Identification of Mechanoafferent Neurons in Terrestrial Snail
... To identify the individual receptive fields, PlVL neurons were impaled one after another in the same CNS-foot preparation, and receptive fields of each neuron were delineated by applying mechanical stimuli to sites over entire body surface. We found that each neuron had an oval-like shaped receptive ...
... To identify the individual receptive fields, PlVL neurons were impaled one after another in the same CNS-foot preparation, and receptive fields of each neuron were delineated by applying mechanical stimuli to sites over entire body surface. We found that each neuron had an oval-like shaped receptive ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
... of this paper, each hemisphere of the primate cortex seems to be divided into something of the order of a hundred areas each with a specialized role. There are, of course, species differences ~, but the general m a p and often m a n y of its details are roughly homologous for most species. Tracing p ...
... of this paper, each hemisphere of the primate cortex seems to be divided into something of the order of a hundred areas each with a specialized role. There are, of course, species differences ~, but the general m a p and often m a n y of its details are roughly homologous for most species. Tracing p ...
Comparing neuronal and behavioral thresholds
... are tuned for spiral direction [2,3], in a similar manner as middle temporal neurons are tuned for the direction of linear motion [4]. These neurons may play an important role in optic flow perception [5]. They can encode expanding and contracting spirals with similar accuracy as the animals [6]. It ...
... are tuned for spiral direction [2,3], in a similar manner as middle temporal neurons are tuned for the direction of linear motion [4]. These neurons may play an important role in optic flow perception [5]. They can encode expanding and contracting spirals with similar accuracy as the animals [6]. It ...
Communication as an emergent metaphor for neuronal operation
... We think that the brain functioning is best described in terms of non-linear dynamics but this means that processing of information is equivalent to some form of temporal evolution of activity. The latter however may depend crucially on geometric properties of neurons as these properties obviously i ...
... We think that the brain functioning is best described in terms of non-linear dynamics but this means that processing of information is equivalent to some form of temporal evolution of activity. The latter however may depend crucially on geometric properties of neurons as these properties obviously i ...
PDF file
... neurons in the same layer. The output of neuron A is used to inhibit the output of neuron B, which shares a part of the input field with A, totally or partially. As an example shown in Fig.6, the neighborhood of lateral inhibition contains (2h−1)×(2h−1) neurons, because neuron (i, j) and (i, j −h) do ...
... neurons in the same layer. The output of neuron A is used to inhibit the output of neuron B, which shares a part of the input field with A, totally or partially. As an example shown in Fig.6, the neighborhood of lateral inhibition contains (2h−1)×(2h−1) neurons, because neuron (i, j) and (i, j −h) do ...
Self-images in the video monitor coded by monkey intraparietal
... receptive field defined as a territory in the space where a neuron responded to the moving visual stimuli. Tooluse induced an expansion of the visual receptive field only when monkeys intended to use tools to retrieve distant objects, but the modification was never induced when just holding it as an ...
... receptive field defined as a territory in the space where a neuron responded to the moving visual stimuli. Tooluse induced an expansion of the visual receptive field only when monkeys intended to use tools to retrieve distant objects, but the modification was never induced when just holding it as an ...
Transformation from temporal to rate coding in a somatosensory
... other ®ndings10. However, steady-state latencies of the paralemniscal pathway increased with increasing stimulus frequency (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets; see also ref. 3). For both pathways, the magnitude of the steady-state responses (measured by the PSTH area, that is, spike counts per cy ...
... other ®ndings10. However, steady-state latencies of the paralemniscal pathway increased with increasing stimulus frequency (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets; see also ref. 3). For both pathways, the magnitude of the steady-state responses (measured by the PSTH area, that is, spike counts per cy ...
What does the eye tell the brain? Development of a system for the large-scale recording of retinal output activity
... Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TNS.2004.832706 ...
... Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TNS.2004.832706 ...
Sensory feedback for upper limb prostheses
... be a set of vibrators located on the forearm or back. Activating different combinations of vibrators are then discriminated as different components of the sensory input (see Jones, 2011). This approach is limited by the number of independent signals that can be processed and perceived by user. The t ...
... be a set of vibrators located on the forearm or back. Activating different combinations of vibrators are then discriminated as different components of the sensory input (see Jones, 2011). This approach is limited by the number of independent signals that can be processed and perceived by user. The t ...
Integrated model of visual processing
... representation. The primal sketch corresponds to a local and 2D analysis of luminance borders. The next level is the 2 1 / 2 D sketch that encodes the position and orientation in depth of small surface elements in 3D and the final stage is the 3D representation that corresponds to the representation ...
... representation. The primal sketch corresponds to a local and 2D analysis of luminance borders. The next level is the 2 1 / 2 D sketch that encodes the position and orientation in depth of small surface elements in 3D and the final stage is the 3D representation that corresponds to the representation ...
Sensory signals during active versus passive movement
... distinction is essential both for our perceptual stability and for spatial orientation and the construction of neural representations of the environment to guide behavior accurately. When we make eye movements, for example, the world moves across our retinas, but we do not perceive the world as movi ...
... distinction is essential both for our perceptual stability and for spatial orientation and the construction of neural representations of the environment to guide behavior accurately. When we make eye movements, for example, the world moves across our retinas, but we do not perceive the world as movi ...
Visuomotor neurons: ambiguity of the discharge or `motor` perception?
... receptive fields move with the eyes Žretinotopic code. or if they remain anchored to the body part from which they originate Žsomatocentric code.. In the first condition ŽA1. the monkey is looking straight ahead Žthe asterisk on the picture represent the fixation point. and an approaching stimulus Ž ...
... receptive fields move with the eyes Žretinotopic code. or if they remain anchored to the body part from which they originate Žsomatocentric code.. In the first condition ŽA1. the monkey is looking straight ahead Žthe asterisk on the picture represent the fixation point. and an approaching stimulus Ž ...
Neural ensemble coding and statistical periodicity: Speculations on
... located in the inferior temporal cortex. The stimulus set was based on 64 Walsh functions which can be used to represented any visual pattern. They observed that the neuron exhibited a unique response to each Walsh function, but that the response was not represented by a change in spike count alone. ...
... located in the inferior temporal cortex. The stimulus set was based on 64 Walsh functions which can be used to represented any visual pattern. They observed that the neuron exhibited a unique response to each Walsh function, but that the response was not represented by a change in spike count alone. ...
pdf file. - Harvard Vision Lab
... field10–12. In the frontal eye field, neurons use corollary discharge to shift their visual receptive fields spatially before saccades14,15. We tested the hypothesis that these two components—a pathway for corollary discharge and neurons with shifting receptive fields—form a circuit in which the cor ...
... field10–12. In the frontal eye field, neurons use corollary discharge to shift their visual receptive fields spatially before saccades14,15. We tested the hypothesis that these two components—a pathway for corollary discharge and neurons with shifting receptive fields—form a circuit in which the cor ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... done over s (such as computing the probable time and position of impact of a rapidly approaching object), it is best to preserve the probability density and to do the computations over it in its entirety (as is common in Bayesian settings10,11). Often, however, we need a single value or estimate of ...
... done over s (such as computing the probable time and position of impact of a rapidly approaching object), it is best to preserve the probability density and to do the computations over it in its entirety (as is common in Bayesian settings10,11). Often, however, we need a single value or estimate of ...
A proposed common neural mechanism for categorization and
... generic. Other groups have also reported categorical signals in LIP that are independent of planned movements or visuospatial factors, such as cognitive set signals related to the particular rule required to carry out a task26,27. A generic categorical representation is reminiscent of the reportinde ...
... generic. Other groups have also reported categorical signals in LIP that are independent of planned movements or visuospatial factors, such as cognitive set signals related to the particular rule required to carry out a task26,27. A generic categorical representation is reminiscent of the reportinde ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... later on. Moreover, the degradation is not as large as predicted by a binaural processing model [9] based upon the average interaural cross-correlation over the entire stimulus duration. Neurons whose temporal response patterns are most onset-dominated tend to have the most robust responses in rever ...
... later on. Moreover, the degradation is not as large as predicted by a binaural processing model [9] based upon the average interaural cross-correlation over the entire stimulus duration. Neurons whose temporal response patterns are most onset-dominated tend to have the most robust responses in rever ...
Interfacing Real-Time Spiking I/O with the SpiNNaker neuromimetic
... Kephera robot [3], where after some training the controlling neural network demonstrated object avoidance. In this Kephera study a NIOS 16-bit processor implemented on an FPGA was used both to mediate between real world sensors and actuators, and to implement the neural network cells. In a similar w ...
... Kephera robot [3], where after some training the controlling neural network demonstrated object avoidance. In this Kephera study a NIOS 16-bit processor implemented on an FPGA was used both to mediate between real world sensors and actuators, and to implement the neural network cells. In a similar w ...
Instrumental Conditioning Driven by Apparently Neutral Stimuli: A
... both biologically plausible, and capable of being embedded in autonomous agents tackling realistic scenarios. The rationale for embedding our models in realistic autonomous agents is that it forces us to design systems that have all the components that are necessary for functioning correctly while i ...
... both biologically plausible, and capable of being embedded in autonomous agents tackling realistic scenarios. The rationale for embedding our models in realistic autonomous agents is that it forces us to design systems that have all the components that are necessary for functioning correctly while i ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
... information processing by the brain. A paradigmatic example is provided by the ver tebrate visual system where numerous cortical areas have been described which anal yse different types of visual information. At present, it is unclear how information can be integrated and how coherent representati ...
... information processing by the brain. A paradigmatic example is provided by the ver tebrate visual system where numerous cortical areas have been described which anal yse different types of visual information. At present, it is unclear how information can be integrated and how coherent representati ...
Cortical mechanisms of sensory learning and object recognition
... below reflects the relative change in firing rate for a given neuron that is elicited by the stimuli depicted above. The neuron leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morp ...
... below reflects the relative change in firing rate for a given neuron that is elicited by the stimuli depicted above. The neuron leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morp ...
Harris KD. Neural signatures of cell assembly organization. Nat Rev
... to two animals, and a sensory responsive neuron was recorded from each animal. Because there is no causal influence from one brain to the other, the response of two neurons recorded in the two brains will be independent, for any given stimulus presentation (conditional independence). Nevertheless, b ...
... to two animals, and a sensory responsive neuron was recorded from each animal. Because there is no causal influence from one brain to the other, the response of two neurons recorded in the two brains will be independent, for any given stimulus presentation (conditional independence). Nevertheless, b ...
retina - Bakersfield College
... • In lower layer IV of the striate cortex, neurons with circular receptive fields (as in retinal ganglion cells and LGN) are rare • Most neurons in V1 are either – Simple – receptive fields are rectangular with “on” and “off” regions, or – Complex – also rectangular, larger receptive fields, respond ...
... • In lower layer IV of the striate cortex, neurons with circular receptive fields (as in retinal ganglion cells and LGN) are rare • Most neurons in V1 are either – Simple – receptive fields are rectangular with “on” and “off” regions, or – Complex – also rectangular, larger receptive fields, respond ...
EN Sokolov`s Neural Model of Stimuli as Neuro
... and react to certain physical impacts of stimuli as signals. Receptors are in turn associated with selective detectors – neurons selectively responding to certain stimuli – and this connection can be either direct or, as shown, mediated by the predetectors. Selective detectors operate by the followi ...
... and react to certain physical impacts of stimuli as signals. Receptors are in turn associated with selective detectors – neurons selectively responding to certain stimuli – and this connection can be either direct or, as shown, mediated by the predetectors. Selective detectors operate by the followi ...
moth`s nervous system - Wageningen UR E
... £10,£12,Z14-16:AL input channel and do not respond differently when the complete, natural blend is presented to the antenna. These cells may therefore be involved in mediating general arousal in response to sex pheromone but apparently do not contribute to species recognition. In contrast, we refer ...
... £10,£12,Z14-16:AL input channel and do not respond differently when the complete, natural blend is presented to the antenna. These cells may therefore be involved in mediating general arousal in response to sex pheromone but apparently do not contribute to species recognition. In contrast, we refer ...
Efficient coding hypothesis
The efficient coding hypothesis was proposed by Horace Barlow in 1961 as a theoretical model of sensory coding in the brain. Within the brain, neurons often communicate with one another by sending electrical impulses referred to as action potentials or spikes. One goal of sensory neuroscience is to decipher the meaning of these spikes in order to understand how the brain represents and processes information about the outside world. Barlow hypothesized that the spikes in the sensory system formed a neural code for efficiently representing sensory information. By efficient Barlow meant that the code minimized the number of spikes needed to transmit a given signal. This is somewhat analogous to transmitting information across the internet, where different file formats can be used to transmit a given image. Different file formats require different number of bits for representing the same image at given distortion level, and some are better suited for representing certain classes of images than others. According to this model, the brain is thought to use a code which is suited for representing visual and audio information representative of an organism's natural environment.