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Digital Radiographic Image Acquisition and Processing
Digital Radiographic Image Acquisition and Processing

Extreme pulse-front tilt from an etalon
Extreme pulse-front tilt from an etalon

Fabrication of concave silicon micro-mirrors
Fabrication of concave silicon micro-mirrors

Single photon detection based devices and techniques for pulsed
Single photon detection based devices and techniques for pulsed

PHOTONIC CRYSTALS WITH ACTIVE ORGANIC MATERIALS by
PHOTONIC CRYSTALS WITH ACTIVE ORGANIC MATERIALS by

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The effects of longitudinal chromatic aberration and a shift in the
The effects of longitudinal chromatic aberration and a shift in the

Optics and Quantum Electronics—J. G. Fujimoto, H. A. Haus, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kärtner
Optics and Quantum Electronics—J. G. Fujimoto, H. A. Haus, E. P. Ippen, F. X. Kärtner

Attosecond real time observation of ionization and electron
Attosecond real time observation of ionization and electron

... For many intra-atomic processes, femtosecond temporal resolution is not yet satisfactory. Attosecond science holds the promise to push the available temporal resolution by at least an order of magnitude and allows extending conventional ultrafast spectroscopy and strong-field coherent control from t ...
Liquid-crystal photonic applications
Liquid-crystal photonic applications

Development and Characterization of a 300mm Dual
Development and Characterization of a 300mm Dual

Ultrafast Optical Parametric Chirped
Ultrafast Optical Parametric Chirped

... curve (note that in the panels 3(a)–(c), θ has been set for optimum phase matching at 800 nm). The gain is highest at points, where the phase matching is optimized, which leads to a threepeak spectrum for this particular OPCPA system. The ability to tune both θ and α provides a high degree of contro ...
Fabrication and Nonlinear Refractive Index Measurement of
Fabrication and Nonlinear Refractive Index Measurement of

Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR)
Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR)

Nanomechanical Motion Transducers for Miniaturized
Nanomechanical Motion Transducers for Miniaturized

Nanomechanical Motion Transducers for Miniaturized
Nanomechanical Motion Transducers for Miniaturized

... tends to become less efficient at high frequencies. For instance, the thermal relaxation time for the silicon nanocantilever example of Section 1.2 is estimated to be ∼100 ns, suggesting that photothermal actuation would not generate sufficient force above 10 MHz for a structure like this. It is str ...
Medical applications of Terahertz Imaging: a Review of Current
Medical applications of Terahertz Imaging: a Review of Current

... radiation can be shaped into a beam that covers the whole sample at once and an array of detectors used, however this severely impinges on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A real-time THz imaging system can be realized using an electro-optic detector in conjunction with a CCD camera. Unfortunately, ...
Assessment of optical systems by means of point
Assessment of optical systems by means of point

... of the wavelength of the light. Interferometric methods are mostly used for this purpose. Although the achievable precision is very high, these methods need refined and delicate optical set-ups and, in practice, special laser sources to achieve sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. When a measurement at ...
Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy
Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy

... a concise description of the basic elements of a laser, its principle ...
Binocular Performance Index
Binocular Performance Index

... may exist, I have not seen any binoculars specified as diffraction limited. Therefore, it might be expected that most if not all binoculars would never be able to reach these limits. It is reasonable to expect that the scopes used for comparison would be able to achieve slightly better results, and ...
development of fourier domain optical coherence
development of fourier domain optical coherence

... contributes to the success of studies in developmental biology is the technology that is available for use. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one such technology. OCT fills a niche between the high resolution of confocal microscopy and deep imaging penetration of ultrasound. Developmental studie ...
1.5 MB
1.5 MB

... adjustment of the interferometric system, otherwise the results are ambiguous. Two methods based on the same concept (Fig. 3) were proposed for determining the vortex sign in the vortex lattice created in optical vortex interferometer [23, 24]. In the present paper the same basic idea is used. Figur ...
Distributed Temperature Sensing Using Stimulated
Distributed Temperature Sensing Using Stimulated

... particularly with development of fiber-grating-fabrication techniques [1], [2]. Based on a coherent scattering mechanism, the fiber gratings can be used as in-fiber reflector or filter for fiber-optic communications and sensors. It is well known that fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) introduce a contradir ...
Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensors and Fiber-Optic Bio-Sensors
Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensors and Fiber-Optic Bio-Sensors

Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy
Laser Sources for Confocal Microscopy

Coherent x-rays: overview
Coherent x-rays: overview

... • In the future the ESRF scientific program will make increasing use of the coherence properties of the x-ray beams • I have been asked to organize a program of lectures that will provide explanations and information about coherence experiments to a wide cross section of the ESRF scientific and tech ...
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Super-resolution microscopy

Super-resolution microscopy is a form of light microscopy. Due to the diffraction of light, the resolution of conventional light microscopy is limited as stated by Ernst Abbe in 1873. A good approximation of the resolution attainable is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the point spread function, and a precise widefield microscope with high numerical aperture and visible light usually reaches a resolution of ~250 nm.Super-resolution techniques allow the capture of images with a higher resolution than the diffraction limit. They fall into two broad categories, ""true"" super-resolution techniques, which capture information contained in evanescent waves, and ""functional"" super-resolution techniques, which use clever experimental techniques and known limitations on the matter being imaged to reconstruct a super-resolution image.True subwavelength imaging techniques include those that utilize the Pendry Superlens and near field scanning optical microscopy, the 4Pi Microscope and structured illumination microscopy technologies like SIM and SMI. However, the majority of techniques of importance in biological imaging fall into the functional category.There are two major groups of methods for functional super-resolution microscopy: Deterministic super-resolution: The most commonly used emitters in biological microscopy, fluorophores, show a nonlinear response to excitation, and this nonlinear response can be exploited to enhance resolution. These methods include STED, GSD, RESOLFT and SSIM. Stochastic super-resolution: The chemical complexity of many molecular light sources gives them a complex temporal behaviour, which can be used to make several close-by fluorophores emit light at separate times and thereby become resolvable in time. These methods include SOFI and all single-molecule localization methods (SMLM) such as SPDM, SPDMphymod, PALM, FPALM, STORM and dSTORM.On October 8th, 2014, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Eric Betzig, W.E. Moerner and Stefan Hell for ""the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy,"" which brings ""optical microscopy into the nanodimension"".
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