The Plasma Physics Processes that Drive Ring Current
... Figure 5.6 Results for oxygen ions during the smaller decrease in Dst . ............................ 73 Figure 5.7 Results for hydrogen ions during the smaller decrease in Dst........................... 74 Figure 5.8 Results for oxygen during the main phase of the storm.. ........................... ...
... Figure 5.6 Results for oxygen ions during the smaller decrease in Dst . ............................ 73 Figure 5.7 Results for hydrogen ions during the smaller decrease in Dst........................... 74 Figure 5.8 Results for oxygen during the main phase of the storm.. ........................... ...
Non-thermal hard X-ray emission from stellar coronae
... “Space weather” effects on planetary systems ...
... “Space weather” effects on planetary systems ...
Ons sonnestelsel is geskape
... evening sky, are Jupiter and Saturn – the gas Giants that account for 93% of the solar system’s planetary mass – and no one has a satisfying explanation of how they were made.” Richard A Kerr, ‘A quickie birth of Jupiters and Saturns’, Science, Vol 298, 29 November 2002, ...
... evening sky, are Jupiter and Saturn – the gas Giants that account for 93% of the solar system’s planetary mass – and no one has a satisfying explanation of how they were made.” Richard A Kerr, ‘A quickie birth of Jupiters and Saturns’, Science, Vol 298, 29 November 2002, ...
The on quilibrium ISIS
... fine structure energy levels have been regrouped and the collisional rate and Arates have been recalculated in order to save computational time. In addition, it is flexible to include fine structures for interested ions. ...
... fine structure energy levels have been regrouped and the collisional rate and Arates have been recalculated in order to save computational time. In addition, it is flexible to include fine structures for interested ions. ...
The solar silicon abundance based on 3D non
... departures from LTE in Si i lines in the solar photosphere. Non-LTE calculations based on 1D model atmospheres by Wedemeyer (2001) found non-LTE abundance corrections (lg NLTE − lg LTE ) that are typically very slightly negative, and of the order −0.01 dex, a result later consolidated by Shi et al ...
... departures from LTE in Si i lines in the solar photosphere. Non-LTE calculations based on 1D model atmospheres by Wedemeyer (2001) found non-LTE abundance corrections (lg NLTE − lg LTE ) that are typically very slightly negative, and of the order −0.01 dex, a result later consolidated by Shi et al ...
3. Solar System Formation and Early Evolution
... It is therefore impossible at present to know a priori in which type of stellar cluster the Sun was born: our star is about 50 times older than the oldest open clusters. But the issue is fundamental for planet formation in general and for the origin of the solar system in particular, because of the ...
... It is therefore impossible at present to know a priori in which type of stellar cluster the Sun was born: our star is about 50 times older than the oldest open clusters. But the issue is fundamental for planet formation in general and for the origin of the solar system in particular, because of the ...
SAGE_prop
... (the mid transition region) up to 12MK. Thus it will be possible to link the SAGE observations to those obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), which also include lines formed at chromospheric temperatures. SAGE will also a ...
... (the mid transition region) up to 12MK. Thus it will be possible to link the SAGE observations to those obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), which also include lines formed at chromospheric temperatures. SAGE will also a ...
Spectroscopic observation of helium-ion- and hydrogen
... He+ fulfills the catalyst criteriona chemical or physical process with an enthalpy change equal to an integer multiple of 27.2 eV since it ionizes at 54.417 eV, which is 2 · 27.2 eV. The product of the catalysis reaction of He+ , H(1/3), may further serve as a catalyst to lead to transitions to oth ...
... He+ fulfills the catalyst criteriona chemical or physical process with an enthalpy change equal to an integer multiple of 27.2 eV since it ionizes at 54.417 eV, which is 2 · 27.2 eV. The product of the catalysis reaction of He+ , H(1/3), may further serve as a catalyst to lead to transitions to oth ...
Parent and Son Evening
... ABSTRACT Near-Ultraviolet imaging with HST offers the best possible spatial resolution currently available for optical/UV astronomical imaging. The giant elliptical galaxy M87 hosts one of the most spectacular, best studied and nearest (d=16 Mpc) galactic-scale relativistic (synchrotron emitting pla ...
... ABSTRACT Near-Ultraviolet imaging with HST offers the best possible spatial resolution currently available for optical/UV astronomical imaging. The giant elliptical galaxy M87 hosts one of the most spectacular, best studied and nearest (d=16 Mpc) galactic-scale relativistic (synchrotron emitting pla ...
charged grains in saturn`s f-ring: interaction with
... The data from multiple consecutive boxes was concatenated to form a larger ring section. The adjusted azimuthal positions were used in plotting the ring configuration with overlapping data from individual boxes. The ring configurations before and after passage of Prometheus are shown in Figure 4 for ...
... The data from multiple consecutive boxes was concatenated to form a larger ring section. The adjusted azimuthal positions were used in plotting the ring configuration with overlapping data from individual boxes. The ring configurations before and after passage of Prometheus are shown in Figure 4 for ...
Solar energetic particle access to distant longitudes through
... as diffusion, using a Fokker-Planck (FP) equation. However, FP models cannot explain the observed fast access of SEPs across the average magnetic field to regions that are widely separated in longitude within the heliosphere without using unrealistically strong cross-field diffusion. Aims. We study ...
... as diffusion, using a Fokker-Planck (FP) equation. However, FP models cannot explain the observed fast access of SEPs across the average magnetic field to regions that are widely separated in longitude within the heliosphere without using unrealistically strong cross-field diffusion. Aims. We study ...
A Rigid-Field Hydrodynamics approach to modelling the
... We introduce a new Rigid-Field Hydrodynamics approach to modelling the magnetospheres of massive stars in the limit of very strong magnetic fields. Treating the field lines as effectively rigid, we develop hydrodynamical equations describing the one-dimensional flow along each, subject to pressure, ...
... We introduce a new Rigid-Field Hydrodynamics approach to modelling the magnetospheres of massive stars in the limit of very strong magnetic fields. Treating the field lines as effectively rigid, we develop hydrodynamical equations describing the one-dimensional flow along each, subject to pressure, ...
Giovanni Domenico Cassini
... In 1653, Cassini, wishing to employ such an instrument, sketched a plan for a new and larger [gnomon] but one which would be difficult to build. His calculations were precise; the construction succeeded perfectly; and its success made Cassini a brilliant reputation. He made many important observati ...
... In 1653, Cassini, wishing to employ such an instrument, sketched a plan for a new and larger [gnomon] but one which would be difficult to build. His calculations were precise; the construction succeeded perfectly; and its success made Cassini a brilliant reputation. He made many important observati ...
The role of the sun in climate forcing
... time scales of decades to millennia became a serious issue in solar physics and climatology. For climatology, all the factors that a!ect the energy #ow from its source in the core of the Sun through the Earth's climate system to its "nal sink in deep space are important. On this long way variability ...
... time scales of decades to millennia became a serious issue in solar physics and climatology. For climatology, all the factors that a!ect the energy #ow from its source in the core of the Sun through the Earth's climate system to its "nal sink in deep space are important. On this long way variability ...
Chapter 15--Our Sun - Geological Sciences
... The prospect of turning common metals like lead into gold enthralled those who pursued the medieval practice of alchemy. Sometimes they tried primitive scientific appr ...
... The prospect of turning common metals like lead into gold enthralled those who pursued the medieval practice of alchemy. Sometimes they tried primitive scientific appr ...
Jack Eddy`s Study of the Maunder Minimum Inspires a Long Series
... • Maunder Minimum (MM) period in late 1600s has lower solar activity – How much of the colder temperature (-0.4 K) during MM was driven by solar irradiance change? • Even if cycle minimum did not change during MM, Georg Feulner’s climate model (GRL, 2011) predicts a colder period because of cycle ...
... • Maunder Minimum (MM) period in late 1600s has lower solar activity – How much of the colder temperature (-0.4 K) during MM was driven by solar irradiance change? • Even if cycle minimum did not change during MM, Georg Feulner’s climate model (GRL, 2011) predicts a colder period because of cycle ...
MHD seismology as a tool to diagnose the coronae of X
... magnetized atmosphere and flaring activities. Observations of the decaying long period oscillation of a stellar megaflare by Anfinogentov et al. (2013): In the decay phase of the U-band light curve of a stellar megaflare observed on 2009 January 16 in the corona of dM4.5e star YZ CMi, the long-perio ...
... magnetized atmosphere and flaring activities. Observations of the decaying long period oscillation of a stellar megaflare by Anfinogentov et al. (2013): In the decay phase of the U-band light curve of a stellar megaflare observed on 2009 January 16 in the corona of dM4.5e star YZ CMi, the long-perio ...
Synergistic effect of sterilization by microwave-excited atmospheric-pressure plasma jet using photo-catalyst TiO2 with H2O2 and distilled water
... in 60 s, while the HTP treatment induced the destruction of all the bacteria in 30 s (25 s for grounded case). This indicates clearly that the charged particles of the plasma as well as UV photons significantly interact with H2O2 and ...
... in 60 s, while the HTP treatment induced the destruction of all the bacteria in 30 s (25 s for grounded case). This indicates clearly that the charged particles of the plasma as well as UV photons significantly interact with H2O2 and ...
Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope low
... from Jupiter, which is an extremely bright and variable source at decametric (3–30 MHz) wavelengths. Due to ionospheric cut-off, it was not until the Voyager spacecraft era that the other Solar system gas giant planets were detected (Broadfoot et al. 1981). For Solar system planets, the dominant mec ...
... from Jupiter, which is an extremely bright and variable source at decametric (3–30 MHz) wavelengths. Due to ionospheric cut-off, it was not until the Voyager spacecraft era that the other Solar system gas giant planets were detected (Broadfoot et al. 1981). For Solar system planets, the dominant mec ...
GMRT Low Frequency Observations of Extrasolar Planetary Systems
... bright and variable source at decametric (3–30 MHz) wavelengths. Due to ionospheric cut-off, it was not until the Voyager spacecraft era that the other solar system gas giant planets were detected (Broadfoot et al. 1981). For solar system planets, the dominant mechanism for the low frequency radio e ...
... bright and variable source at decametric (3–30 MHz) wavelengths. Due to ionospheric cut-off, it was not until the Voyager spacecraft era that the other solar system gas giant planets were detected (Broadfoot et al. 1981). For solar system planets, the dominant mechanism for the low frequency radio e ...
Document
... UK involvement: (i) Novel CCD camera systems on all remote sensing systems aboard the spacecraft; (ii) Leadership of the unique Heliospheric Imager instrument, a wide-angle telescope system, to image solar clouds in interplanetary space ...
... UK involvement: (i) Novel CCD camera systems on all remote sensing systems aboard the spacecraft; (ii) Leadership of the unique Heliospheric Imager instrument, a wide-angle telescope system, to image solar clouds in interplanetary space ...
Entire Guide
... Sun-Earth connection. Solar flares are caused by sudden changes of strong magnetic fields in the Sun’s corona. The changing magnetic field converts magnetic potential energy into kinetic energy by accelerating charged gases (plasmas) in the corona. The plasma is channeled by the magnetic field up an ...
... Sun-Earth connection. Solar flares are caused by sudden changes of strong magnetic fields in the Sun’s corona. The changing magnetic field converts magnetic potential energy into kinetic energy by accelerating charged gases (plasmas) in the corona. The plasma is channeled by the magnetic field up an ...
2 Solar magnetic fields. - High Altitude Observatory
... First consider the second term in equation (2.1). Kinetic theory (Ohm’s law) for collision dominated plasmas gives us values for the conductivity σ (e.g. Braginskii, 1965), from which we find that η ∼ 104 cm2 s−1 in the Sun’s interior. Choosing ℓ ∼ R⊙ /3 = 2 × 1010 cm we find that the diffusive term ...
... First consider the second term in equation (2.1). Kinetic theory (Ohm’s law) for collision dominated plasmas gives us values for the conductivity σ (e.g. Braginskii, 1965), from which we find that η ∼ 104 cm2 s−1 in the Sun’s interior. Choosing ℓ ∼ R⊙ /3 = 2 × 1010 cm we find that the diffusive term ...
Absence of the strahl during times of slow wind
... et al., 2008; Vocks, 2012; Pavan et al., 2013; Che and Goldstein, 2014; Che et al., 2014); however, there is still no clear consensus on the specific mechanisms involved in the formation of any of its four individual populations. The strahl is thought to be formed from the initial highenergy electro ...
... et al., 2008; Vocks, 2012; Pavan et al., 2013; Che and Goldstein, 2014; Che et al., 2014); however, there is still no clear consensus on the specific mechanisms involved in the formation of any of its four individual populations. The strahl is thought to be formed from the initial highenergy electro ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.