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Processing of Graphene combining Optical Detection and Scanning
Processing of Graphene combining Optical Detection and Scanning

... information of the robotic fine positioning stage. Therefore, two calibration procedures are mandatory. On the one hand, image pixel coordinates need to be converted into position sensor data using triangulation. On the other hand, the position of the tip of the cantilever needs to be detected withi ...
Limits of lithography - Proceedings of the IEEE
Limits of lithography - Proceedings of the IEEE

Sparse synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (S
Sparse synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (S

... achieve a compact sized system or vice versa. Therefore, the desire to achieve ultra-fine angular resolution in conventional imaging systems demands a relatively large aperture size, which might become challenging in terms of weight, structure stability and cost. The optical synthetic aperture (SA) ...
Reference Guide to Fiber Optic Testing Glossary Reference Guide to Fib
Reference Guide to Fiber Optic Testing Glossary Reference Guide to Fib

Theory of the transmission properties of an optical far-field superlens
Theory of the transmission properties of an optical far-field superlens

Multiple-image digital photography
Multiple-image digital photography

... [Devaney 2005] ...
Biomedical Optical Imaging
Biomedical Optical Imaging

Optical Resonators and Mode Matching
Optical Resonators and Mode Matching

Novel Approach to the Study of Surface Plasmon Resonance and
Novel Approach to the Study of Surface Plasmon Resonance and

... A spheroid is a quadric surface in three dimensions obtained by rotating an ellipse about one of its principal axes. Three particular cases of a spheroid are: 1) the ellipse is rotated about its major axis, the surface is a prolate spheroid; 2) the ellipse is rotated about its minor axis, the surfac ...
EXPERIMENT 06 Helium Neon Laser
EXPERIMENT 06 Helium Neon Laser

... below the 3s level of the neon. However, the additional thermal energy kT is sufficient to overcome this gap. As already mentioned, the lifetime of the s-states of the neon are approximately 10 times longer as those of the pstates. An immediate population inversion between the 3s and the 2p levels w ...
PASSION FOR PRECISION
PASSION FOR PRECISION

Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications
Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications

... When an acoustic wave propagates in an optically transparent medium, it produces a periodic modulation of the index of refraction via the elasto-optical effect. This provides a moving phase grating which may diffract portions of an incident light into one or more directions. This phenomenon, known a ...
Technical Digest Post-Deadline Papers
Technical Digest Post-Deadline Papers

... optical pickup is shown in Fig. 1. A focusing lens, a grating, and a reflector are attached in the return path from a multilayer disc to a normal pickup. The reflection from the multi-layer disc including the stray light is focused on to the reflector situated at the focal position of the focusing l ...
Coherent population trapping resonances at lower atomic
Coherent population trapping resonances at lower atomic

... beam with the stabilised frequency w1 = n33 effectively interacts with pump radiation only via the single common group of atoms, whose velocity projections are close to the zero value. Thus, the sole L-system 6S1/2(F = 3) – 6P3/2(F¢ = 3) – 6S1/2(F = 4) mainly contributes to the CPT resonance in abso ...
Optical Breakdown in Liquid Suspensions and Its Analytical
Optical Breakdown in Liquid Suspensions and Its Analytical

Experimental methods of molecular matter
Experimental methods of molecular matter

Full width at half maximum (FWHM) analysis of solitonic pulse
Full width at half maximum (FWHM) analysis of solitonic pulse

... geometries for useful functions in areas such as optical communication [3, 4], signal processing in the nanoscale regime [5]. Its nonlinear phase response can also be readily incorporated into an interferometer system to produce a specific intensity output function [6, 7]. One interesting result eme ...
Quantitative spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging
Quantitative spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging

Theory of optical pulse propagation, dispersive and nonlinear effects
Theory of optical pulse propagation, dispersive and nonlinear effects

Construction of a Fermi Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms
Construction of a Fermi Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms

Measuring amplitude and phase in optical fields with
Measuring amplitude and phase in optical fields with

... fields. In scanning near-field optical microscopy, the field generated by an object, especially by sub-wavelength objects, is different from the object itself. In general, rigorous diffraction theory is needed to estimate the geometrical parameters of the object under investigation. To characterize ...


Light at work: The use of optical forces for particle manipulation
Light at work: The use of optical forces for particle manipulation

An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments
An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments

Modeling Light Scattering in Tissue as Continuous Random Media
Modeling Light Scattering in Tissue as Continuous Random Media

... systems poses a challenge to studying length scales less than the diffraction limit (about half the wavelength). Some very clever techniques have been developed to sidestep this issue, including STED, STORM, and other super resolution methods [1]. These methods enable imaging or reconstruction of ex ...
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Super-resolution microscopy

Super-resolution microscopy is a form of light microscopy. Due to the diffraction of light, the resolution of conventional light microscopy is limited as stated by Ernst Abbe in 1873. A good approximation of the resolution attainable is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the point spread function, and a precise widefield microscope with high numerical aperture and visible light usually reaches a resolution of ~250 nm.Super-resolution techniques allow the capture of images with a higher resolution than the diffraction limit. They fall into two broad categories, ""true"" super-resolution techniques, which capture information contained in evanescent waves, and ""functional"" super-resolution techniques, which use clever experimental techniques and known limitations on the matter being imaged to reconstruct a super-resolution image.True subwavelength imaging techniques include those that utilize the Pendry Superlens and near field scanning optical microscopy, the 4Pi Microscope and structured illumination microscopy technologies like SIM and SMI. However, the majority of techniques of importance in biological imaging fall into the functional category.There are two major groups of methods for functional super-resolution microscopy: Deterministic super-resolution: The most commonly used emitters in biological microscopy, fluorophores, show a nonlinear response to excitation, and this nonlinear response can be exploited to enhance resolution. These methods include STED, GSD, RESOLFT and SSIM. Stochastic super-resolution: The chemical complexity of many molecular light sources gives them a complex temporal behaviour, which can be used to make several close-by fluorophores emit light at separate times and thereby become resolvable in time. These methods include SOFI and all single-molecule localization methods (SMLM) such as SPDM, SPDMphymod, PALM, FPALM, STORM and dSTORM.On October 8th, 2014, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Eric Betzig, W.E. Moerner and Stefan Hell for ""the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy,"" which brings ""optical microscopy into the nanodimension"".
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