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... types (Moustakas and Heldin, 2009), and that TGFβ signaling molecules and activities are not affected in K14Cre;pNog tooth (supplementary material Fig. S1), prompted us to test whether TGFβ signaling is responsible for Smad1/5/8 activation in the dental epithelium. We cultured E12.5 tooth germs in t ...
... types (Moustakas and Heldin, 2009), and that TGFβ signaling molecules and activities are not affected in K14Cre;pNog tooth (supplementary material Fig. S1), prompted us to test whether TGFβ signaling is responsible for Smad1/5/8 activation in the dental epithelium. We cultured E12.5 tooth germs in t ...
Activity-Dependent Regulation of Synapses by Retrograde
... synapses are modulated by peptides, further studies are needed to determine which synapses are retrogradely modulated by the direct effects of peptides released from postsynaptic dendrites. Conventional Neurotransmitters It has long been known that some neurons, including olfactory granule cells, ha ...
... synapses are modulated by peptides, further studies are needed to determine which synapses are retrogradely modulated by the direct effects of peptides released from postsynaptic dendrites. Conventional Neurotransmitters It has long been known that some neurons, including olfactory granule cells, ha ...
Altered morphology produced by ftsZ expression in
... Corynebacterium glutamicum is a Gram-positive bacterium that lacks the cell division FtsA protein and actin-like MreB proteins responsible for determining cylindrical cell shape. When the cell division ftsZ gene from C. glutamicum (ftsZCg) was cloned in different multicopy plasmids, the resulting co ...
... Corynebacterium glutamicum is a Gram-positive bacterium that lacks the cell division FtsA protein and actin-like MreB proteins responsible for determining cylindrical cell shape. When the cell division ftsZ gene from C. glutamicum (ftsZCg) was cloned in different multicopy plasmids, the resulting co ...
Olfactory Sensory Neurons Are Trophically Dependent on the
... chloral hydrate and the femoral vein exposed. In those rats that received BrdU, a dose of 20 &gm body weight (bw) dissolved in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium at a concentration of 20 mg/ml was injected intravenously as a single bolus. In other animals, ‘H-thy was administered intravenously at 3 ...
... chloral hydrate and the femoral vein exposed. In those rats that received BrdU, a dose of 20 &gm body weight (bw) dissolved in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium at a concentration of 20 mg/ml was injected intravenously as a single bolus. In other animals, ‘H-thy was administered intravenously at 3 ...
Mechanisms of transport through the Golgi complex
... less than 100 nm in diameter, but with much lower affinity to liposomes that have a diameter greater than 200 nm. ALPS motifs are unstructured in the absence of a lipid bilayer, but are induced to form an amphipathic helix when they come into contact with a highly curved membrane (Drin et al., 2007) ...
... less than 100 nm in diameter, but with much lower affinity to liposomes that have a diameter greater than 200 nm. ALPS motifs are unstructured in the absence of a lipid bilayer, but are induced to form an amphipathic helix when they come into contact with a highly curved membrane (Drin et al., 2007) ...
Melatonin Receptors Trigger cAMP Production and Inhibit Chloride
... (n 5 6) in rabbit nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells when external Cl2 concentration was 130 mM. By using this fluorescence probe, we were able to measure changes in the intracellular chloride concentrations after challenging the cells with melatonin and analogs. In particular, melatonin and 5-MC ...
... (n 5 6) in rabbit nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells when external Cl2 concentration was 130 mM. By using this fluorescence probe, we were able to measure changes in the intracellular chloride concentrations after challenging the cells with melatonin and analogs. In particular, melatonin and 5-MC ...
Structure and function of the notochord: an essential
... induction of mesoderm. Defined today in terms of characteristically expressed genes that are known to correlate with future mesodermal fate, we now know many of the molecules involved in mesoderm induction, largely owing to classical embryological experiments carried out by Pieter Nieuwkoop (Boteren ...
... induction of mesoderm. Defined today in terms of characteristically expressed genes that are known to correlate with future mesodermal fate, we now know many of the molecules involved in mesoderm induction, largely owing to classical embryological experiments carried out by Pieter Nieuwkoop (Boteren ...
Liposome Delivery of Chlamydia muridarum Major Outer Membrane
... ELISpot analysis showed a significant higher number of IFN-␥– producing splenocytes in the MOMP/CAF01 group (mean ⫾ SE, 483 ⫾ 129 spots/1 ⫻ 10 6 cells) than in a pool of mice treated with saline, CAF01, or alum (control pool) (P ⬍ .01), whereas the MOMP/alum-vaccinated group did not differ significa ...
... ELISpot analysis showed a significant higher number of IFN-␥– producing splenocytes in the MOMP/CAF01 group (mean ⫾ SE, 483 ⫾ 129 spots/1 ⫻ 10 6 cells) than in a pool of mice treated with saline, CAF01, or alum (control pool) (P ⬍ .01), whereas the MOMP/alum-vaccinated group did not differ significa ...
Combinatorial signals from the neural tube, floor plate and
... the axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo: the developing neural tube and the underlying notochord. It was noted that somites that form in the absence of a neural tube do not progress beyond a hollow epithelial sphere morphology reminiscent of immature somites, and therefore seem to be arrested in ...
... the axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo: the developing neural tube and the underlying notochord. It was noted that somites that form in the absence of a neural tube do not progress beyond a hollow epithelial sphere morphology reminiscent of immature somites, and therefore seem to be arrested in ...
From Myocarditis to Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms of Inflammation
... patients with acute myocarditis.28 However, there would seem to be no further contribution of NK cells to lesion pathology, because they interact only with virus-infected myofibers.25 Viral myocarditis can be ameliorated in mice if IFN is administered before, simultaneously with, or within 24 hours ...
... patients with acute myocarditis.28 However, there would seem to be no further contribution of NK cells to lesion pathology, because they interact only with virus-infected myofibers.25 Viral myocarditis can be ameliorated in mice if IFN is administered before, simultaneously with, or within 24 hours ...
How cohesin and CTCF cooperate in regulating gene expression
... Many of the ‘CTCF only’ sites may therefore also be bound by cohesin. CTCF sites have also been identified in a number of other studies (see below), and one of these reported more than 20 000 binding sites on human DNA (Barski et al. 2007). It is therefore possible that the human genome contains up ...
... Many of the ‘CTCF only’ sites may therefore also be bound by cohesin. CTCF sites have also been identified in a number of other studies (see below), and one of these reported more than 20 000 binding sites on human DNA (Barski et al. 2007). It is therefore possible that the human genome contains up ...
Ryanodine receptors: next generation of insecticide targets
... Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are calcium channels located on the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum of muscle cells and neurons. They are the largest ion channels known made up of four monomers, each 565kDa in size. Mammals have 3 different RyR isoforms, encoded by different genes, while insects express onl ...
... Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are calcium channels located on the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum of muscle cells and neurons. They are the largest ion channels known made up of four monomers, each 565kDa in size. Mammals have 3 different RyR isoforms, encoded by different genes, while insects express onl ...
Physiological interactions between a mesophilic cellulolytic
... as carbon and energy source. Furthermore, Klebsiella strain W1 did not utilize amino acids as fermentable substrates, inasmuch as it did not grow anaerobically in media lacking carbohydrates but containing either peptone (Difco, 0.2 g/100 ml of medium) or acid-hydrolyzed casein (Difco Casamino Acids ...
... as carbon and energy source. Furthermore, Klebsiella strain W1 did not utilize amino acids as fermentable substrates, inasmuch as it did not grow anaerobically in media lacking carbohydrates but containing either peptone (Difco, 0.2 g/100 ml of medium) or acid-hydrolyzed casein (Difco Casamino Acids ...
12 Autophagy as a defence against intracellular pathogens
... shrink to enclose one or two bacteria within membrane vesicles called a SCV (Salmonellacontaining vacuole) (Figure 3). The bacteria then acquire autophagy markers LC3/Atg8, p62/ SQSTM1 and ubiquitin suggesting uptake into autophagosomes. One signal for activation of autophagy is generated by the pro ...
... shrink to enclose one or two bacteria within membrane vesicles called a SCV (Salmonellacontaining vacuole) (Figure 3). The bacteria then acquire autophagy markers LC3/Atg8, p62/ SQSTM1 and ubiquitin suggesting uptake into autophagosomes. One signal for activation of autophagy is generated by the pro ...
The mitochondrial compartment - Plant Mitochondrial dynamics
... Pcp1p=At1g18600. At the time of writing, only DRP3B has been shown to be required for normal mitochondrial morphology (Arimura and Tsutsumi, 2002), but no information is available on the internal morphology of mitochondria in DRP3B mutants. ...
... Pcp1p=At1g18600. At the time of writing, only DRP3B has been shown to be required for normal mitochondrial morphology (Arimura and Tsutsumi, 2002), but no information is available on the internal morphology of mitochondria in DRP3B mutants. ...
FREE Sample Here
... 55) According to the theory of evolution, which states that all life-forms on Earth arose from a common ancestor, all living organisms A) share a common organic chemistry. B) have DNA within their nucleus. C) exhibit the same basic cell wall. D) perform the same mode of reproduction. Answer: A Diff: ...
... 55) According to the theory of evolution, which states that all life-forms on Earth arose from a common ancestor, all living organisms A) share a common organic chemistry. B) have DNA within their nucleus. C) exhibit the same basic cell wall. D) perform the same mode of reproduction. Answer: A Diff: ...
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... Biology: Science for Life with Physiology, 4e (Belk) Chapter 2 Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells 1) Each of the following is a feature of all known living things EXCEPT A) genes made from proteins. B) growth. C) homeostasis. D) metabolism. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Skil ...
... Biology: Science for Life with Physiology, 4e (Belk) Chapter 2 Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells 1) Each of the following is a feature of all known living things EXCEPT A) genes made from proteins. B) growth. C) homeostasis. D) metabolism. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Skil ...
1 PATHOLOGY OF PROSTATE FA
... soft tissue in the anterior apical region which makes surgical approaches in this area more limited and surgically challenging, thereby resulting more often in cancer being at these surgical margins. Whether the specific location of positive margins is of biological or clinical relevance merits atte ...
... soft tissue in the anterior apical region which makes surgical approaches in this area more limited and surgically challenging, thereby resulting more often in cancer being at these surgical margins. Whether the specific location of positive margins is of biological or clinical relevance merits atte ...
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances
... functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the nature of transient transfection studies. Transfected Caco-2 cells contain multiple non-replicating episomal copies of the reporter constructs. Transiently transfected construc ...
... functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the nature of transient transfection studies. Transfected Caco-2 cells contain multiple non-replicating episomal copies of the reporter constructs. Transiently transfected construc ...
Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances
... functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the nature of transient transfection studies. Transfected Caco-2 cells contain multiple non-replicating episomal copies of the reporter constructs. Transiently transfected construc ...
... functional role in the mechanism of lactase persistence. It is possible that a more dramatic effect was not seen due to the nature of transient transfection studies. Transfected Caco-2 cells contain multiple non-replicating episomal copies of the reporter constructs. Transiently transfected construc ...
Prostaglandin E2 Regulates the Level and Stability of
... activation. We explored a positive feedback, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-dependent stabilization of COX-2 mRNA mediated by the p38 MAPK cascade in IL-1-stimulated human synovial fibroblasts. We observed a rapid (5 min), massive (>30-fold), and sustained (>48 h) increase in COX-2 mRNA, protein, and PGE2 ...
... activation. We explored a positive feedback, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-dependent stabilization of COX-2 mRNA mediated by the p38 MAPK cascade in IL-1-stimulated human synovial fibroblasts. We observed a rapid (5 min), massive (>30-fold), and sustained (>48 h) increase in COX-2 mRNA, protein, and PGE2 ...