is somewhat different, with strain V12M2 showing a more rapid progression through the early stages of ...
Profiling Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Activity with Corning® Epic
... assay platform for profiling RTK-dependent signaling pathways. The real-time optical response observed upon the binding of ligands to RTK receptors on the cell surface results from a redistribution of proteins within the cells, referred to as dynamic mass redistribution (DMR). Therefore, Corning Epi ...
... assay platform for profiling RTK-dependent signaling pathways. The real-time optical response observed upon the binding of ligands to RTK receptors on the cell surface results from a redistribution of proteins within the cells, referred to as dynamic mass redistribution (DMR). Therefore, Corning Epi ...
Gene Section BTK (Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... that have the defective Btk gene on the active X chromosome. In contrast to XLA, Btk-deficiency in the mouse, termed X-linked immunodeficiency (xid), is asso-ciated with a very mild early B cell developmental block, but with impaired maturation and poor survival of peripheral B cells. XLA is a heter ...
... that have the defective Btk gene on the active X chromosome. In contrast to XLA, Btk-deficiency in the mouse, termed X-linked immunodeficiency (xid), is asso-ciated with a very mild early B cell developmental block, but with impaired maturation and poor survival of peripheral B cells. XLA is a heter ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.