Nuclear export signal located within the DNAbinding domain of the
... cell, indicating that cytoplasmic localization was a result of active nuclear export. To locate the functional NES sequence in STAT1 more precisely, smaller fragments containing amino acids 377±413, 392±413 or 424±439 were positioned at the N-terminus of GFP. Both the 377/ 413±GFP and the 392/413±GF ...
... cell, indicating that cytoplasmic localization was a result of active nuclear export. To locate the functional NES sequence in STAT1 more precisely, smaller fragments containing amino acids 377±413, 392±413 or 424±439 were positioned at the N-terminus of GFP. Both the 377/ 413±GFP and the 392/413±GF ...
Nkx2-5 mutation causes anatomic hypoplasia of the cardiac
... Generation of mutant strains. The Nkx2-5+/neo line was generated by targeted replacement of the WT allele with the Nkx2-5neo construct in AK7 ES cells and injection of positive clones into C57Bl/6 blastocysts, as previously described (12). To make the targeting construct, a neomycin resistance casse ...
... Generation of mutant strains. The Nkx2-5+/neo line was generated by targeted replacement of the WT allele with the Nkx2-5neo construct in AK7 ES cells and injection of positive clones into C57Bl/6 blastocysts, as previously described (12). To make the targeting construct, a neomycin resistance casse ...
The Long Noncoding RNA CHRF Regulates Cardiac Hypertrophy
... Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed RNA molecules >200 nucleotides in length but have no significant protein-coding potential. lncRNAs regulate the expression of genes at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels and play an important role in physiological processes. The ...
... Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed RNA molecules >200 nucleotides in length but have no significant protein-coding potential. lncRNAs regulate the expression of genes at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels and play an important role in physiological processes. The ...
Towards the Physics of Calcium Signalling in Plants
... obtaining insights into how plants adapt to their environment often requires understanding the processes that govern calcium levels within and between compartments. Many processes are, however, ...
... obtaining insights into how plants adapt to their environment often requires understanding the processes that govern calcium levels within and between compartments. Many processes are, however, ...
Physical Interaction of Floral Organs Controls
... Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan (S.T., A.I., N.M., K.O.); Laboratory of Plant Organ Development, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444–8585, Japan (A.I., K.T., K.O.); Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyot ...
... Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan (S.T., A.I., N.M., K.O.); Laboratory of Plant Organ Development, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444–8585, Japan (A.I., K.T., K.O.); Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyot ...
Fidelity of Primate Cell Repair of a Double
... At least 15 human diseases are caused by the instability of gene-specific (CTG)䡠(CAG) repeats. The precise mechanism of instability remains unknown, though bacterial and yeast models have suggested a role for aberrant repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Using an established primate DSB repair sys ...
... At least 15 human diseases are caused by the instability of gene-specific (CTG)䡠(CAG) repeats. The precise mechanism of instability remains unknown, though bacterial and yeast models have suggested a role for aberrant repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Using an established primate DSB repair sys ...
Dynamic modification of the ETS transcription factor PEA3 by
... contains a proline-directed serine phosphorylation site located three amino acids downstream from the core consensus sumoylation motif (cKxExxSP). Sumoylation can cause changes in protein function in many different ways but in the case of transcription factors, it usually results in imparting repres ...
... contains a proline-directed serine phosphorylation site located three amino acids downstream from the core consensus sumoylation motif (cKxExxSP). Sumoylation can cause changes in protein function in many different ways but in the case of transcription factors, it usually results in imparting repres ...
Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signalling by
... proteins directly (through phosphorylated Y1045) as well as indirectly (through LRIG1), with both mechanisms acting additively to maximise EGFR ubiquitylation and its subsequent EGFR degradation (Fig. 2A). Ectopically expressed LRIG1 also affects the basal rate of EGFR degradation (Laederich et al., ...
... proteins directly (through phosphorylated Y1045) as well as indirectly (through LRIG1), with both mechanisms acting additively to maximise EGFR ubiquitylation and its subsequent EGFR degradation (Fig. 2A). Ectopically expressed LRIG1 also affects the basal rate of EGFR degradation (Laederich et al., ...
The anaphase promoting complex/ cyclosome: a
... apparatus during mitosis. Without APC/C, cells cannot separate their sister chromatids in anaphase, they cannot exit from mitosis and divide into two daughter cells, and they cannot initiate the steps that are necessary for DNA replication later in S phase. APC/C seems to have similarly important fu ...
... apparatus during mitosis. Without APC/C, cells cannot separate their sister chromatids in anaphase, they cannot exit from mitosis and divide into two daughter cells, and they cannot initiate the steps that are necessary for DNA replication later in S phase. APC/C seems to have similarly important fu ...
Surge and destroy: the role of auxin in plant embryogenesis
... It has taken longer to recognize and understand the role auxin plays in the development of cell or organ types in the embryo. This is partly because the plant embryo is safely, and for many experimental purposes, inaccessibly, tucked away inside the ovule. It is also because we have had, until recen ...
... It has taken longer to recognize and understand the role auxin plays in the development of cell or organ types in the embryo. This is partly because the plant embryo is safely, and for many experimental purposes, inaccessibly, tucked away inside the ovule. It is also because we have had, until recen ...
Alternative splicing of human cyclin E - Journal of Cell Science
... In the course of analysing the expression of the cyclin E gene in different cell lines we observed a second minor RNA species that was slightly smaller than the major RNA representing the previously described cyclin E (Koff et al., 1991). This shorter cyclin E RNA, termed cyclin Es, was detected by ...
... In the course of analysing the expression of the cyclin E gene in different cell lines we observed a second minor RNA species that was slightly smaller than the major RNA representing the previously described cyclin E (Koff et al., 1991). This shorter cyclin E RNA, termed cyclin Es, was detected by ...
Research and Development
... Blackspot bruising is the blue-black tuber discoloration encountered when susceptible potatoes impact on a hard surface, and is caused by a chemical reaction initiated when tuber cells are physically damaged. This phenomenon greatly affects the quality of the crop and its value. A 2-year, BPC/DEFRA ...
... Blackspot bruising is the blue-black tuber discoloration encountered when susceptible potatoes impact on a hard surface, and is caused by a chemical reaction initiated when tuber cells are physically damaged. This phenomenon greatly affects the quality of the crop and its value. A 2-year, BPC/DEFRA ...
Endoplasmic Microtubules Configure the Subapical Cytoplasm and
... This work was supported by the European Community Training and Mobility of Researchers Program (grant no. FMRX CT 98 0239 to B.J.S. and F.G.P.L.) and by the European Advanced Light Microscopy Facility of the EMBL (short-term fellowship to A.C.J.T.). ...
... This work was supported by the European Community Training and Mobility of Researchers Program (grant no. FMRX CT 98 0239 to B.J.S. and F.G.P.L.) and by the European Advanced Light Microscopy Facility of the EMBL (short-term fellowship to A.C.J.T.). ...
Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science
... isoelectric point of lysozyme is given as pH 10.5 to 11.00 by Alderton, "Ward and Fevold (6), however, Pasynskii and Kastarskaya (11) report the isoelectric point as pH 6. The wide difference is explained by the latter authors as due to the buffers used. Lysozyme is filterable in acid solutions, is ...
... isoelectric point of lysozyme is given as pH 10.5 to 11.00 by Alderton, "Ward and Fevold (6), however, Pasynskii and Kastarskaya (11) report the isoelectric point as pH 6. The wide difference is explained by the latter authors as due to the buffers used. Lysozyme is filterable in acid solutions, is ...
Arpp19 and Cdc6, two major regulators of the meiotic division
... always made herself available to help and support me even when nothing seemed to be working. She was the best supervisor I could hope for (and surely a better “supervisor” than a “ping pong player ...
... always made herself available to help and support me even when nothing seemed to be working. She was the best supervisor I could hope for (and surely a better “supervisor” than a “ping pong player ...
The Plant Actin Cytoskeleton Responds to Signals from Microbe
... Figure S1A & C), whereas cotyledons inoculated with the nonpathogenic T3SS-deficient mutant hrpH did not (Figure S1B & D). Furthermore, cotyledons (Figure S1E) and rosette leaves (Figure S1F) inoculated with DC3000 had a higher bacterial load than those inoculated with hrpH at 4 days after inoculati ...
... Figure S1A & C), whereas cotyledons inoculated with the nonpathogenic T3SS-deficient mutant hrpH did not (Figure S1B & D). Furthermore, cotyledons (Figure S1E) and rosette leaves (Figure S1F) inoculated with DC3000 had a higher bacterial load than those inoculated with hrpH at 4 days after inoculati ...
Utilization and Transport of Mannitol in Olea
... a 250 and 500 mM NaCl pulse, whereas extensive loss of cell viability was observed in sucrose-grown cells. OeMaT1 transcripts increased throughout maturation of olive fruits, suggesting that an OeMaT is involved in the accumulation of mannitol during ripening of olive. Thus, mannitol transport and c ...
... a 250 and 500 mM NaCl pulse, whereas extensive loss of cell viability was observed in sucrose-grown cells. OeMaT1 transcripts increased throughout maturation of olive fruits, suggesting that an OeMaT is involved in the accumulation of mannitol during ripening of olive. Thus, mannitol transport and c ...
Mammalian Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal
... by environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines of the TNF superfamily C. The p38 MAPKs, a second stress-activated MAPK group D. ERK5/big MAP kinase-1 (BMK1), a third class of stress-activated MAPK E. SAPK, p38, and ERK5 substrates F. MEKs upstream of the SAPKs, p38s, and ERK5 G. Several diverg ...
... by environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines of the TNF superfamily C. The p38 MAPKs, a second stress-activated MAPK group D. ERK5/big MAP kinase-1 (BMK1), a third class of stress-activated MAPK E. SAPK, p38, and ERK5 substrates F. MEKs upstream of the SAPKs, p38s, and ERK5 G. Several diverg ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
... FIG. 1. A: cartoon displaying the elementary component parts of the adult mammalian heart in a four-chamber view. The working myocardium of the formed heart is composed of the right and left atria (RA, LA) and right and left ventricles (RV, LV). The conduction system is composed of the pacemaking ti ...
Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in Stabilized Plasmid – Lipid
... In previous work (Wheeler ef al. (1 999) Gene Therupy 6 , 27 1-28 1) we have shown that plasmid DNA can be entrapped in "stabilized plasmid-lipid particles" (SPLP) using low levels (5- 10 mol%) of cationic lipid, the fusogenic lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and a polyethyleneglycol ( ...
... In previous work (Wheeler ef al. (1 999) Gene Therupy 6 , 27 1-28 1) we have shown that plasmid DNA can be entrapped in "stabilized plasmid-lipid particles" (SPLP) using low levels (5- 10 mol%) of cationic lipid, the fusogenic lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and a polyethyleneglycol ( ...
XRN1 Is a Species-Specific Virus Restriction Factor in Yeasts
... with host enzymes that perform either deadenylation or decapping on mRNAs targeted for degradation [1]. Following decapping, mRNAs are typically degraded by the 5’ to 3’ cytoplasmic exonuclease, Xrn1 [2,3]. Alternatively, after deadenylation, mRNAs can be subject to 3’ to 5’ degradation by the cytop ...
... with host enzymes that perform either deadenylation or decapping on mRNAs targeted for degradation [1]. Following decapping, mRNAs are typically degraded by the 5’ to 3’ cytoplasmic exonuclease, Xrn1 [2,3]. Alternatively, after deadenylation, mRNAs can be subject to 3’ to 5’ degradation by the cytop ...