View Full Page PDF
... 393). Because all three channels can be activated by hyposmotic stress, this indicates that they are probably activated sequentially to provide a gradual efflux conduit (147, 168). Studies of the E. coli MscS channel structure demonstrated that it folds as heptamer with three transmembrane helices ( ...
... 393). Because all three channels can be activated by hyposmotic stress, this indicates that they are probably activated sequentially to provide a gradual efflux conduit (147, 168). Studies of the E. coli MscS channel structure demonstrated that it folds as heptamer with three transmembrane helices ( ...
The beneficial role of proteolysis in skeletal muscle growth and
... cleavage [10, 11]. In addition, recent evidence has suggested that the immunoproteasome—so called due to the interferon-γ-induced expression of three alternative proteasome β subunits—also plays a role in myogenesis, with its suppression leading to decreased myoblast differentiation [16]. The necess ...
... cleavage [10, 11]. In addition, recent evidence has suggested that the immunoproteasome—so called due to the interferon-γ-induced expression of three alternative proteasome β subunits—also plays a role in myogenesis, with its suppression leading to decreased myoblast differentiation [16]. The necess ...
Chloroplast DNA replication is regulated by the redox state
... whether the replication is coupled with the timing of chloroplast division, even though certain studies have addressed this issue, as described below. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis possess a single circular chromosome. In these bacteria, the process of DNA replication is t ...
... whether the replication is coupled with the timing of chloroplast division, even though certain studies have addressed this issue, as described below. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis possess a single circular chromosome. In these bacteria, the process of DNA replication is t ...
PDF
... seen with two distinct morpholinos and the ability to rescue the phenotype indicate that these effects are specific for 3-OST-5, revealing its function in zebrafish LR development. As an important control for functional specificity within the 3-OST family, we knocked down three other family members ...
... seen with two distinct morpholinos and the ability to rescue the phenotype indicate that these effects are specific for 3-OST-5, revealing its function in zebrafish LR development. As an important control for functional specificity within the 3-OST family, we knocked down three other family members ...
Molecular assembly of the period-cryptochrome circadian
... DOI: 10.7554/eLife.03674.006 density at the center, hinting at the coordination of a Zn2+ ion at the end of the PER2–CRY2 interface (Figure 3A, Figure 3—figure supplement 1A). Indeed, we were able to validate the identity of the Zn2+ ion by both anomalous dispersion measurements and inductively coup ...
... DOI: 10.7554/eLife.03674.006 density at the center, hinting at the coordination of a Zn2+ ion at the end of the PER2–CRY2 interface (Figure 3A, Figure 3—figure supplement 1A). Indeed, we were able to validate the identity of the Zn2+ ion by both anomalous dispersion measurements and inductively coup ...
Guanylate cyclase in Dictyostelium discoideum with the topology of
... myosin heavy-chain-specific protein kinase C, which in turn phosphorylate the different myosins, resulting in rearrangements of myosin filaments necessary for movement [14–19]. In order to study the cGMP-dependent pathways in Dictyostelium chemotaxis, we have begun to isolate the genes encoding enzy ...
... myosin heavy-chain-specific protein kinase C, which in turn phosphorylate the different myosins, resulting in rearrangements of myosin filaments necessary for movement [14–19]. In order to study the cGMP-dependent pathways in Dictyostelium chemotaxis, we have begun to isolate the genes encoding enzy ...
PDF
... formation in the mesenchyme. These include a rapid increase in cell proliferation between 12 and 24 h of culture and a shift in the extracellular matrix composition from a mesenchymal to an epithelial type. Based on these observations we have suggested that the responsiveness to transferrin is acqui ...
... formation in the mesenchyme. These include a rapid increase in cell proliferation between 12 and 24 h of culture and a shift in the extracellular matrix composition from a mesenchymal to an epithelial type. Based on these observations we have suggested that the responsiveness to transferrin is acqui ...
The Physiological Significance of Mitochondrial Proton Leak in
... compared to those taken from euthyroid controls (Harper & Brand, 1993). Hepatocytes taken from hyperthyroid rats have a 2-fold greater respiration rate compared to euthyroid controls (Harper & Brand, 1993). The proton permeability of mitochondria isolated from liver is 7-fold greater in hyperthyroid ...
... compared to those taken from euthyroid controls (Harper & Brand, 1993). Hepatocytes taken from hyperthyroid rats have a 2-fold greater respiration rate compared to euthyroid controls (Harper & Brand, 1993). The proton permeability of mitochondria isolated from liver is 7-fold greater in hyperthyroid ...
View Full PDF - Essays in Biochemistry
... produced by AdoMetDC. Mammalian AdoMetDC belongs to the group of very few enzymes that uses pyruvate, instead of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, as a cofactor [18]. The pyruvate is generated by an autocatalytical cleavage of the AdoMetDC protein after synthesis [19]. Mammalian AdoMetDC is produced as a pro- ...
... produced by AdoMetDC. Mammalian AdoMetDC belongs to the group of very few enzymes that uses pyruvate, instead of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, as a cofactor [18]. The pyruvate is generated by an autocatalytical cleavage of the AdoMetDC protein after synthesis [19]. Mammalian AdoMetDC is produced as a pro- ...
Nuclease activities and cell death processes
... recycling of the substrate mycelium proteins of Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC 11891 (Miguelez et al., 1999). The hyphae of S. antibioticus undergo an orderly process of internal cell dismantling, including extensive genome digestion, that resembles the programmed cell death in animal development (M ...
... recycling of the substrate mycelium proteins of Streptomyces antibioticus ATCC 11891 (Miguelez et al., 1999). The hyphae of S. antibioticus undergo an orderly process of internal cell dismantling, including extensive genome digestion, that resembles the programmed cell death in animal development (M ...
Physical and functional link of the leukemia
... Figure 2. PML I isoform specifically interacts with AML1b. (A) Schematic representation of the PML protein and genomic structure of various PML transcripts. The PML protein contains the RBCC motif that consists of the RING finger domain (RING), the 2 B boxes (B1 and B2), and the helical coiled-coil ...
... Figure 2. PML I isoform specifically interacts with AML1b. (A) Schematic representation of the PML protein and genomic structure of various PML transcripts. The PML protein contains the RBCC motif that consists of the RING finger domain (RING), the 2 B boxes (B1 and B2), and the helical coiled-coil ...
Article Title Authors Author affiliation Correspondence information
... autophagy activity in tumors cells correlates with Beclin1 expression. It is believed that Beclin1, an important ATG protein, its yeast homolog, autophagic gene Atg6/Vps30 (vacuolar protein sorting), is a “core” element in membrane formation. Beclin1 recruits and activates the hVps34 protein, they f ...
... autophagy activity in tumors cells correlates with Beclin1 expression. It is believed that Beclin1, an important ATG protein, its yeast homolog, autophagic gene Atg6/Vps30 (vacuolar protein sorting), is a “core” element in membrane formation. Beclin1 recruits and activates the hVps34 protein, they f ...
Role of Hoxa-2 in axon pathfinding and rostral hindbrain patterning
... 3694 A. Gavalas and others The Hox genes appear to be good candidates to establish rhombomeric segmental identities, as suggested by the results of the Hoxa-1 and Hoxb-1 knockouts (Lufkin et al., 1991; Chisaka et al., 1992; Mark et al., 1993; Carpenter et al., 1993; Dollé et al., 1993; Goddard et a ...
... 3694 A. Gavalas and others The Hox genes appear to be good candidates to establish rhombomeric segmental identities, as suggested by the results of the Hoxa-1 and Hoxb-1 knockouts (Lufkin et al., 1991; Chisaka et al., 1992; Mark et al., 1993; Carpenter et al., 1993; Dollé et al., 1993; Goddard et a ...
PDF
... but become committed shortly before axogenesis (Eisen, 1991), around the time that the alternating pattern of islet2 and islet1 expression is established (Appel et al., 1995). Thus, it was surprising to learn that either Islet1 or Islet2 protein is sufficient to specify both CaP and MiP subtypes, su ...
... but become committed shortly before axogenesis (Eisen, 1991), around the time that the alternating pattern of islet2 and islet1 expression is established (Appel et al., 1995). Thus, it was surprising to learn that either Islet1 or Islet2 protein is sufficient to specify both CaP and MiP subtypes, su ...
Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Innate Immunity by
... with TBK1 as well as IKKε leads to activation of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-3. Coordinated activation of NF-kB and IRF-3 pathways leads to the assembly of a multiprotein enhancer complex that drives expression of IFN-b–and IFN-mediated antiviral immunity (7–11). As a countermeasure, many viruses ha ...
... with TBK1 as well as IKKε leads to activation of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-3. Coordinated activation of NF-kB and IRF-3 pathways leads to the assembly of a multiprotein enhancer complex that drives expression of IFN-b–and IFN-mediated antiviral immunity (7–11). As a countermeasure, many viruses ha ...
Slow axonal transport and the genesis of neuronal morphology
... transport model was that it appeared to demand motor proteins with much slower rates than any known class of motor protein. This was particularly worrisome because the motors that move cytoskeletal polymers must be abundant along the length of the axon, and it seemed increasingly unlikely over the y ...
... transport model was that it appeared to demand motor proteins with much slower rates than any known class of motor protein. This was particularly worrisome because the motors that move cytoskeletal polymers must be abundant along the length of the axon, and it seemed increasingly unlikely over the y ...
Genetic Models of Mechanotransduction: The
... POPI SYNTICHAKI AND NEKTARIOS TAVERNARAKIS Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece ...
... POPI SYNTICHAKI AND NEKTARIOS TAVERNARAKIS Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece ...
CHAPTER 2 Literature Review I Bone Homeostasis
... receptor (RXR), as shown. (Kersten S, Desvergne B, Wahli W. Roles of PPARs in health and disease. Nature 2000;405:421-4). ...
... receptor (RXR), as shown. (Kersten S, Desvergne B, Wahli W. Roles of PPARs in health and disease. Nature 2000;405:421-4). ...
The Young Mouse Heart Is Composed of Myocytes Heterogeneous
... straight lines. Cell shortening, maximal rate of contraction (dL/dt), and relaxation (⫹dL/dt) decreased, respectively, 0.32⫾0.058 m, 5.91⫾1.20 m/sec and 5.43⫾0.92 m/sec per 10 000 m3 increase in volume (Figure 3A and 3B). Relaxation was also prolonged in large myocytes but timeto-peak-shortening ...
... straight lines. Cell shortening, maximal rate of contraction (dL/dt), and relaxation (⫹dL/dt) decreased, respectively, 0.32⫾0.058 m, 5.91⫾1.20 m/sec and 5.43⫾0.92 m/sec per 10 000 m3 increase in volume (Figure 3A and 3B). Relaxation was also prolonged in large myocytes but timeto-peak-shortening ...
Yeasts as a model for human diseases
... fact that fewer and fewer genes are of unknown function, it serves as a reference genome for the annotation of new ones. For all these reasons, several ‘omics’ approaches were developed using S. cerevisiae. This provided an immense wealth of information that has been used to study more complex organ ...
... fact that fewer and fewer genes are of unknown function, it serves as a reference genome for the annotation of new ones. For all these reasons, several ‘omics’ approaches were developed using S. cerevisiae. This provided an immense wealth of information that has been used to study more complex organ ...
lecture43.pps
... The same mutations typically have major phenotypic consequences in an intact multicellular organism This implies that many of the major roles of cell surface/secreted glycans involve cellcell or extracellular interactions Nuclear/cytosolic glycans may play more cell-intrinsic roles e.g., in signa ...
... The same mutations typically have major phenotypic consequences in an intact multicellular organism This implies that many of the major roles of cell surface/secreted glycans involve cellcell or extracellular interactions Nuclear/cytosolic glycans may play more cell-intrinsic roles e.g., in signa ...
Increased Agonist Affinity at the
... was ⬃2 times above background when mea- Figure 1. Imaging binding and unbinding of dermorphin A594. A, FLAG-MOR in HEK 293 cells were labeled with M1 anti-FLAG suring unbinding, but only 5–10% above back- antibody-conjugated Alexa-488 (M1 A488) to visualize receptors localized on the plasma membrane ...
... was ⬃2 times above background when mea- Figure 1. Imaging binding and unbinding of dermorphin A594. A, FLAG-MOR in HEK 293 cells were labeled with M1 anti-FLAG suring unbinding, but only 5–10% above back- antibody-conjugated Alexa-488 (M1 A488) to visualize receptors localized on the plasma membrane ...