CELL WALLS OF GROWING PLANT CELLS
... cellulose microfibrils, cross-linked by xyloglucan and dispersed in a pectin matrix. It has been suggested that in the wall of growing plant cells, xyloglucan is bound to the rigid cellulose microfibrils by hydrogen bonds and holds the microfibrils together by forming molecular tethers, which is ref ...
... cellulose microfibrils, cross-linked by xyloglucan and dispersed in a pectin matrix. It has been suggested that in the wall of growing plant cells, xyloglucan is bound to the rigid cellulose microfibrils by hydrogen bonds and holds the microfibrils together by forming molecular tethers, which is ref ...
Myosin XIK is a major player in cytoplasm dynamics and is regulated
... Fig. 3 Dynamics of cytoplasm stained with soluble GFP in the presence of dominant negative myosin tail constructs fused to RFP. Nicotiana benthamiana leaves were infiltrated with a construct encoding GFP alone or GFP with an RFP fusion of coiled-coil tail domains from MYA2 or XIK (shown in magenta). ...
... Fig. 3 Dynamics of cytoplasm stained with soluble GFP in the presence of dominant negative myosin tail constructs fused to RFP. Nicotiana benthamiana leaves were infiltrated with a construct encoding GFP alone or GFP with an RFP fusion of coiled-coil tail domains from MYA2 or XIK (shown in magenta). ...
The dehydratase ADT3 affects ROS homeostasis
... cells, which lack oil bodies and normal plastids. Interestingly, upregulation of the pathway ...
... cells, which lack oil bodies and normal plastids. Interestingly, upregulation of the pathway ...
RNA Polymerase I-Specific Subunit CAST/hPAF49 Has a Role in the
... polypeptides in Pol I were performed as previously described (36). Nonspecific transcription assay. In nonspecific (promoter independent and randomly initiated) transcription assays, samples (up to 5 l) were tested in a 25-l reaction mixture with 2.5 g of sheared calf thymus DNA, which yields, on ...
... polypeptides in Pol I were performed as previously described (36). Nonspecific transcription assay. In nonspecific (promoter independent and randomly initiated) transcription assays, samples (up to 5 l) were tested in a 25-l reaction mixture with 2.5 g of sheared calf thymus DNA, which yields, on ...
Development of in vitro procedures that can predict the safety of
... Pre-clinical safety testing (in vivo and in vitro) of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) TGN1412 (developed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases) failed to predict the life threatening adverse events that occurred during its Phase I Clinical Trial. The treatment of disease using mAb thera ...
... Pre-clinical safety testing (in vivo and in vitro) of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) TGN1412 (developed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases) failed to predict the life threatening adverse events that occurred during its Phase I Clinical Trial. The treatment of disease using mAb thera ...
The dorsal neural tube organizes the dermamyotome
... formed somites. This absence of regional specification at early stages is revealed in experiments in which 180° rotation of the paraxial mesoderm or early somites has no effect on the subsequent dorsal-ventral patterning (Aoyama and Asamoto, 1988). Similarly, when the dorsal half of an early somite ...
... formed somites. This absence of regional specification at early stages is revealed in experiments in which 180° rotation of the paraxial mesoderm or early somites has no effect on the subsequent dorsal-ventral patterning (Aoyama and Asamoto, 1988). Similarly, when the dorsal half of an early somite ...
livret final - Institut des Métaux en Biologie de Grenoble
... Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) were comparable in LN229 and U87 (about 4µM and 11 µM in 2D and 3D respectively) whereas it was higher in T98G. In the 3D, cell lines were about 3 more resistant than in 2D. The spheroid diameter decreased from 2.5 µM to 10 µM in all BTC. In both 2D and 3D, sodium ...
... Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) were comparable in LN229 and U87 (about 4µM and 11 µM in 2D and 3D respectively) whereas it was higher in T98G. In the 3D, cell lines were about 3 more resistant than in 2D. The spheroid diameter decreased from 2.5 µM to 10 µM in all BTC. In both 2D and 3D, sodium ...
Coactivation of Syk Kinase and MyD88 Adaptor Protein Pathways by
... spleen, and peritoneum (Figure S5). These various results show that in the context of TLR activation, murine neutrophils are efficiently activated, but contribute very much more weakly than monocytes to proinflammatory cytokine production. We also found that only Pam3 and LPS stimulated Gr-1hiLy6hi ...
... spleen, and peritoneum (Figure S5). These various results show that in the context of TLR activation, murine neutrophils are efficiently activated, but contribute very much more weakly than monocytes to proinflammatory cytokine production. We also found that only Pam3 and LPS stimulated Gr-1hiLy6hi ...
Dishevelled: at the crossroads of divergent
... All Dsh genes have three highly conserved domains. An N-terminal DIX (Dishevelled-Axin) domain extends for 80 amino acids and was also found in the Axin protein, which seems to be a scaffolding factor for Wnt signaling (Zeng et al., 1997; Behrens et al., 1998). Sequence analysis reveals that Dsh has ...
... All Dsh genes have three highly conserved domains. An N-terminal DIX (Dishevelled-Axin) domain extends for 80 amino acids and was also found in the Axin protein, which seems to be a scaffolding factor for Wnt signaling (Zeng et al., 1997; Behrens et al., 1998). Sequence analysis reveals that Dsh has ...
Biological Properties and Characterization of Lectin from Red
... legumes that are a major food source for both humans and animals. Amounts of lectin in legumes vary significantly (Table 1). The content of total protein in kidney bean seeds is reported to be between 17–23%, of which 2.4–5% is PHA.(2, 10, 11) Soybeans (Glycine max) contain 34% protein, of which 0.8 ...
... legumes that are a major food source for both humans and animals. Amounts of lectin in legumes vary significantly (Table 1). The content of total protein in kidney bean seeds is reported to be between 17–23%, of which 2.4–5% is PHA.(2, 10, 11) Soybeans (Glycine max) contain 34% protein, of which 0.8 ...
Depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores enhances flow
... 2 The arteries were pressurized to 50 mmHg and preconstricted with phenylephrine. Intraluminal flow reversed the effect of phenylephrine, resulting in vasodilatation. Flow dilatation consisted of an initial transient peak followed by a sustained plateau phase. The magnitude of dilatation was markedl ...
... 2 The arteries were pressurized to 50 mmHg and preconstricted with phenylephrine. Intraluminal flow reversed the effect of phenylephrine, resulting in vasodilatation. Flow dilatation consisted of an initial transient peak followed by a sustained plateau phase. The magnitude of dilatation was markedl ...
influences of auxins and auxin synergists on
... product 3-methyleneoxindole promotes elongation growth (Basu and Tuli, 1972a, 1972b, 1972c; Fukuyama and Moyed, 1964; Moyed and Tuli, 1968; Still, Fukuyama and Moyed, 1965; Still, Olivier, and Moyed, 1965; Tuli and Moyed, 1966, 1969). Furthermore, naturally occurring esters of IAA have frequently be ...
... product 3-methyleneoxindole promotes elongation growth (Basu and Tuli, 1972a, 1972b, 1972c; Fukuyama and Moyed, 1964; Moyed and Tuli, 1968; Still, Fukuyama and Moyed, 1965; Still, Olivier, and Moyed, 1965; Tuli and Moyed, 1966, 1969). Furthermore, naturally occurring esters of IAA have frequently be ...
Endoplasmic reticulum potassium–hydrogen exchanger and small
... activity because the Ca2+-pumping activity of SERCA has been reported to stop at approximately luminal pH 8.0 (Peinelt and Apell, 2002). One of the candidates for such a function could be a potassium–hydrogen exchanger (KHE) such as that identified in the mitochondrial inner membrane (Froschauer et ...
... activity because the Ca2+-pumping activity of SERCA has been reported to stop at approximately luminal pH 8.0 (Peinelt and Apell, 2002). One of the candidates for such a function could be a potassium–hydrogen exchanger (KHE) such as that identified in the mitochondrial inner membrane (Froschauer et ...
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... in puncta, similar to those observed in the peripheral nerve (Xie and Auld, 2011), that were located at the interface of the PG layer and the ECM, the PG-CG interface, and between the two CG (Fig. 1D,E). Drosophila melanogaster has five α-integrin subunits, of which only αPS1-3 (also known as Multip ...
... in puncta, similar to those observed in the peripheral nerve (Xie and Auld, 2011), that were located at the interface of the PG layer and the ECM, the PG-CG interface, and between the two CG (Fig. 1D,E). Drosophila melanogaster has five α-integrin subunits, of which only αPS1-3 (also known as Multip ...
Mesoderm induction: from caps to chips - UNC
... Because animal caps can be easily isolated and grown in a simple buffer solution, and because conversion of animal cap explants to mesoderm can be readily monitored at the macroscopic level, this assay provided a valuable means for identifying the first mesoderm-inducing factors (reviewed in REF. 3) ...
... Because animal caps can be easily isolated and grown in a simple buffer solution, and because conversion of animal cap explants to mesoderm can be readily monitored at the macroscopic level, this assay provided a valuable means for identifying the first mesoderm-inducing factors (reviewed in REF. 3) ...
Interactions with microbial pathogens
... and C. elegans need not be exposed to live organisms. These categories are not mutually exclusive: one well-studied pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has a "slow killing" mode involving colonization of C. elegans as well as two toxin-mediated pathways. Furthermore, it is not trivial to discern the m ...
... and C. elegans need not be exposed to live organisms. These categories are not mutually exclusive: one well-studied pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has a "slow killing" mode involving colonization of C. elegans as well as two toxin-mediated pathways. Furthermore, it is not trivial to discern the m ...
Plant Growth Regulation
... segments Mature mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Zihua) fruits were collected at the Guangzhou Fruit Research Institute (Guangzhou, China). Embryos of similar size and fresh weight were selected after they have been dissected from mango fruits. Embryos were rinsed with tap water for 1 h and then surfa ...
... segments Mature mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Zihua) fruits were collected at the Guangzhou Fruit Research Institute (Guangzhou, China). Embryos of similar size and fresh weight were selected after they have been dissected from mango fruits. Embryos were rinsed with tap water for 1 h and then surfa ...
Ca signaling and early embryonic patterning during zebrafish
... 4. The potential down-stream targets of these Ca2+ transients are also discussed as well as how they might integrate with other pattern-forming signaling pathways, known to modulate early developmental events. Introduction There is an accumulating body of evidence to suggest that Ca2+ signaling play ...
... 4. The potential down-stream targets of these Ca2+ transients are also discussed as well as how they might integrate with other pattern-forming signaling pathways, known to modulate early developmental events. Introduction There is an accumulating body of evidence to suggest that Ca2+ signaling play ...
Ammonium toxicity and potassium limitation in yeast.
... We hypothesized that S. cerevisiae could be excreting nitrogencontaining organic compounds in an effort to detoxify ammonium. Accordingly, we used liquid chromatography– tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to test the filtrates of steady-state chemostats for the presence of dozens of different, known ...
... We hypothesized that S. cerevisiae could be excreting nitrogencontaining organic compounds in an effort to detoxify ammonium. Accordingly, we used liquid chromatography– tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to test the filtrates of steady-state chemostats for the presence of dozens of different, known ...