Auditory Brain Development in Children with Hearing Loss – Part Two
... ings over the past 15 years, with some indicating activity in the area (PLoS One. 2013;8[4]:e60093). Neurons in the secondary secondary auditory cortex in response to tactile stimulation as auditory area that responded to visual stimuli did not respond to well (Brain Res Rev. 2007;56[1]:259). The ac ...
... ings over the past 15 years, with some indicating activity in the area (PLoS One. 2013;8[4]:e60093). Neurons in the secondary secondary auditory cortex in response to tactile stimulation as auditory area that responded to visual stimuli did not respond to well (Brain Res Rev. 2007;56[1]:259). The ac ...
Functional Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex
... histograms for units recorded on neighbouring probe sites to ensure that responses on each recording site represented independent units. All data presented are from units whose spike counts following the stimulus were significantly different from the spike counts in windows of the same duration just ...
... histograms for units recorded on neighbouring probe sites to ensure that responses on each recording site represented independent units. All data presented are from units whose spike counts following the stimulus were significantly different from the spike counts in windows of the same duration just ...
Signals and circuits in the Purkinje neuron NEURAL CIRCUITS Ze’ev R. Abrams
... systems to analyze the Purkinje system at the circuit level. We use Fourier transforms to analyze and isolate the inherent frequency modes in the PN and define three unique frequency ranges associated with the cells’ output. Comparing the PN to a signal generator that can be externally modulated adds ...
... systems to analyze the Purkinje system at the circuit level. We use Fourier transforms to analyze and isolate the inherent frequency modes in the PN and define three unique frequency ranges associated with the cells’ output. Comparing the PN to a signal generator that can be externally modulated adds ...
Corticofugal Modulation of Initial Sound
... ance separated by 100 m were connected to the TDT 16-channel the entire recording session. Single-unit responses to a series of tone preamplifier of the recording system and dorsoventrally advanced bursts were eventually displayed by dot rasters or peristimulus time hisinto the CN. During the elect ...
... ance separated by 100 m were connected to the TDT 16-channel the entire recording session. Single-unit responses to a series of tone preamplifier of the recording system and dorsoventrally advanced bursts were eventually displayed by dot rasters or peristimulus time hisinto the CN. During the elect ...
Analogues of simple and complex cells in rhesus monkey auditory
... first sight, more plain than those of type-S cells, two additional measures point to the fact that type-C cells (like complex cells in the visual cortex) are actually at a hierarchically higher processing level. One of these measures is excitatory tuning range (ETR) of the cells. Fig. 5 demonstrates ...
... first sight, more plain than those of type-S cells, two additional measures point to the fact that type-C cells (like complex cells in the visual cortex) are actually at a hierarchically higher processing level. One of these measures is excitatory tuning range (ETR) of the cells. Fig. 5 demonstrates ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... overall levels required to reach threshold were higher for focused stimulation than for monopolar stimulation, focused stimulation significantly reduced the interaction between electrodes. This is psychophysical evidence that current spread can be substantially reduced with focused stimulation. Such ...
... overall levels required to reach threshold were higher for focused stimulation than for monopolar stimulation, focused stimulation significantly reduced the interaction between electrodes. This is psychophysical evidence that current spread can be substantially reduced with focused stimulation. Such ...
Shapes and Level Tolerances of Frequency Tuning Curves in
... that constancy in frequency selectivity across intensity (called “level tolerance”) is essential for information processing in echolocating mustached bats. Despite the importance of intensity invariant processing in auditory perception, very little is known about the neurophysiology underlying it. T ...
... that constancy in frequency selectivity across intensity (called “level tolerance”) is essential for information processing in echolocating mustached bats. Despite the importance of intensity invariant processing in auditory perception, very little is known about the neurophysiology underlying it. T ...
Frequency-Dependent Processing in the Vibrissa Sensory System
... FIG. 1. Vibrissa stimulation frequency influences thalamic and cortical response properties. A: (left) when rats are in a quiescent or resting state, their vibrissae are typically still. Right: in contrast, when actively exploring their environment, vibrissae are “whisked” at a rate between ⬃4 and 1 ...
... FIG. 1. Vibrissa stimulation frequency influences thalamic and cortical response properties. A: (left) when rats are in a quiescent or resting state, their vibrissae are typically still. Right: in contrast, when actively exploring their environment, vibrissae are “whisked” at a rate between ⬃4 and 1 ...
Ear [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara
... [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara Davis, Instructor, Biology, speaking] Welcome to the sensory lab. In this video we’ll be looking at the ear. The outside portion of the ear is called the auricle. The opening into the external auditory canal is called the external auditory m ...
... [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara Davis, Instructor, Biology, speaking] Welcome to the sensory lab. In this video we’ll be looking at the ear. The outside portion of the ear is called the auricle. The opening into the external auditory canal is called the external auditory m ...
Poulet etal - Cornell University
... 1950; von Holst and Mittelstaedt 1950). More recently, these terms have been refined so that motor to sensory discharges indicate corollary discharge signals; whereas an efference copy is compared with the actual sensory feedback and represents an accurate negative image of the reafferent information ( ...
... 1950; von Holst and Mittelstaedt 1950). More recently, these terms have been refined so that motor to sensory discharges indicate corollary discharge signals; whereas an efference copy is compared with the actual sensory feedback and represents an accurate negative image of the reafferent information ( ...
Vocal communication in frogs
... frogs, however, the diminution of sound with distance provides some assistance. Localization can also be assisted by visual signals (see above) and involves inhibitory neural circuitry (see below). The story is quite different for frogs that communicate under water, specifically clawed frogs, which ...
... frogs, however, the diminution of sound with distance provides some assistance. Localization can also be assisted by visual signals (see above) and involves inhibitory neural circuitry (see below). The story is quite different for frogs that communicate under water, specifically clawed frogs, which ...
found that in flight, 3D hippocampal place cells had nearly spherical
... kingdom. Several navigational strategies are used by animals, among them maplike navigation (1). This strategy relies on a set of brain structures, at the hub of which is the hippocampus (1, 2). This brain area contains “place cells,” neurons that activate when the animal enters a restricted region ...
... kingdom. Several navigational strategies are used by animals, among them maplike navigation (1). This strategy relies on a set of brain structures, at the hub of which is the hippocampus (1, 2). This brain area contains “place cells,” neurons that activate when the animal enters a restricted region ...
Somatosensory Substrates of Flight Control in Bats
... is unmatched by gliding mammals and existing aircraft technologies. Bat wings have evolved not only for flight, like avian wings, but also for object manipulation, such as pup handling and capturing insects. This range of functions is possible because bat wings have more than 20 degrees of freedom i ...
... is unmatched by gliding mammals and existing aircraft technologies. Bat wings have evolved not only for flight, like avian wings, but also for object manipulation, such as pup handling and capturing insects. This range of functions is possible because bat wings have more than 20 degrees of freedom i ...
Action Representation in Mirror Neurons
... and subcortical centers, including the superior temporal sulcus region (6–8), the ventral premotor cortex (9–14), and the superior colliculus (15). These neurons, however, responded to specific stimulus locations or directions of movement. The difference with the neurons described here is that they ...
... and subcortical centers, including the superior temporal sulcus region (6–8), the ventral premotor cortex (9–14), and the superior colliculus (15). These neurons, however, responded to specific stimulus locations or directions of movement. The difference with the neurons described here is that they ...
Species-Recognition in the Field Cricket
... cy band devoted to social communication is only a narrow one considered in light of the insect's auditory capabilities. Figure 2 shows a frequency range from zero Hz to 100,000 Hz—from infrasound to ultrasound. Crickets are sensitive over a good part of this range; compare this with the auditory sen ...
... cy band devoted to social communication is only a narrow one considered in light of the insect's auditory capabilities. Figure 2 shows a frequency range from zero Hz to 100,000 Hz—from infrasound to ultrasound. Crickets are sensitive over a good part of this range; compare this with the auditory sen ...
download file
... the closest sampled penetration. Hatched polygons designate sites with BFs within one-third of an octave of 9 kHz, illustrating a typical isofrequency band. Penetrations that were either not responsive to tones (O) or did not meet the criteria of A1 responses (X) were used to determine the borders o ...
... the closest sampled penetration. Hatched polygons designate sites with BFs within one-third of an octave of 9 kHz, illustrating a typical isofrequency band. Penetrations that were either not responsive to tones (O) or did not meet the criteria of A1 responses (X) were used to determine the borders o ...
OIMB GK12 Curriculum CETACEAN INTRODUCTION AND
... tube worms living in the bottom sediment. Toothed whales use their teeth to help capture prey, but generally swallow their prey whole (fish and squid). Because prey of toothed whales is often larger and more mobile, their feeding often requires more co-operation and learning. This might be one reaso ...
... tube worms living in the bottom sediment. Toothed whales use their teeth to help capture prey, but generally swallow their prey whole (fish and squid). Because prey of toothed whales is often larger and more mobile, their feeding often requires more co-operation and learning. This might be one reaso ...
Objective cortical evaluation of infants wearing hearing aids Harvey
... evoked by speech sounds at conversational levels in the free field while the infant wears hearing aids or cochlear implant(s). The presence of a response indicates that neural signals initiated by the stimulus have progressed through the device and auditory system at least to the primary auditory co ...
... evoked by speech sounds at conversational levels in the free field while the infant wears hearing aids or cochlear implant(s). The presence of a response indicates that neural signals initiated by the stimulus have progressed through the device and auditory system at least to the primary auditory co ...
Reproduction: Cetaceans.
... Long gestation (typically about 1 year); Long birth interval (at least one year, but may be much longer for some odontocetes); Often closely linked to seasonal migratory patterns; Parental care entirely maternal; Delayed implantation does not occur. ...
... Long gestation (typically about 1 year); Long birth interval (at least one year, but may be much longer for some odontocetes); Often closely linked to seasonal migratory patterns; Parental care entirely maternal; Delayed implantation does not occur. ...
Douglas B. Webster and Molly Webster
... His work suggested that conductive hearing loss in human infants would lead to maldevelopment of both the auditory and speech systems. * Subsequent studies by many authors continue to support the notion that middle ear disease, as well as congenital hearing loss, have significant effects on the orga ...
... His work suggested that conductive hearing loss in human infants would lead to maldevelopment of both the auditory and speech systems. * Subsequent studies by many authors continue to support the notion that middle ear disease, as well as congenital hearing loss, have significant effects on the orga ...
25. Organ of balance and hearing
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
Cochlea and Auditory Pathways
... firing and the frequency of their action potentials. Increased volume (amplitude) will result in greater excursion of the basilar membrane, greater displacement of cilia, greater depolarization of receptor cells, and higher frequencies of action potentials in more cochlear nerve axons (whatever the ...
... firing and the frequency of their action potentials. Increased volume (amplitude) will result in greater excursion of the basilar membrane, greater displacement of cilia, greater depolarization of receptor cells, and higher frequencies of action potentials in more cochlear nerve axons (whatever the ...
34. Organ of balance and hearing
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
... other acoustic properties Sound waves must be of sufficient amplitude to move the tympanic membrane and have a frequency capable of stimulating the hair cells in the organ of Corti (spiral organ) (Figure 15-13) Basilar membrane width and thickness varies throughout its length High-frequency so ...
The Outer (External) Ear
... High frequencies cause a response at the larger end of the cochlea. ...
... High frequencies cause a response at the larger end of the cochlea. ...
Animal echolocation
Echolocation, also called bio sonar, is the biological sonar used by several kinds of animals. Echolocating animals emit calls out to the environment and listen to the echoes of those calls that return from various objects near them. They use these echoes to locate and identify the objects. Echolocation is used for navigation and for foraging (or hunting) in various environments. Some blind humans have learned to find their way using clicks produced by a device or by mouth.Echolocating animals include some mammals and a few birds; most notably microchiropteran bats and odontocetes (toothed whales and dolphins), but also in simpler form in other groups such as shrews, one genus of megachiropteran bats (Rousettus) and two cave dwelling bird groups, the so-called cave swiftlets in the genus Aerodramus (formerly Collocalia) and the unrelated Oilbird Steatornis caripensis.