CN I Olfactory CN II Optic CN III Oculomotor
... - Injury to pharyngeal branch →Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) - Lesion of superior laryngeal nerve →Anesthia in upper larynx & paralysis of cricothyroid muscle →Voice is weak & tires easily - Injury to Recurrent Laryngeal →Caused by aortic aneurysm or neck operations →Hoarseness, dysphonia (↓ voi ...
... - Injury to pharyngeal branch →Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) - Lesion of superior laryngeal nerve →Anesthia in upper larynx & paralysis of cricothyroid muscle →Voice is weak & tires easily - Injury to Recurrent Laryngeal →Caused by aortic aneurysm or neck operations →Hoarseness, dysphonia (↓ voi ...
Challenges to our current view on chloroplasts
... stably transformed with DNA, encoding a plastid-targeted green fluorescent protein (GFP), fluorescence was found in the stroma of the plastids. Surprisingly, in addition, long, thin GFP-labeled tubules emanating from chloroplasts became visible. These structures did not contain chlorophyll and were ...
... stably transformed with DNA, encoding a plastid-targeted green fluorescent protein (GFP), fluorescence was found in the stroma of the plastids. Surprisingly, in addition, long, thin GFP-labeled tubules emanating from chloroplasts became visible. These structures did not contain chlorophyll and were ...
Cellular Membranes
... separates the intracellular fluid (ICF or cytosol) from the extracellular fluid (ECF) of a cell • Provides a means to communicate with other cells • Provides a gateway for exchange between the ECF and ICF – the arrangement of phospholipids in a bilayer makes most of the thickness of the membrane NON ...
... separates the intracellular fluid (ICF or cytosol) from the extracellular fluid (ECF) of a cell • Provides a means to communicate with other cells • Provides a gateway for exchange between the ECF and ICF – the arrangement of phospholipids in a bilayer makes most of the thickness of the membrane NON ...
Lecture 6 Thurs 4-13-06
... Another protein (guanine-nuc. exchange factor) catalyzes exchange of GDP bound to cytosolic Rab for GTP, which allows Rab to bind to the transport vesicle. ...
... Another protein (guanine-nuc. exchange factor) catalyzes exchange of GDP bound to cytosolic Rab for GTP, which allows Rab to bind to the transport vesicle. ...
The Plant Extracellular Matrix: News from the Cell`s
... 1996), are also being sought. Candace Haiger (Texas Tech University) and Delmer's group showed recently that sucrose synthase (SuSy) is associated with the plasma membrane and may supply UDP-Glc directly to cellulose synthase (Amor et al., 1995). They have been examining immunolabeling patterns of m ...
... 1996), are also being sought. Candace Haiger (Texas Tech University) and Delmer's group showed recently that sucrose synthase (SuSy) is associated with the plasma membrane and may supply UDP-Glc directly to cellulose synthase (Amor et al., 1995). They have been examining immunolabeling patterns of m ...
Taxonomy, biology and physiology of fungi
... Hyphae are designed to increase the surface area of fungi and thus facilitate absorption May grow fast, up to 1 km per day, as they spread throughout a food source May be coenocytic, having no septa between cells, or septa may be present with pores through which cytoplasm can flow moving nutrients t ...
... Hyphae are designed to increase the surface area of fungi and thus facilitate absorption May grow fast, up to 1 km per day, as they spread throughout a food source May be coenocytic, having no septa between cells, or septa may be present with pores through which cytoplasm can flow moving nutrients t ...
Sample Chapter
... that includes many known cell structures (fig. 3.3). A cell consists of three major parts—the nucleus (nu′kle-us), the cytoplasm (si′to-plazm), and the cell membrane. The nucleus is innermost and is enclosed by Chapter Three ...
... that includes many known cell structures (fig. 3.3). A cell consists of three major parts—the nucleus (nu′kle-us), the cytoplasm (si′to-plazm), and the cell membrane. The nucleus is innermost and is enclosed by Chapter Three ...
A. Penicillins
... the number of resistant strains, especially in S. aureus. The main mechanism of resistance is the production and secretion of β-lactamase enzyme. β-lactamase is a mutated version of transpeptidase which is closely related in structure, especially in the active site. This means that β-lactamase w ...
... the number of resistant strains, especially in S. aureus. The main mechanism of resistance is the production and secretion of β-lactamase enzyme. β-lactamase is a mutated version of transpeptidase which is closely related in structure, especially in the active site. This means that β-lactamase w ...
Global absolute quantification reveals tight regulation of protein
... The first single-cell proteomics studies were performed using fluorescent reporter proteins. These studies all reported noise in the expression of the reporters (6–8). In a more recent pioneering study, a library of yeast strains containing over 2500 endogenously green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagg ...
... The first single-cell proteomics studies were performed using fluorescent reporter proteins. These studies all reported noise in the expression of the reporters (6–8). In a more recent pioneering study, a library of yeast strains containing over 2500 endogenously green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagg ...
final round
... What occurs if a bacterial cell is placed in a 15% NaCl solution with penicillin? a. Water will enter the cell b. Penicillin will diffuse into the cell c. The cell will undergo osmotic lysis d. The cell will plasmolyze (correct answer) BACK TO GAME ...
... What occurs if a bacterial cell is placed in a 15% NaCl solution with penicillin? a. Water will enter the cell b. Penicillin will diffuse into the cell c. The cell will undergo osmotic lysis d. The cell will plasmolyze (correct answer) BACK TO GAME ...
hos1 - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... in Caenorhabditis elegans are required for the correct assembly of the nuclear pores, a functional nuclear envelope, and the formation of subdomains within the nuclear envelope after mitosis (Galy et al., 2006; Rasala et al., 2006; Clever et al., 2012). Analysis of the Elys protein has demonstrate ...
... in Caenorhabditis elegans are required for the correct assembly of the nuclear pores, a functional nuclear envelope, and the formation of subdomains within the nuclear envelope after mitosis (Galy et al., 2006; Rasala et al., 2006; Clever et al., 2012). Analysis of the Elys protein has demonstrate ...
Perspectives in the Coordinate Regulation of Cell Cycle Events in
... The r-proteins (e.g., S2, S21 etc) that bind early onto 16S rRNA are found in greater concentrations in the cell, and the order of r-protein binding to rRNA is similar to the in vitro reconstitution of 30S ribosome subunits (Nomura and Held, 1974). The binding of r-proteins onto the nascent rRNA det ...
... The r-proteins (e.g., S2, S21 etc) that bind early onto 16S rRNA are found in greater concentrations in the cell, and the order of r-protein binding to rRNA is similar to the in vitro reconstitution of 30S ribosome subunits (Nomura and Held, 1974). The binding of r-proteins onto the nascent rRNA det ...
Roles of ARFRP1 (ADP-ribosylation factor
... at 40°C overnight, then at 32°C for 1 hour. Cell surface proteins were biotinylated using modified protocols of Ying et al. (Ying et al., 2003) and Daniels and Amara (Daniels and Amara, 1998). Briefly, cells were washed three times with ice-cold PBS(+) (containing 0.1 mM CaCl2 and 0.1 mM MgCl2, pH 7 ...
... at 40°C overnight, then at 32°C for 1 hour. Cell surface proteins were biotinylated using modified protocols of Ying et al. (Ying et al., 2003) and Daniels and Amara (Daniels and Amara, 1998). Briefly, cells were washed three times with ice-cold PBS(+) (containing 0.1 mM CaCl2 and 0.1 mM MgCl2, pH 7 ...
Cell-A-Brate - 6.LS.1 - Columbus City Schools
... CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.2 Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6- ...
... CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.2 Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6- ...
Irregular organization in the human chromosomes - SPring-8
... In molecular biology textbooks, we often find a typical figure (Fig. 1(a)). To begin with, DNA is wrapped around histones and forms a "nucleosome" (10-nm fiber) structure. This nucleosome has been assumed to be folded into the regular "30-nm chromatin fiber." In one of the famous models, the "hierar ...
... In molecular biology textbooks, we often find a typical figure (Fig. 1(a)). To begin with, DNA is wrapped around histones and forms a "nucleosome" (10-nm fiber) structure. This nucleosome has been assumed to be folded into the regular "30-nm chromatin fiber." In one of the famous models, the "hierar ...
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor KRP6 Induces Mitosis and
... categorized into different classes according to their sequence similarity (Vandepoele et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2004; Menges et al., 2005). Plants possess six types of CDKs. The A-type CDKs are the most closely related to the mammalian CDK1 and CDK2 because they contain the characteristic PSTAIRE a ...
... categorized into different classes according to their sequence similarity (Vandepoele et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2004; Menges et al., 2005). Plants possess six types of CDKs. The A-type CDKs are the most closely related to the mammalian CDK1 and CDK2 because they contain the characteristic PSTAIRE a ...
Neuroanatomy Laboratory
... ipsilateral inferior cerebellar peduncle. This projection is relatively diffuse and reaches the entire cerebellum. The LRN receives its input from spinal neurons as well as descending input from the cortex and red nucleus. Neurons of the inferior olivary nuclei project to all parts of the contralate ...
... ipsilateral inferior cerebellar peduncle. This projection is relatively diffuse and reaches the entire cerebellum. The LRN receives its input from spinal neurons as well as descending input from the cortex and red nucleus. Neurons of the inferior olivary nuclei project to all parts of the contralate ...
Is the Cytoskeleton Necessary for Viral Replication?
... microtubule has β-tubulin exposed while the (-) end has α-tubulin exposed. The (-) end is almost always capped, so growth normally occurs from the (+) end. The microtubule (+) end usually points towards the plasma membrane where it can interact with the actin cortex (Radtke et al., 2006). The microt ...
... microtubule has β-tubulin exposed while the (-) end has α-tubulin exposed. The (-) end is almost always capped, so growth normally occurs from the (+) end. The microtubule (+) end usually points towards the plasma membrane where it can interact with the actin cortex (Radtke et al., 2006). The microt ...
the unfolded protein response in yeast and mammals Chris
... When unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a signal is sent across the ER membrane into the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. There, effector proteins respond by upregulating the transcription of a characteristic set of target genes and slowing general translation, and ...
... When unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a signal is sent across the ER membrane into the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. There, effector proteins respond by upregulating the transcription of a characteristic set of target genes and slowing general translation, and ...
![Virtual Lac Operon Activity[1].](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/010559846_1-7885f04a16c1dd22b8c6591726a1d937-300x300.png)
Virtual Lac Operon Activity[1].
... the first molecule is not present. Multiple transcription factors and complex interactions between the factors allow genes to respond to a range of different conditions. Here is a hypothetical example. If a particular enzyme is needed to break down a the end product of a metabolic pathway but only i ...
... the first molecule is not present. Multiple transcription factors and complex interactions between the factors allow genes to respond to a range of different conditions. Here is a hypothetical example. If a particular enzyme is needed to break down a the end product of a metabolic pathway but only i ...
F factor conjugation is a true type IV secretion system
... of the T4SS and the auxiliary gene products, except for the C-terminal domain of TraG, TraN and TraU. F-pilin subunits are stored as a pool in the inner membrane prior to assembly on the cell surface [43]. Pili are assembled by addition of pilin subunits to the base of the pilus, as demonstrated by ...
... of the T4SS and the auxiliary gene products, except for the C-terminal domain of TraG, TraN and TraU. F-pilin subunits are stored as a pool in the inner membrane prior to assembly on the cell surface [43]. Pili are assembled by addition of pilin subunits to the base of the pilus, as demonstrated by ...
Coupling transcription, splicing and mRNA export
... mRNAs are assembled into a distinct ‘spliced mRNP’ complex that targets the mRNA for export (for a review, see [3]). This targeting involves the splicing-dependent recruitment of the mRNA export factor Aly via its direct interactions with the spliceosomal protein UAP56. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ...
... mRNAs are assembled into a distinct ‘spliced mRNP’ complex that targets the mRNA for export (for a review, see [3]). This targeting involves the splicing-dependent recruitment of the mRNA export factor Aly via its direct interactions with the spliceosomal protein UAP56. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ...
Chapter 5, Membranes
... Cellular Membranes • In addition to the plasma membrane, which separates the cell’s interior from the external environment, the ER, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and transport vesicles are all surrounded by membrane • The membrane isolates various “compartments” withi ...
... Cellular Membranes • In addition to the plasma membrane, which separates the cell’s interior from the external environment, the ER, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and transport vesicles are all surrounded by membrane • The membrane isolates various “compartments” withi ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.