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LiNbO3 high-Speed optical FSK modulator
LiNbO3 high-Speed optical FSK modulator

Picosecond-pulse amplification with an external passive optical cavity
Picosecond-pulse amplification with an external passive optical cavity

... require pulse energies as high as several millijoules and would benefit from higher repetition rates. Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifiers are capable of generating high-repetition-rate pulse trains (250 kHz) with microjoule pulse energies.2 Alternatively, pulses with moderate energies have been obta ...
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Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through

... will provide a new way to study neural limits on spatial vision that are otherwise confounded with the eye’s optical blur. It may eventually lead to techniques to enhance visual performance beyond that provided by current spectacles and contact lenses. In addition, improving the eye’s optical qualit ...
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... macular degeneration [7–9]. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) has been demonstrated to increase after diets rich in zeaxanthin and lutein [10–16]. Measurements of MPOD as a function of age have been carried out using different techniques. Some studies using fundus reflectance spectroscopy found ...
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Phase change phenomena during high power laser

... laser fluences since evaporation occurs earlier at higher fluences. It can be seen that the plume generation time obtained in this experiment matches with that measured by the optical deflection technique during the velocity measurement. For certain laser intensity, the transmissivity of the plume d ...
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ORB: An On-chip Optical Ring Bus Communication Architecture for Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip

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... mechanically attached to it with a spacing of 30 mm. The diameter and thickness of the wafer were 50 mm and 350 µm, respectively. Pulsed electrical voltage of 8 kV with a pulse duration of 1 µs and repetition rate of 1 kHz was applied to the electrodes synchronously with the pump laser pulse. Regene ...
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... propagation loss, spatial mode profiles, and modal interference.3–8 The NSOM instrument used is an ␣-NSOM system from WiTec that is able to simultaneously measure light intensity and surface height. The system has a lateralscanning resolution of approximately 10 nm. It relies on a microfabricated ho ...
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Fourier-domain holography in photorefractive quantum-well films

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Vacuum-ultraviolet to infrared supercontinuum in hydrogen

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Focal shift of silicon microlen array in mid

... literature that studied this phenomenon in the mid-infrared (MIR), where the applied wavelength was about several times longer than visible counterparts. In this case these devices are more likely to be effected by near field diffraction and scattering, and lead to deterioration of focal properties ...
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Super-resolution microscopy

Super-resolution microscopy is a form of light microscopy. Due to the diffraction of light, the resolution of conventional light microscopy is limited as stated by Ernst Abbe in 1873. A good approximation of the resolution attainable is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the point spread function, and a precise widefield microscope with high numerical aperture and visible light usually reaches a resolution of ~250 nm.Super-resolution techniques allow the capture of images with a higher resolution than the diffraction limit. They fall into two broad categories, ""true"" super-resolution techniques, which capture information contained in evanescent waves, and ""functional"" super-resolution techniques, which use clever experimental techniques and known limitations on the matter being imaged to reconstruct a super-resolution image.True subwavelength imaging techniques include those that utilize the Pendry Superlens and near field scanning optical microscopy, the 4Pi Microscope and structured illumination microscopy technologies like SIM and SMI. However, the majority of techniques of importance in biological imaging fall into the functional category.There are two major groups of methods for functional super-resolution microscopy: Deterministic super-resolution: The most commonly used emitters in biological microscopy, fluorophores, show a nonlinear response to excitation, and this nonlinear response can be exploited to enhance resolution. These methods include STED, GSD, RESOLFT and SSIM. Stochastic super-resolution: The chemical complexity of many molecular light sources gives them a complex temporal behaviour, which can be used to make several close-by fluorophores emit light at separate times and thereby become resolvable in time. These methods include SOFI and all single-molecule localization methods (SMLM) such as SPDM, SPDMphymod, PALM, FPALM, STORM and dSTORM.On October 8th, 2014, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Eric Betzig, W.E. Moerner and Stefan Hell for ""the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy,"" which brings ""optical microscopy into the nanodimension"".
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