Understanding of the role of magnetic fields: Galactic perspective
... experimental validation to astronomical observations. In many cases the studies that utilize this approach can make use of existing laboratory facilities, resulting in a cost that is quite small compared to the cost of measurements in dedicated space missions. Importance of magnetic fields: Magnetic ...
... experimental validation to astronomical observations. In many cases the studies that utilize this approach can make use of existing laboratory facilities, resulting in a cost that is quite small compared to the cost of measurements in dedicated space missions. Importance of magnetic fields: Magnetic ...
Dr Conor Nixon Fall 2006
... magnetic and rotation axes. • On the sunlit side of Uranus, there is an ultraviolet glow (the ‘electroglow’) emitted by escaping hydrogen atoms. • Uranus also has aurorae like the other planets, produced by the collision of magnetospheric electrons and ions with the upper atmosphere. • Due to the in ...
... magnetic and rotation axes. • On the sunlit side of Uranus, there is an ultraviolet glow (the ‘electroglow’) emitted by escaping hydrogen atoms. • Uranus also has aurorae like the other planets, produced by the collision of magnetospheric electrons and ions with the upper atmosphere. • Due to the in ...
Real Properties of Electromagnetic Fields and
... plasma have accurately reproduced details of spiral galaxy rotation profiles [6]. Plasma cosmology also offers [1] a model that predicted the existence of galactic jets and the behavior of double-radio-source galaxies prior to their observation. It is clear that a rigorous understanding of the real ...
... plasma have accurately reproduced details of spiral galaxy rotation profiles [6]. Plasma cosmology also offers [1] a model that predicted the existence of galactic jets and the behavior of double-radio-source galaxies prior to their observation. It is clear that a rigorous understanding of the real ...
- Achieve the Core
... “A Big Surprise from the Edge of the Solar System” Today you will read an article and watch a video about a recent discovery made by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). You will then answer several questions based on the text and the video. I will be happy to answer questions about ...
... “A Big Surprise from the Edge of the Solar System” Today you will read an article and watch a video about a recent discovery made by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). You will then answer several questions based on the text and the video. I will be happy to answer questions about ...
scholer-shocks-ii
... Move along shock surface with Alfven velocity given by magnetic field in overshoot ...
... Move along shock surface with Alfven velocity given by magnetic field in overshoot ...
Astro340.Lecture17.30oct07
... • Comets originally existed throughout the outer solar system • The development of large planets disrupted the population resulting in one of three outcomes. • They were accreted onto a planet • They were scattered out of the solar system or into the Sun • They were scattered to a region of the sola ...
... • Comets originally existed throughout the outer solar system • The development of large planets disrupted the population resulting in one of three outcomes. • They were accreted onto a planet • They were scattered out of the solar system or into the Sun • They were scattered to a region of the sola ...
Lecture 2: Theory - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... “peaks,” and the solar wind also “carries” away some kinetic energy. Conduction also steepens the TR to be as thin as it is. Solar Wind Origin and Heating 2 http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~scranmer/NSO/ ...
... “peaks,” and the solar wind also “carries” away some kinetic energy. Conduction also steepens the TR to be as thin as it is. Solar Wind Origin and Heating 2 http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~scranmer/NSO/ ...
Document
... from the excitation cross section of the La line in a given gas to the excitation cross sections in the other gases. This made it possible to restrict the absolute measurements of the La radiation intensity to only one process and one proton energy. 2. Absolute measurements of the La radiation flux. ...
... from the excitation cross section of the La line in a given gas to the excitation cross sections in the other gases. This made it possible to restrict the absolute measurements of the La radiation intensity to only one process and one proton energy. 2. Absolute measurements of the La radiation flux. ...
chapter5 - Homework Market
... from the sun and other stars are all produced by moving electrons. • As you know, an atom has a massive compact nucleus containing positively charged protons. • These are usually accompanied by electrically neutral neutrons. • The nucleus is embedded in a large cloud of relatively low-mass, negative ...
... from the sun and other stars are all produced by moving electrons. • As you know, an atom has a massive compact nucleus containing positively charged protons. • These are usually accompanied by electrically neutral neutrons. • The nucleus is embedded in a large cloud of relatively low-mass, negative ...
Gaia - ESA`s Galactic Census
... To understand the physics of a star fully, its distance from Earth must be known. This is more difficult than it sounds because stars are so remote. Even the closest one is 40 trillion kilometres away, and thus we cannot presently send spacecraft to them to measure as they go. Nor can we bounce rada ...
... To understand the physics of a star fully, its distance from Earth must be known. This is more difficult than it sounds because stars are so remote. Even the closest one is 40 trillion kilometres away, and thus we cannot presently send spacecraft to them to measure as they go. Nor can we bounce rada ...
Gaia - ESA`s Galactic Census
... To understand the physics of a star fully, its distance from Earth must be known. This is more difficult than it sounds because stars are so remote. Even the closest one is 40 trillion kilometres away, and thus we cannot presently send spacecraft to them to measure as they go. Nor can we bounce rada ...
... To understand the physics of a star fully, its distance from Earth must be known. This is more difficult than it sounds because stars are so remote. Even the closest one is 40 trillion kilometres away, and thus we cannot presently send spacecraft to them to measure as they go. Nor can we bounce rada ...
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... Carrington maps from synoptic full-disk data from the iron line at 17.1 nm for Carrington ...
... Carrington maps from synoptic full-disk data from the iron line at 17.1 nm for Carrington ...
Sample Return from Primitive Asteroids and Comets
... in broad agreement with astronomical observations and models of the interplanetary dust complex (15). Although their provenance is unknown, the unique characteristics of IDPs indicate that meteorites represent a limited sampling of the most primitive asteroids. The case for sample return from primi ...
... in broad agreement with astronomical observations and models of the interplanetary dust complex (15). Although their provenance is unknown, the unique characteristics of IDPs indicate that meteorites represent a limited sampling of the most primitive asteroids. The case for sample return from primi ...
The Cosmic Rays and Our Galaxy
... on board, finally in 1912 he reached an altitude of 5,200 m. The results clearly showed that the ionization, after going through a minimum, increased considerably with height. Hess concluded that the increase of the ionization with height was originated by radiation coming from space. He also notice ...
... on board, finally in 1912 he reached an altitude of 5,200 m. The results clearly showed that the ionization, after going through a minimum, increased considerably with height. Hess concluded that the increase of the ionization with height was originated by radiation coming from space. He also notice ...
THE SPACE WEATHER OF PROXIMA CENTAURI b
... interacts and are quite spatially smooth with densities and pressure variations of factors of only a few. The models employed here are instead driven by a magnetic field dependent energy deposition that results in a much more spatially variable wind. The salient effect of the extreme wind pressure at ...
... interacts and are quite spatially smooth with densities and pressure variations of factors of only a few. The models employed here are instead driven by a magnetic field dependent energy deposition that results in a much more spatially variable wind. The salient effect of the extreme wind pressure at ...
Opacities and spectra of hydrogen atmospheres of moderately
... fields B ∼ 1011 G. Meanwhile, available models of partially ionized hydrogen atmospheres of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields are restricted to B 1012 G. Extension of the applicability range of the photosphere models to lower field strengths is complicated by a stronger asymmetry of decent ...
... fields B ∼ 1011 G. Meanwhile, available models of partially ionized hydrogen atmospheres of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields are restricted to B 1012 G. Extension of the applicability range of the photosphere models to lower field strengths is complicated by a stronger asymmetry of decent ...
TITAN ARTICLES - California State University, Northridge
... Since no liquid methane was spotted on the surface, he said, it is possible that Huygens landed in an area that is relatively arid. "It's more like Arizona or someplace like that, where the river beds are dry most of the time. But after rain, you might have open flowing liquids and pools. These pool ...
... Since no liquid methane was spotted on the surface, he said, it is possible that Huygens landed in an area that is relatively arid. "It's more like Arizona or someplace like that, where the river beds are dry most of the time. But after rain, you might have open flowing liquids and pools. These pool ...
No Slide Title - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... • Observations of this region show shocks, thin “spicules,” and an apparently larger-scale set of convective cells (“super-granulation”). ...
... • Observations of this region show shocks, thin “spicules,” and an apparently larger-scale set of convective cells (“super-granulation”). ...
galactic cosmic radiation and solar energetic particles
... ray nuclei with Z > 2 are classified into various charge groups such as light (L), medium (M), light-heavy (LH), and very heavy (VH). The L-group nuclei include those with 3 < Z - 5, the M-group with 6 - Z - 8, the LHgroup with 9 - Z - 14, the H-group with 15 - Z - 19 and the VH-group with 20 - Z - ...
... ray nuclei with Z > 2 are classified into various charge groups such as light (L), medium (M), light-heavy (LH), and very heavy (VH). The L-group nuclei include those with 3 < Z - 5, the M-group with 6 - Z - 8, the LHgroup with 9 - Z - 14, the H-group with 15 - Z - 19 and the VH-group with 20 - Z - ...
ASTR 330: The Solar System
... 1. MAGNETOSPHERE: region of charged particles above the atmosphere, from 200 km to 100,000 km above the surface. 2. ATMOSPHERE: gas layer, from surface to 200 km altitude. 3. HYDROSPHERE: or ocean, including ice caps, which covers 2/3 of the surface. 4. CRUST: the solid surface of the Earth, about 1 ...
... 1. MAGNETOSPHERE: region of charged particles above the atmosphere, from 200 km to 100,000 km above the surface. 2. ATMOSPHERE: gas layer, from surface to 200 km altitude. 3. HYDROSPHERE: or ocean, including ice caps, which covers 2/3 of the surface. 4. CRUST: the solid surface of the Earth, about 1 ...
The Sun`s journey through the local interstellar medium: the
... decrease by ≥20% from the cloud exterior to the solar location.2 In contrast, He and Ne ionizations, which require photons more energetic by > 50%, vary little. Guesstimates indicate that for ∼ 50% filtration of Ho , converting 20% of the H from Ho to H+ would raise the H pressure confining the pale ...
... decrease by ≥20% from the cloud exterior to the solar location.2 In contrast, He and Ne ionizations, which require photons more energetic by > 50%, vary little. Guesstimates indicate that for ∼ 50% filtration of Ho , converting 20% of the H from Ho to H+ would raise the H pressure confining the pale ...
Observation of the Bastille day flare on 2000 July 14
... verify what theory I use, magnetic reconnection. ...
... verify what theory I use, magnetic reconnection. ...
PDF of scale model - MESSENGER Education
... help point it in whatever direction the scientists choose. The two instruments will enable MESSENGER to “see” much like our two eyes do. Gamma-Ray and Neutr on Spectr ometer (GRNS): This instrument will detect gamma rays and neutrons that are emitted by radioactive elements on Mercury's surface or b ...
... help point it in whatever direction the scientists choose. The two instruments will enable MESSENGER to “see” much like our two eyes do. Gamma-Ray and Neutr on Spectr ometer (GRNS): This instrument will detect gamma rays and neutrons that are emitted by radioactive elements on Mercury's surface or b ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.