Microtubules Contribute to Tubule Elongation and
... The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of tubules and sheet-like structures in eukaryotic cells. Some ER tubules dynamically change their morphology, and others form stable structures. In plants, it has been thought that the ER tubule extension is driven by the actin-myosin machinery. Here, we ...
... The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of tubules and sheet-like structures in eukaryotic cells. Some ER tubules dynamically change their morphology, and others form stable structures. In plants, it has been thought that the ER tubule extension is driven by the actin-myosin machinery. Here, we ...
Cell-Mediated Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in
... specialized cells that store calcium oxalate. Cell-specific synthesis and accumulation of these chambers signify the differentiation of a crystal-forming cell early in its development (Arnott and Pautard, 1970; Frank and Jensen, 1970; Horner and Whitmoyer, 1972; Franceschi, 1984; Kausch and Horner, ...
... specialized cells that store calcium oxalate. Cell-specific synthesis and accumulation of these chambers signify the differentiation of a crystal-forming cell early in its development (Arnott and Pautard, 1970; Frank and Jensen, 1970; Horner and Whitmoyer, 1972; Franceschi, 1984; Kausch and Horner, ...
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... inductive events depends on the presence of not only an inductive signal but also on cellular competence, i.e. the ability of cells to receive and respond to inductive signals. These properties are temporally and spatially regulated in a coordinated manner, ensuring that tissues are induced at the r ...
... inductive events depends on the presence of not only an inductive signal but also on cellular competence, i.e. the ability of cells to receive and respond to inductive signals. These properties are temporally and spatially regulated in a coordinated manner, ensuring that tissues are induced at the r ...
Transcriptional regulation of mammalian autophagy at a glance
... the degradation of cargo by the lysosomal compartment, TFEB has the ability to regulate multiple steps of the autophagic process (Settembre et al., 2011). The overexpression of TFEB alone is sufficient to alleviate disease associated with protein aggregation in rodent models. For instance, overexpre ...
... the degradation of cargo by the lysosomal compartment, TFEB has the ability to regulate multiple steps of the autophagic process (Settembre et al., 2011). The overexpression of TFEB alone is sufficient to alleviate disease associated with protein aggregation in rodent models. For instance, overexpre ...
Dr. Warburg research
... metabolism remains. The transformation of embryonic cell metabolism into cancer cell metabolism can thus be irreversible, and important result, since the origin of cancer cells from normal body cells is an irreversible process. It is equally important that these body cells whose metabolism has thus ...
... metabolism remains. The transformation of embryonic cell metabolism into cancer cell metabolism can thus be irreversible, and important result, since the origin of cancer cells from normal body cells is an irreversible process. It is equally important that these body cells whose metabolism has thus ...
iv Molecular Mechanisms of Notochord Vacuole
... as it marks the beginning of our phylum, chordata. In vertebrates the notochord arises from the dorsal organizer, also known as the embryonic shield in zebrafish, and is critical for proper vertebrate development (Saude et al., 2000; Shih and Fraser, 1996). The notochord is an important midline stru ...
... as it marks the beginning of our phylum, chordata. In vertebrates the notochord arises from the dorsal organizer, also known as the embryonic shield in zebrafish, and is critical for proper vertebrate development (Saude et al., 2000; Shih and Fraser, 1996). The notochord is an important midline stru ...
Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms
... lymphatic defects (Koltowska et al., 2015a; van Impel et al., 2014). This discrepancy between phenotypes has recently been shown to result from the presence of maternally contributed transcripts in prox1a−/− embryos, as maternal zygotic mutants carrying a mutation in the same gene were shown to disp ...
... lymphatic defects (Koltowska et al., 2015a; van Impel et al., 2014). This discrepancy between phenotypes has recently been shown to result from the presence of maternally contributed transcripts in prox1a−/− embryos, as maternal zygotic mutants carrying a mutation in the same gene were shown to disp ...
The Drosophila ribbon gene encodes a nuclear BTB domain protein that promotes epithelial migration and morphogenesis. Development 128, 4923-4933. pdf
... tracheal branching (Manning and Krasnow, 1993; Metzger and Krasnow, 1999; Affolter and Shilo, 2000). These have begun to separate the morphogenetic process into genetically distinct steps. Several genes are required for the initial specification of tracheal cell fate and invagination to form trachea ...
... tracheal branching (Manning and Krasnow, 1993; Metzger and Krasnow, 1999; Affolter and Shilo, 2000). These have begun to separate the morphogenetic process into genetically distinct steps. Several genes are required for the initial specification of tracheal cell fate and invagination to form trachea ...
McClay et al.
... those expressed in the endogenous gut (Ransick and Davidson, 1993). Furthermore, Ransick also found that micromeres were necessary for normal gut specification, at least for the early expression of endoderm markers (Ransick and Davidson, 1995). In other recent experiments absence of micromeres led t ...
... those expressed in the endogenous gut (Ransick and Davidson, 1993). Furthermore, Ransick also found that micromeres were necessary for normal gut specification, at least for the early expression of endoderm markers (Ransick and Davidson, 1995). In other recent experiments absence of micromeres led t ...
Making an Effort to Listen: Mechanical Amplification in the Ear
... hair bundles. At the same time, however, the hair cells perform work by increasing the magnitude of their mechanical input. This amplification of the stimulus constitutes positive feedback that enhances the sensitivity of hearing by countering the loss of energy through the viscous dissipation that ...
... hair bundles. At the same time, however, the hair cells perform work by increasing the magnitude of their mechanical input. This amplification of the stimulus constitutes positive feedback that enhances the sensitivity of hearing by countering the loss of energy through the viscous dissipation that ...
BMP4 regulation of sensory organ development in the chick inner ear
... (Couloigner, et al. 2004) ...
... (Couloigner, et al. 2004) ...
Infusion of a biotinylated bis-glucose photolabel
... myocytes, where it has a role in basal glucose uptake (14, 41, 51), and in endothelial cells (9). GLUT1 undergoes modest translocation to the sarcolemma with insulin and ischemia (14, 51), as it does in adipocytes (50). GLUT1 is also regulated at the expression level during ischemia, in part through ...
... myocytes, where it has a role in basal glucose uptake (14, 41, 51), and in endothelial cells (9). GLUT1 undergoes modest translocation to the sarcolemma with insulin and ischemia (14, 51), as it does in adipocytes (50). GLUT1 is also regulated at the expression level during ischemia, in part through ...
Autophagy and pancreatitis
... impaired autophagy leads to cell pathology. For example, a major consequence of impaired autophagy is accumulation of damaged (e.g., uncoupled) mitochondria (26, 113). In particular, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization caused by various stressors results in ATP decrease, overproduction of reacti ...
... impaired autophagy leads to cell pathology. For example, a major consequence of impaired autophagy is accumulation of damaged (e.g., uncoupled) mitochondria (26, 113). In particular, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization caused by various stressors results in ATP decrease, overproduction of reacti ...
Amino acid regulation of mTORC1 Liron Bar-Peled
... immunosuppressant (7), efficiently blocking IL-2 mediated lymphocyte proliferation at low nanogram doses (8), while maintaining immune surveillance (8) and thus avoiding additional complications associated with other immunosuppressants. Today, rapamycin (also known as serolimus) is a mainstay in org ...
... immunosuppressant (7), efficiently blocking IL-2 mediated lymphocyte proliferation at low nanogram doses (8), while maintaining immune surveillance (8) and thus avoiding additional complications associated with other immunosuppressants. Today, rapamycin (also known as serolimus) is a mainstay in org ...
Nuclear-fallout, a Drosophila protein that cycles from the cytoplasm
... Fig. 1A-D depicts a normal embryo injected with fluorescently labeled histones and followed using confocal microscopy from metaphase to telophase of nuclear cycle 12. Although the syncytial nuclei are closely spaced and divide within a single plane, collisions between neighboring nuclei rarely occur ...
... Fig. 1A-D depicts a normal embryo injected with fluorescently labeled histones and followed using confocal microscopy from metaphase to telophase of nuclear cycle 12. Although the syncytial nuclei are closely spaced and divide within a single plane, collisions between neighboring nuclei rarely occur ...
Logistics of water and salt transport through the plant
... walls that form a bowl-shaped chamber (Fig. 1b). It has long been known that these pits are vital structural ele- ...
... walls that form a bowl-shaped chamber (Fig. 1b). It has long been known that these pits are vital structural ele- ...
Molecular Cloning and Pharmacological Characterization of a
... oct-3) have been characterized, each with pharmacological properties (for a review, see Ref. 2). Stimulation of oct-1 receptors induces an increase in intracellular calcium concentration, whereas oct-2A, oct-2B, and oct-3 receptors are positively coupled to AC. Octopaminergic neurotransmission has b ...
... oct-3) have been characterized, each with pharmacological properties (for a review, see Ref. 2). Stimulation of oct-1 receptors induces an increase in intracellular calcium concentration, whereas oct-2A, oct-2B, and oct-3 receptors are positively coupled to AC. Octopaminergic neurotransmission has b ...
assembly and enlargement of the primary cell wall in plants
... microscope (Emons 1988, McCann et al 1990), although those formed by algae may be up to 30 nm wide and more crystalline (Preston 1974). The cellulose microfibril has a substructure consisting of highly organized crystalline domains linked together by less organized amorphous regions. The individual ...
... microscope (Emons 1988, McCann et al 1990), although those formed by algae may be up to 30 nm wide and more crystalline (Preston 1974). The cellulose microfibril has a substructure consisting of highly organized crystalline domains linked together by less organized amorphous regions. The individual ...
(DAMP) signal in plants
... extracellular ATP. Wounding (i.e., cell breakage) is a good example of the release of ATP molecules shown as “lightning” symbols. In addition, a variety of stimuli, e.g., abiotic and biotic stresses can induce ATP release (see Table 1 in detail). These events are suggested to be mediated by an ABC t ...
... extracellular ATP. Wounding (i.e., cell breakage) is a good example of the release of ATP molecules shown as “lightning” symbols. In addition, a variety of stimuli, e.g., abiotic and biotic stresses can induce ATP release (see Table 1 in detail). These events are suggested to be mediated by an ABC t ...
Characterization of the Enzymatic Component of the ADP
... ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component (CDTa) of the toxin using the binding component of Clostridium perfringens iota toxin (Ib), which is inte ...
... ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component (CDTa) of the toxin using the binding component of Clostridium perfringens iota toxin (Ib), which is inte ...
Isolated cell behavior drives the evolution of
... prevent colony formation after overnight growth with the scMIC measured in liquid culture. These quantities should be equivalent: each colony observed on an agar plate develops from a single cell that was able to reproduce in a given antibiotic environment. Encouragingly, we found that the single-ce ...
... prevent colony formation after overnight growth with the scMIC measured in liquid culture. These quantities should be equivalent: each colony observed on an agar plate develops from a single cell that was able to reproduce in a given antibiotic environment. Encouragingly, we found that the single-ce ...
Disruption of morphogenesis and transformation of
... suspensor may consist of a single cell or more than 100 cells, and it may be small or large relative to the embryo proper. Suspensors typically are filamentous, columnar, spherical, or irregular in shape, and the boundary between the suspensor and embryo proper can be distinct or diffuse. Following ...
... suspensor may consist of a single cell or more than 100 cells, and it may be small or large relative to the embryo proper. Suspensors typically are filamentous, columnar, spherical, or irregular in shape, and the boundary between the suspensor and embryo proper can be distinct or diffuse. Following ...
Traffic between the plant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
... compartments [30], or precursors of the prevacuolar compartment. Microscopy supports the existence of a TGNlike structure at the plant Golgi [31,32]. Earlier studies have also pointed to the existence of subdomains of the TGN [33]. The golgin AtGRIP is thought to localize at the transGolgi, although ...
... compartments [30], or precursors of the prevacuolar compartment. Microscopy supports the existence of a TGNlike structure at the plant Golgi [31,32]. Earlier studies have also pointed to the existence of subdomains of the TGN [33]. The golgin AtGRIP is thought to localize at the transGolgi, although ...
The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular
... P2Y12 is expressed on microglia but not macrophages We, and others, have previously shown that P2Y12 transcripts are expressed by glial cells of the spinal cord and brain, specifically microglia7,12. To determine whether receptor protein is located on the microglial cell surface, we generated an ant ...
... P2Y12 is expressed on microglia but not macrophages We, and others, have previously shown that P2Y12 transcripts are expressed by glial cells of the spinal cord and brain, specifically microglia7,12. To determine whether receptor protein is located on the microglial cell surface, we generated an ant ...