Coupling transcription, splicing and mRNA export
... mRNAs are assembled into a distinct ‘spliced mRNP’ complex that targets the mRNA for export (for a review, see [3]). This targeting involves the splicing-dependent recruitment of the mRNA export factor Aly via its direct interactions with the spliceosomal protein UAP56. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ...
... mRNAs are assembled into a distinct ‘spliced mRNP’ complex that targets the mRNA for export (for a review, see [3]). This targeting involves the splicing-dependent recruitment of the mRNA export factor Aly via its direct interactions with the spliceosomal protein UAP56. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ...
RNA SHAPE analysis in living cells
... after 30 min11. The hydrolysis rates of NAI (t1/2 hydrolysis, 33 min) on structured RNA molecules, yielding accurate structural informaand FAI (t1/2 hydrolysis, 73 min) are considerably greater than that tion comparable to that obtained with existing probes. Treatment of cells with NAI or FAI at con ...
... after 30 min11. The hydrolysis rates of NAI (t1/2 hydrolysis, 33 min) on structured RNA molecules, yielding accurate structural informaand FAI (t1/2 hydrolysis, 73 min) are considerably greater than that tion comparable to that obtained with existing probes. Treatment of cells with NAI or FAI at con ...
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor KRP6 Induces Mitosis and
... categorized into different classes according to their sequence similarity (Vandepoele et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2004; Menges et al., 2005). Plants possess six types of CDKs. The A-type CDKs are the most closely related to the mammalian CDK1 and CDK2 because they contain the characteristic PSTAIRE a ...
... categorized into different classes according to their sequence similarity (Vandepoele et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2004; Menges et al., 2005). Plants possess six types of CDKs. The A-type CDKs are the most closely related to the mammalian CDK1 and CDK2 because they contain the characteristic PSTAIRE a ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Transforming Growth Factor
... a variety of biological processes, and loss of TGF-b responsiveness as an important correlate of certain diseases, a tremendous effort has been undertaken in the last decade to elucidate the mechanisms by which TGF-b propagates its signal. An important step in understanding TGF-b signaling came with ...
... a variety of biological processes, and loss of TGF-b responsiveness as an important correlate of certain diseases, a tremendous effort has been undertaken in the last decade to elucidate the mechanisms by which TGF-b propagates its signal. An important step in understanding TGF-b signaling came with ...
Chapt. 10: Protein Sorting, Transport: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi
... Posttranslation translocation (more common in yeast): • Proteins synthesized on free ribosomes • Signal sequences recognized by receptors on translocon (not need SRP) • Hsp70 chaperones keep polypeptide chains unfolded so can enter translocon • Hsp70 chaperone in ER (BiP) acts as ratchet to pull pol ...
... Posttranslation translocation (more common in yeast): • Proteins synthesized on free ribosomes • Signal sequences recognized by receptors on translocon (not need SRP) • Hsp70 chaperones keep polypeptide chains unfolded so can enter translocon • Hsp70 chaperone in ER (BiP) acts as ratchet to pull pol ...
ppt
... Proteins that span the membrane multiple times are inserted by alternating series of internal signal sequences, transmembrane stop-transfer sequences. ...
... Proteins that span the membrane multiple times are inserted by alternating series of internal signal sequences, transmembrane stop-transfer sequences. ...
S-layer Structure in Bacteria and Archaea
... 2.2 SLP Composition and Post-Translational Modifications SLPs are distributed over a wide range of phylogenetic branches (Messner and Sleytr 1992; Sleytr et al. 1999) and generally show little (< 20 % identity) to no sequence similarity, even within a single species or closely related taxons. The ...
... 2.2 SLP Composition and Post-Translational Modifications SLPs are distributed over a wide range of phylogenetic branches (Messner and Sleytr 1992; Sleytr et al. 1999) and generally show little (< 20 % identity) to no sequence similarity, even within a single species or closely related taxons. The ...
RNA interference in the nucleus: roles for small RNAs in
... RNAi has been used to describe siRNA pathways; however, the mechanistic details of diverse small RNA pathways are converging, so in this Review we use RNAi as an umbrella term to describe silencing that is dependent on small RNA. In plants and fungi, RNAi pathways in the nucleus can repress target g ...
... RNAi has been used to describe siRNA pathways; however, the mechanistic details of diverse small RNA pathways are converging, so in this Review we use RNAi as an umbrella term to describe silencing that is dependent on small RNA. In plants and fungi, RNAi pathways in the nucleus can repress target g ...
autophagy - Botanik in Bonn
... proteins and organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the nucleus and ribosomes [2,3] ...
... proteins and organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the nucleus and ribosomes [2,3] ...
1Memstruc
... 15. Which of the following membrane protein structures… 1) single pass alpha helix 2) 5x multipass alpha helix …is most-likely to be found in a(n): A. aqueous ion-channel B) anchor protein Explain your answers. ...
... 15. Which of the following membrane protein structures… 1) single pass alpha helix 2) 5x multipass alpha helix …is most-likely to be found in a(n): A. aqueous ion-channel B) anchor protein Explain your answers. ...
effeot of moisture stress on submicrosoopic struoture of maize roots
... grouped along the cell walls. Such lipid droplets occur also, but less frequently, in the cortical cells. More and larger vacuoles were found in the dehydrated roots than in the controls. Often these vacuoles contain "membrane knots" similar to myelin bodies (Fig. 6). The submicroscopic structure of ...
... grouped along the cell walls. Such lipid droplets occur also, but less frequently, in the cortical cells. More and larger vacuoles were found in the dehydrated roots than in the controls. Often these vacuoles contain "membrane knots" similar to myelin bodies (Fig. 6). The submicroscopic structure of ...
The Ultrastructure of Megakaryocytes and Blood
... Zonation. The marginal zone varied in coalesce to form a long, paired membranwidth and usually lacked organelles and ous profile (figs. 3 and 5 ) , which is the demarcation membranes. The cytoplasm demarcation membrane (Yamada, '57). A contained a few ribosomes and vesicles and pair of membranes the ...
... Zonation. The marginal zone varied in coalesce to form a long, paired membranwidth and usually lacked organelles and ous profile (figs. 3 and 5 ) , which is the demarcation membranes. The cytoplasm demarcation membrane (Yamada, '57). A contained a few ribosomes and vesicles and pair of membranes the ...
the Adult Drosophila Fat Body
... 1982; Brennan et al., 1982), where the proteins probably enter the interfollicular spaces before endocytosis into the oocyte. The proteins not only provide a nutritional supply, but also bind conjugated hormones needed for embryonic development (Bownes et al., 1988). The genes (ypl, yp2, and yp3), e ...
... 1982; Brennan et al., 1982), where the proteins probably enter the interfollicular spaces before endocytosis into the oocyte. The proteins not only provide a nutritional supply, but also bind conjugated hormones needed for embryonic development (Bownes et al., 1988). The genes (ypl, yp2, and yp3), e ...
The RNA-binding protein repertoire of embryonic
... smallest P values are shown. The mESC mRNA interactome is compared with whole mouse proteome. P values were calculated by Fisher’s exact test and corrected for multiple testing by Benjamini-Hochberg method. The color and the size of circles correspond to adjusted P values. Lines indicate hierarchica ...
... smallest P values are shown. The mESC mRNA interactome is compared with whole mouse proteome. P values were calculated by Fisher’s exact test and corrected for multiple testing by Benjamini-Hochberg method. The color and the size of circles correspond to adjusted P values. Lines indicate hierarchica ...
Document
... In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism Cell division enables multicellular eukaryotes to develop from a single cell and, once fully grown, to renew, repair, or replace cells as needed Cell division is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cel ...
... In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism Cell division enables multicellular eukaryotes to develop from a single cell and, once fully grown, to renew, repair, or replace cells as needed Cell division is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cel ...
Astrobiology
... what is it? – A differential selection process. What is this known as? • Natural Selection – more replicators are made each generation than can survive. The best adapted, to their environment, replicators are typically those that survive. ...
... what is it? – A differential selection process. What is this known as? • Natural Selection – more replicators are made each generation than can survive. The best adapted, to their environment, replicators are typically those that survive. ...
Bio 226: Cell and Molecular Biology
... Size & shape depends on cell # & cell size Decide which way to divide & which way to elongate • Periclinal = perpendicular to surface: get longer • Anticlinal = parallel to surface: add more layers Now must decide which way to elongate: which walls to stretch ...
... Size & shape depends on cell # & cell size Decide which way to divide & which way to elongate • Periclinal = perpendicular to surface: get longer • Anticlinal = parallel to surface: add more layers Now must decide which way to elongate: which walls to stretch ...
Rac1 accumulates in the nucleus during the G2 phase of the cell
... the Rho family of small GTPases. Like all GTPases, Rac1 functions as a molecular switch regulated by GTP/GDP exchange. Rac1 regulates a wide variety of cellular functions including actin remodeling for cell ruffling, adherens junction formation, cell motility, and polarity. Other functions of Rac1 i ...
... the Rho family of small GTPases. Like all GTPases, Rac1 functions as a molecular switch regulated by GTP/GDP exchange. Rac1 regulates a wide variety of cellular functions including actin remodeling for cell ruffling, adherens junction formation, cell motility, and polarity. Other functions of Rac1 i ...
Condensin II Promotes the Formation of Chromosome Territories by
... and to disperse heterologous centromeres We next sought to determine if nurse cell CTs were consistent with the Rabl configuration in which the centromeric regions of all chromosomes cluster together near the nuclear periphery and the telomeres cluster near the opposite pole. We performed FISH using ...
... and to disperse heterologous centromeres We next sought to determine if nurse cell CTs were consistent with the Rabl configuration in which the centromeric regions of all chromosomes cluster together near the nuclear periphery and the telomeres cluster near the opposite pole. We performed FISH using ...
Paul M. Nurse - Nobel Lecture
... they occur in the correct sequence once each cell cycle, are corrected for errors in their execution, and are co-ordinated with cellular growth. My laboratory has worked on how these cell cycle controls operate in the single celled eukaryote fission yeast or Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and has also ...
... they occur in the correct sequence once each cell cycle, are corrected for errors in their execution, and are co-ordinated with cellular growth. My laboratory has worked on how these cell cycle controls operate in the single celled eukaryote fission yeast or Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and has also ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... it has been proposed that dinoflagellates independently acquired a plastid by virtue of the ability of some species to feed by mizocytosis, a feeding strategy by which a predator pierces the membrane of its prey and sucks up its content without mediating typical phagocytosis [32]. Although this may ...
... it has been proposed that dinoflagellates independently acquired a plastid by virtue of the ability of some species to feed by mizocytosis, a feeding strategy by which a predator pierces the membrane of its prey and sucks up its content without mediating typical phagocytosis [32]. Although this may ...
Biology Unit Title: Basic Biological Principles Timeline (approximate
... allele, cell cycle, chromosomal mutation, chromosomes, cytokenesis, DNA Describe the events that occur replication, gene during meiotic and mitotic division recombination, interphase, meiosis, Compare the processes and simulation lab to compare mitosis mitosis, mutation, outcomes of mitotic and meio ...
... allele, cell cycle, chromosomal mutation, chromosomes, cytokenesis, DNA Describe the events that occur replication, gene during meiotic and mitotic division recombination, interphase, meiosis, Compare the processes and simulation lab to compare mitosis mitosis, mutation, outcomes of mitotic and meio ...
RADIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS IN STUDIES ON THE
... hours the nucleus had accumulated an amount equal to that initially present, i.e., an amount sufficient to form another nucleus. This was in approximate agreement with data on rate of growth of the tumor from which it was estimated that its weight was doubled in 24 hours (21). Brues et al. (25) foun ...
... hours the nucleus had accumulated an amount equal to that initially present, i.e., an amount sufficient to form another nucleus. This was in approximate agreement with data on rate of growth of the tumor from which it was estimated that its weight was doubled in 24 hours (21). Brues et al. (25) foun ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.