Tsutsui (2004) Neural mechanisms of three
... neurons in the occipital cortex are involved in low-level disparity detection within their relatively small receptive fields, CIP neurons may be involved in high-level computation of the 3D orientation of a relatively wide surface, based on disparity information that comes up from the occipital cort ...
... neurons in the occipital cortex are involved in low-level disparity detection within their relatively small receptive fields, CIP neurons may be involved in high-level computation of the 3D orientation of a relatively wide surface, based on disparity information that comes up from the occipital cort ...
Hello. I`m Michael Farries, a graduate student of David Perkel. I have
... pallium is extremely contentious, there has been general agreement that the basal ganglia (BG) can be more easily compared, and thus a homology-based system of nomenclature for the avian BG is within reach. Since there has been disagreement about virtually every other aspect of the nomenclature, it’ ...
... pallium is extremely contentious, there has been general agreement that the basal ganglia (BG) can be more easily compared, and thus a homology-based system of nomenclature for the avian BG is within reach. Since there has been disagreement about virtually every other aspect of the nomenclature, it’ ...
Remapping of Border Ownership in the Visual Cortex
... All but one of these were assigned to area V2, the other to V1. Note, however, that some of our recordings were close to the V1/V2 border, in which the assignment can be in error. We mainly studied cells that were border-ownership selective, as determined by the standard test using a significance cr ...
... All but one of these were assigned to area V2, the other to V1. Note, however, that some of our recordings were close to the V1/V2 border, in which the assignment can be in error. We mainly studied cells that were border-ownership selective, as determined by the standard test using a significance cr ...
Spatial Responsiveness of Monkey Hippocampal Neurons to
... of the monkey to its right and was hidden by a wing of the apparatus. In this situation, various visual and auditory stimuli were presented to the monkey from several directions. Many different objects chosen from a pool of about 1,000, as well as some parts of the human body, were used as visual st ...
... of the monkey to its right and was hidden by a wing of the apparatus. In this situation, various visual and auditory stimuli were presented to the monkey from several directions. Many different objects chosen from a pool of about 1,000, as well as some parts of the human body, were used as visual st ...
Saccadic Eye Movements Modulate Visual Responses in the Lateral
... eye movements. We first asked whether this tendency was related to cell type. The LGN contains at least two processing streams: the parvocellular system, whose neurons have small receptive fields and are color selective, and the magnocellular system, whose neurons have larger receptive fields, are n ...
... eye movements. We first asked whether this tendency was related to cell type. The LGN contains at least two processing streams: the parvocellular system, whose neurons have small receptive fields and are color selective, and the magnocellular system, whose neurons have larger receptive fields, are n ...
~ Pergamon
... dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase-positive neurons in structurally and functionally distinct prefrontal cortices in the rhesus monkey. This class of neurons express nitric oxide synthase which is necessary for the production of nitric oxide, a novel neural messenger implicated in learning and memory ...
... dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase-positive neurons in structurally and functionally distinct prefrontal cortices in the rhesus monkey. This class of neurons express nitric oxide synthase which is necessary for the production of nitric oxide, a novel neural messenger implicated in learning and memory ...
Stereoscopic Mechanisms in Monkey Visual Cortex: Binocular
... The brain utilizes the signalsfrom the 2 eyes to recover the relative depth of objects.Wheatstone (1838) first demonstrated that a difference, or disparity, in the relative horizontal position of the object’s imagesin the 2 eyescan generatean impression of depth and solidity. Julesz(1960, 1971)later ...
... The brain utilizes the signalsfrom the 2 eyes to recover the relative depth of objects.Wheatstone (1838) first demonstrated that a difference, or disparity, in the relative horizontal position of the object’s imagesin the 2 eyescan generatean impression of depth and solidity. Julesz(1960, 1971)later ...
Neural Correlates for Perception of 3D Surface Orientation from
... (Fig. 4C), suggesting that ANC-1 does not require UNC-84 to anchor mitochondria as it does for nuclear anchorage. Our model (fig. S4) suggests that ANC-1 functions to anchor nuclei by tethering the nucleus to the actin cytoskeleton and predicts that the KASH domain of ANC-1 is localized to the outer ...
... (Fig. 4C), suggesting that ANC-1 does not require UNC-84 to anchor mitochondria as it does for nuclear anchorage. Our model (fig. S4) suggests that ANC-1 functions to anchor nuclei by tethering the nucleus to the actin cytoskeleton and predicts that the KASH domain of ANC-1 is localized to the outer ...
Representation of Number in Animals and Humans: A Neural Model
... numerosity x also react somewhat weaker to numerosities x 1 and x + 1, still somewhat weaker to x 2 and x + 2 and so on. This property can account for the distance effect, because if numbers are farther apart, this will lead to less overlap in the distribution of activation and thus to better di ...
... numerosity x also react somewhat weaker to numerosities x 1 and x + 1, still somewhat weaker to x 2 and x + 2 and so on. This property can account for the distance effect, because if numbers are farther apart, this will lead to less overlap in the distribution of activation and thus to better di ...
Mechanical Response Properties of A and C Primary Afferent
... by all three criteria, the slow As had the highest mechanosensitivity. Conversely, the fast A population had the lowest mechanosensitivity in that it had the lowest percentage of mechanosensitive units (66%), the lowest slopes, and the highest thresholds. The C population was intermediate with respe ...
... by all three criteria, the slow As had the highest mechanosensitivity. Conversely, the fast A population had the lowest mechanosensitivity in that it had the lowest percentage of mechanosensitive units (66%), the lowest slopes, and the highest thresholds. The C population was intermediate with respe ...
Odorant Category Profile Selectivity of Olfactory Cortex Neurons
... panel consists of eight distinct categories (Sul, MPZ, C6C9, ITC, tHC, ester, tAl, and NH2) of core odorants of natural foods. Each to odorants were obtained during FWS in the column shows (from top to bottom) the name of the category, abbreviation, molecular structure, component odorants in the pre ...
... panel consists of eight distinct categories (Sul, MPZ, C6C9, ITC, tHC, ester, tAl, and NH2) of core odorants of natural foods. Each to odorants were obtained during FWS in the column shows (from top to bottom) the name of the category, abbreviation, molecular structure, component odorants in the pre ...
Abstract 1. Introduction Temporal dynamics of perception and the
... difference between the 1D and 2D responses of approximately 20 ms. One potential caveat in interpreting the results as a true difference in processing speeds is that, in both cases, the purely 2D component of the eye movement is smaller—the direction difference between the 1D and 2D components of st ...
... difference between the 1D and 2D responses of approximately 20 ms. One potential caveat in interpreting the results as a true difference in processing speeds is that, in both cases, the purely 2D component of the eye movement is smaller—the direction difference between the 1D and 2D components of st ...
Luczak, 2015 - University of Lethbridge
... sequential patterns in the olfactory bulb on presentation; although these sequences are most similar for repeated presentation of the same odour, similarities are also seen in the sequential structure of responses to different stimuli55 (FIG. 1d). Thus, sensory responses in several brain areas consi ...
... sequential patterns in the olfactory bulb on presentation; although these sequences are most similar for repeated presentation of the same odour, similarities are also seen in the sequential structure of responses to different stimuli55 (FIG. 1d). Thus, sensory responses in several brain areas consi ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. Many are biophysical-based models, which characterize the nonlinear dynamics of ionic conductances and synapses between neurons [6], [7]. Although useful in understanding underlying p ...
... Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. Many are biophysical-based models, which characterize the nonlinear dynamics of ionic conductances and synapses between neurons [6], [7]. Although useful in understanding underlying p ...
A Neuronal Model of Predictive Coding Accounting for the
... This comparison is achieved at the level of a population of neurons called the “prediction error” population, which receives two sets of inputs: excitatory inputs coming from the thalamus and conveying the current sensory stimulus, and inhibitory inputs that reflect the activity of the predictive po ...
... This comparison is achieved at the level of a population of neurons called the “prediction error” population, which receives two sets of inputs: excitatory inputs coming from the thalamus and conveying the current sensory stimulus, and inhibitory inputs that reflect the activity of the predictive po ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... E-mail: [email protected] This material is available online at http://bi.snu.ac.kr/ ...
... E-mail: [email protected] This material is available online at http://bi.snu.ac.kr/ ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... E-mail: [email protected] This material is available online at http://bi.snu.ac.kr/ ...
... E-mail: [email protected] This material is available online at http://bi.snu.ac.kr/ ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... selectively and jointly the saliency of all responses that contain episodes of synchronous spiking because synchronous EPSPs summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing ...
... selectively and jointly the saliency of all responses that contain episodes of synchronous spiking because synchronous EPSPs summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing ...
Controlling the Elements: An Optogenetic Approach to
... known to be activated during specific time periods of fear conditioning (example, CS or US periods), but in most cases, their temporally limited, functional role in behavior and neural processing is unknown. In addition, within specific areas of the fear circuit, there are neuronal subpopulations (s ...
... known to be activated during specific time periods of fear conditioning (example, CS or US periods), but in most cases, their temporally limited, functional role in behavior and neural processing is unknown. In addition, within specific areas of the fear circuit, there are neuronal subpopulations (s ...
Categories in the Brain - Rice University -
... • The column is the fundamental module of perceptual systems – probably also of motor systems • This columnar structure is found in all mammals that have been investigated • The theory is confirmed by detailed studies of visual, auditory, and somatosensory perception in living cat and monkey brains ...
... • The column is the fundamental module of perceptual systems – probably also of motor systems • This columnar structure is found in all mammals that have been investigated • The theory is confirmed by detailed studies of visual, auditory, and somatosensory perception in living cat and monkey brains ...
Lecture notes Neural Computation
... The brain is a complex computing machine which is evolving to give the “fittest” output to a given input. Neural computation has as goal to describe the function of the nervous system in mathematical terms. By analysing or simulating the resulting equations, one can better understand its function, r ...
... The brain is a complex computing machine which is evolving to give the “fittest” output to a given input. Neural computation has as goal to describe the function of the nervous system in mathematical terms. By analysing or simulating the resulting equations, one can better understand its function, r ...
Ventral Intraparietal Area of the Macaque: Anatomic Location and
... maker for generating oriented stimuli that were also presented via mirror galvanometers. A third stimulus, the small fixation point (0.25’ ) at the center of the screen, was generated by a stationary LED projector. A fixation point could be placed anywhere on the screen by using one of the optic ben ...
... maker for generating oriented stimuli that were also presented via mirror galvanometers. A third stimulus, the small fixation point (0.25’ ) at the center of the screen, was generated by a stationary LED projector. A fixation point could be placed anywhere on the screen by using one of the optic ben ...
Cortex-inspired Developmental Learning for Vision-based Navigation, Attention and Recognition
... to automatically generate internal representations, without a need of human programmers to pre-design task-specific (symbolic) concepts. Its balanced coarse-to-fine tree structure guaranteed real-time retrieval in self-generated high-dimensional state space. K-Nearest Neighbor strategy was adopted in ...
... to automatically generate internal representations, without a need of human programmers to pre-design task-specific (symbolic) concepts. Its balanced coarse-to-fine tree structure guaranteed real-time retrieval in self-generated high-dimensional state space. K-Nearest Neighbor strategy was adopted in ...
Networks of Spiking Neurons: The Third Generation of
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
Anatomical origins of the classical receptive field and modulatory
... include different stimulus contrasts, hand- versus computer mapping, single small flashed bars or grating stimuli presented at different locations or expanded in size (Fig. 4). One reason for these differences is that certain techniques do not reveal the full spatial extent of visual sensitivity. Fo ...
... include different stimulus contrasts, hand- versus computer mapping, single small flashed bars or grating stimuli presented at different locations or expanded in size (Fig. 4). One reason for these differences is that certain techniques do not reveal the full spatial extent of visual sensitivity. Fo ...
Efficient coding hypothesis
The efficient coding hypothesis was proposed by Horace Barlow in 1961 as a theoretical model of sensory coding in the brain. Within the brain, neurons often communicate with one another by sending electrical impulses referred to as action potentials or spikes. One goal of sensory neuroscience is to decipher the meaning of these spikes in order to understand how the brain represents and processes information about the outside world. Barlow hypothesized that the spikes in the sensory system formed a neural code for efficiently representing sensory information. By efficient Barlow meant that the code minimized the number of spikes needed to transmit a given signal. This is somewhat analogous to transmitting information across the internet, where different file formats can be used to transmit a given image. Different file formats require different number of bits for representing the same image at given distortion level, and some are better suited for representing certain classes of images than others. According to this model, the brain is thought to use a code which is suited for representing visual and audio information representative of an organism's natural environment.