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Lecture2
... chorion also is important for dissolving mineral from the shell and making it available to the chick for forming bones The first 4 days are a time of dramatic change. Mistakes sometimes occur in this process. If it is a serious mistake, the defect is lethal and the embryo dies. In the incubation pro ...
... chorion also is important for dissolving mineral from the shell and making it available to the chick for forming bones The first 4 days are a time of dramatic change. Mistakes sometimes occur in this process. If it is a serious mistake, the defect is lethal and the embryo dies. In the incubation pro ...
Tracheary Element Differentiation
... genes were identified whose expression varied more than eightfold during xylem cell differentiation. Hierarchical clustering of these genes identified a number of groupings that exhibit distinctive expression patterns during xylem development (24). Such distinctive patterns can only be easily detected ...
... genes were identified whose expression varied more than eightfold during xylem cell differentiation. Hierarchical clustering of these genes identified a number of groupings that exhibit distinctive expression patterns during xylem development (24). Such distinctive patterns can only be easily detected ...
Growth factors and tooth development
... it was shown to be the only serum protein that was needed by early cap-staged teeth in organ culture Promotion of tooth morphogenesis and dental cell differentiation was shown to be based on the stimula. tion of cell proliferation The roles of polypeptide growth factors In tooth development were stu ...
... it was shown to be the only serum protein that was needed by early cap-staged teeth in organ culture Promotion of tooth morphogenesis and dental cell differentiation was shown to be based on the stimula. tion of cell proliferation The roles of polypeptide growth factors In tooth development were stu ...
Tumor Viruses - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
... “virus” refers to a diverse array of infectious particles that infect and multiply within a wide variety of cells, ranging from bacteria to the cells of plants and metazoa. Relative to the cells that they infect, individual virus particles, often termed virions, are tiny. Virions are generally simpl ...
... “virus” refers to a diverse array of infectious particles that infect and multiply within a wide variety of cells, ranging from bacteria to the cells of plants and metazoa. Relative to the cells that they infect, individual virus particles, often termed virions, are tiny. Virions are generally simpl ...
implications for key virulence factors in Flavobacterium columnare
... Background: Flavobacterium columnare (Bacteroidetes) is the causative agent of columnaris disease in farmed freshwater fish around the world. The bacterium forms three colony morphotypes (Rhizoid, Rough and Soft), but the differences of the morphotypes are poorly known. We studied the virulence of t ...
... Background: Flavobacterium columnare (Bacteroidetes) is the causative agent of columnaris disease in farmed freshwater fish around the world. The bacterium forms three colony morphotypes (Rhizoid, Rough and Soft), but the differences of the morphotypes are poorly known. We studied the virulence of t ...
Somatic Cytokinesis and Pollen Maturation in Arabidopsis
... were also observed in the representative bright-field images (Figures 2C and 2D). The deposits occurred mostly at the cell periphery; therefore, the intine cell wall composition was analyzed using calcofluor white and aniline blue staining methods. A mixture of aniline blue and calcofluor white dist ...
... were also observed in the representative bright-field images (Figures 2C and 2D). The deposits occurred mostly at the cell periphery; therefore, the intine cell wall composition was analyzed using calcofluor white and aniline blue staining methods. A mixture of aniline blue and calcofluor white dist ...
Morphology and physiology of the marine straminipilan fungi, the
... isolates are presented in Table 3. Cells were generally spherical in shape (Fig. 2E). Cell size ranged from a minimum of 7.8–13.0 µm to a maximum of 19–27 µm for mature cells just before differentiation into zoospores, and 13.8–14.9 µm to 19.4–35.0 µm for sporangia containing mature spores. Spores v ...
... isolates are presented in Table 3. Cells were generally spherical in shape (Fig. 2E). Cell size ranged from a minimum of 7.8–13.0 µm to a maximum of 19–27 µm for mature cells just before differentiation into zoospores, and 13.8–14.9 µm to 19.4–35.0 µm for sporangia containing mature spores. Spores v ...
Bio1A - Lec 6 slides File
... many different proteins (mosaic) in the fluid matrix of the lipid bilayer ~45% protein 45% phospholipid 10% other ...
... many different proteins (mosaic) in the fluid matrix of the lipid bilayer ~45% protein 45% phospholipid 10% other ...
Frost Resistance in Algae Cells
... Frost resistance in plant ce11s has long been the objective of investigations and various theories for the mechanism of resistance have been presented by many botanists (Levitt, 1956). With algae ce11s, however, research on frost resistance has been rather limited up to the present and the mechanism ...
... Frost resistance in plant ce11s has long been the objective of investigations and various theories for the mechanism of resistance have been presented by many botanists (Levitt, 1956). With algae ce11s, however, research on frost resistance has been rather limited up to the present and the mechanism ...
Growth Factors
... exposed to a colonizing virus, immediately became resistant to attack by other viruses. This resistance was induced by a substance secreted by virally infected cells which was named interferon It has been shown that most species actually produce a whole range of interferons. Humans produce at leas ...
... exposed to a colonizing virus, immediately became resistant to attack by other viruses. This resistance was induced by a substance secreted by virally infected cells which was named interferon It has been shown that most species actually produce a whole range of interferons. Humans produce at leas ...
to Light and Abscisic Acid
... to Light and Abscisic Acid’ Soon-Ok Eun and Youngsook Lee* Department of Life Science (S.-O.E., Y.L.), School of Environmental Engineering (Y.L.), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea; and lnstitute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11 529, ...
... to Light and Abscisic Acid’ Soon-Ok Eun and Youngsook Lee* Department of Life Science (S.-O.E., Y.L.), School of Environmental Engineering (Y.L.), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea; and lnstitute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11 529, ...
Head-tail patterning of the vertebrate embryo: one, two or many
... caudal. However, it is important to distinguish between cell fates and embryonic locations. While the future positions of Fig. 1. Rough fate maps of zebrafish (upper row) and chick (lower row) embryos the head and tail are specified very early in development in at early blastula (left), gastrula (mi ...
... caudal. However, it is important to distinguish between cell fates and embryonic locations. While the future positions of Fig. 1. Rough fate maps of zebrafish (upper row) and chick (lower row) embryos the head and tail are specified very early in development in at early blastula (left), gastrula (mi ...
Positioning and differentiation of veins in the Drosophila wing
... *Address for reprints: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3TH, United Kingdom. FAX: 44 1223 333992. ...
... *Address for reprints: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3TH, United Kingdom. FAX: 44 1223 333992. ...
Pancreas dorsal lobe agenesis and abnormal islets
... pBluescript (Stratagene) and determined its sequence. A comparison of the mouse and human sequences revealed that the original PCR primers had two mismatches, one at the third base from the 3′ end of the 5′ primer (C→T), the other at the fourth base from the 5′ end of the 3′-primer (G→A). We obtaine ...
... pBluescript (Stratagene) and determined its sequence. A comparison of the mouse and human sequences revealed that the original PCR primers had two mismatches, one at the third base from the 3′ end of the 5′ primer (C→T), the other at the fourth base from the 5′ end of the 3′-primer (G→A). We obtaine ...
PDGF signalling controls the migration of mesoderm cells during
... roof. Expression of a dominant-negative PDGFR, with a singlepoint mutation that prevents activation of the receptor, results in severe gastrulation defects (Ataliotis et al., 1995). The embryos showed a loss of anterior structures and failure of proper closure of the neural tube resulting in spina b ...
... roof. Expression of a dominant-negative PDGFR, with a singlepoint mutation that prevents activation of the receptor, results in severe gastrulation defects (Ataliotis et al., 1995). The embryos showed a loss of anterior structures and failure of proper closure of the neural tube resulting in spina b ...
Fission yeast Tor2 promotes cell growth and represses cell
... fission yeast cells reproduce asexually by means of the mitotic cell cycle. Upon nutritional starvation, they arrest the cell cycle in G1 and undergo sexual differentiation to give four resistant haploid spores that remain dormant until they encounter favourable growth conditions. Therefore, fission ...
... fission yeast cells reproduce asexually by means of the mitotic cell cycle. Upon nutritional starvation, they arrest the cell cycle in G1 and undergo sexual differentiation to give four resistant haploid spores that remain dormant until they encounter favourable growth conditions. Therefore, fission ...
- de Duve Institute
... The aim of our research is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying a variety of disorders of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, as well as certain cancers. We are especially interested in evaluating the contribution of genetic variation to human disease. The bases of many disorders r ...
... The aim of our research is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying a variety of disorders of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, as well as certain cancers. We are especially interested in evaluating the contribution of genetic variation to human disease. The bases of many disorders r ...
A parafusin-related Toxoplasma protein in Ca -regulated secretory organelles
... (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Boston, MA/USA) using Esprit software (PerkinElmer Life Sciences). Deconvolution imaging was performed using a Provis AX70 microscope (Olympus) with a PlanApo 60 , 1.4 NA objective (Olympus) and High-Q filter sets (Chroma Technology). Images were acquired using a 15-bit ...
... (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Boston, MA/USA) using Esprit software (PerkinElmer Life Sciences). Deconvolution imaging was performed using a Provis AX70 microscope (Olympus) with a PlanApo 60 , 1.4 NA objective (Olympus) and High-Q filter sets (Chroma Technology). Images were acquired using a 15-bit ...
Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice
... centages of desmin-expressing cells were still observed between the populations. Unlike EP cells, most MDSC (60%) do not express the myogenic marker desmin, and a small population (10%) of these cells is Sca-1/CD34; this latter characteristic also is found in primary hematopoietic stem cells (Nak ...
... centages of desmin-expressing cells were still observed between the populations. Unlike EP cells, most MDSC (60%) do not express the myogenic marker desmin, and a small population (10%) of these cells is Sca-1/CD34; this latter characteristic also is found in primary hematopoietic stem cells (Nak ...
rapid communication - AJP
... medium was supplemented with 10 U/ml mouse recombinant ␥-interferon (Life Technologies) to enhance expression of the temperature-sensitive large T antigen. To induce differentiation, podocytes were maintained at 38°C without ␥-interferon for at least 1 wk before further preparation. In addition, imm ...
... medium was supplemented with 10 U/ml mouse recombinant ␥-interferon (Life Technologies) to enhance expression of the temperature-sensitive large T antigen. To induce differentiation, podocytes were maintained at 38°C without ␥-interferon for at least 1 wk before further preparation. In addition, imm ...
Dynamic targeting of the replication machinery to sites of DNA damage
... the repair of genetic lesions (Rouse and Jackson, 2002). Apart from its function in the replication of the genome, the DNA replication machinery plays an essential role in the repair of damaged DNA. The heterotrimeric replication protein A (RPA) complex has been implicated in the damage detection pr ...
... the repair of genetic lesions (Rouse and Jackson, 2002). Apart from its function in the replication of the genome, the DNA replication machinery plays an essential role in the repair of damaged DNA. The heterotrimeric replication protein A (RPA) complex has been implicated in the damage detection pr ...
Actin Filaments of Guard Cells Are Reorganized
... Actin filaments and microtubules in plant cells are often taken in the process of ABA treatment showed large variintimately associated in the cell cortex, and their stability is ations in stomatal size and actin filament patterns. Thus, interdependent. We localized microtubules to investigate we mea ...
... Actin filaments and microtubules in plant cells are often taken in the process of ABA treatment showed large variintimately associated in the cell cortex, and their stability is ations in stomatal size and actin filament patterns. Thus, interdependent. We localized microtubules to investigate we mea ...
Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen and p53 Are
... complex composed of T-ag, p53, and other Mr 35,000 60,000 proteins from suspension cultures of the simian virus 40-transformed mouse cell line mKSA. Partial protease mapping showed each of the associated proteins to be unique. Automated microsequence analysis of the NH2-terminal 30 amino acids of th ...
... complex composed of T-ag, p53, and other Mr 35,000 60,000 proteins from suspension cultures of the simian virus 40-transformed mouse cell line mKSA. Partial protease mapping showed each of the associated proteins to be unique. Automated microsequence analysis of the NH2-terminal 30 amino acids of th ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.