The Sun Notes File
... illustrated by the graph? How does the range of latitudes of sunspots change over time? How is this change related to the sunspot cycle? According the graph, how many sunspots were located at the sun’s north pole? ...
... illustrated by the graph? How does the range of latitudes of sunspots change over time? How is this change related to the sunspot cycle? According the graph, how many sunspots were located at the sun’s north pole? ...
Document
... We found that for current conditions the loss rate is similar for the three planets. The atmospheric escape may actually be stronger from a magnetized planet during increased solar wind activities. The intrinsic magnetic field does not protect the atmosphere from the solar wind for Earth’s case. not ...
... We found that for current conditions the loss rate is similar for the three planets. The atmospheric escape may actually be stronger from a magnetized planet during increased solar wind activities. The intrinsic magnetic field does not protect the atmosphere from the solar wind for Earth’s case. not ...
AAS-SPD-LeaveBehind-2014
... • The science of how our Sun works • The science of Earth’s magnetic shield • The key to understanding Space Weather and its effects on Earth • The study of our solar system and its place in the galaxy ...
... • The science of how our Sun works • The science of Earth’s magnetic shield • The key to understanding Space Weather and its effects on Earth • The study of our solar system and its place in the galaxy ...
Document
... swirling iron in the Earth’s core – some 3000 kilometres beneath our feet. This invisible force reaches into space to form the magnetosphere, protecting us from the solar wind. But the magnetic field is in a constant state of flux and is showing significant weakening and could even go into reverse. ...
... swirling iron in the Earth’s core – some 3000 kilometres beneath our feet. This invisible force reaches into space to form the magnetosphere, protecting us from the solar wind. But the magnetic field is in a constant state of flux and is showing significant weakening and could even go into reverse. ...
The Sun: close-up of a spectral class G main sequence star
... A hot object emits more radiation at all wavelengths than A cooler object (Figure 7-6) ...
... A hot object emits more radiation at all wavelengths than A cooler object (Figure 7-6) ...
The Milky Way
... •Uranus: axis tilted completely on its side •82.5% Hydrogen, 15.2% Helium, 2.3% Methane (CH4) ...
... •Uranus: axis tilted completely on its side •82.5% Hydrogen, 15.2% Helium, 2.3% Methane (CH4) ...
Study Notes: Chapter 27- Planets of the Solar System
... 1. The early oceans became ______________ when dissolved solids were carried from land into the oceans. 2. About ____________ of all matter contained in the solar nebula now exists in the sun. 3. Small bodies that orbit planets are called ________________. 4. When early Earth’s atmosphere formed, __ ...
... 1. The early oceans became ______________ when dissolved solids were carried from land into the oceans. 2. About ____________ of all matter contained in the solar nebula now exists in the sun. 3. Small bodies that orbit planets are called ________________. 4. When early Earth’s atmosphere formed, __ ...
Standard 1 Objective 2 Study Notes ppt
... hydrogen gases were lost _______ weak because Earth’s gravity was too _____. ...
... hydrogen gases were lost _______ weak because Earth’s gravity was too _____. ...
Layers of the Atmosphere
... Divided into two sections Begins at 80 km from the earth’s surface Ends in outer space Therm – heat As altitude increases, temp. increases Air is very thin – molecules spread out ...
... Divided into two sections Begins at 80 km from the earth’s surface Ends in outer space Therm – heat As altitude increases, temp. increases Air is very thin – molecules spread out ...
Sun: The Nearest Star
... giant. After a billion years as a red giant, it will suddenly collapse into a white dwarf. It may take a trillion years to cool off completely. The Sun's period of rotation at the surface varies from approximately 25 days at the equator to 36 days at the poles. Deep down, below the convective zone, ...
... giant. After a billion years as a red giant, it will suddenly collapse into a white dwarf. It may take a trillion years to cool off completely. The Sun's period of rotation at the surface varies from approximately 25 days at the equator to 36 days at the poles. Deep down, below the convective zone, ...
mechanical
... Spacecraft Charging • Spacecraft moving through a plasma • Plasma density • Debye length • Field around spacecraft • Photo-electric emission – Photons hit surface, release electrons ...
... Spacecraft Charging • Spacecraft moving through a plasma • Plasma density • Debye length • Field around spacecraft • Photo-electric emission – Photons hit surface, release electrons ...
No Slide Title
... Study the environment and the solar wind interaction as well as the evolution and dynamics of solar system objects with focus on the inner planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and dust. Development of scientific instrumentation for satellite-based measurements in support of space exploration. ...
... Study the environment and the solar wind interaction as well as the evolution and dynamics of solar system objects with focus on the inner planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and dust. Development of scientific instrumentation for satellite-based measurements in support of space exploration. ...
$doc.title
... 3. a) Assuming a slap of plasma of cross-‐section A and thickness dx, containing nn neutral particles per unit volume with cross-‐sections σ, show that the flux of an incident beam of electrons varie ...
... 3. a) Assuming a slap of plasma of cross-‐section A and thickness dx, containing nn neutral particles per unit volume with cross-‐sections σ, show that the flux of an incident beam of electrons varie ...
astron_ch_7b
... It was detected by satellites launched in the late 1950’s. It contains two doughnutshaped zones of high energy particles (one about 3000 and the other 20 000 km above the Earth’s surface), called the Van Allen Belts. The radiation here is lethal. ...
... It was detected by satellites launched in the late 1950’s. It contains two doughnutshaped zones of high energy particles (one about 3000 and the other 20 000 km above the Earth’s surface), called the Van Allen Belts. The radiation here is lethal. ...
The Sun - rosedalegrade9astronomy
... – Is our nearest star. It is 5 billion years old. – It will last another 5 billion years – Has the mass of more than 300 000 Earths – So big that gravity forces everything together so tight that there are nuclear reactions and a great amount of heat. -Hydrogen atoms are squashed together to form hel ...
... – Is our nearest star. It is 5 billion years old. – It will last another 5 billion years – Has the mass of more than 300 000 Earths – So big that gravity forces everything together so tight that there are nuclear reactions and a great amount of heat. -Hydrogen atoms are squashed together to form hel ...
Space Science Overview
... Earth’s Moon: On what physical evidence did scientists base their theory of the origin of the moon? ...
... Earth’s Moon: On what physical evidence did scientists base their theory of the origin of the moon? ...
Kein Folientitel
... • How are they accelerated? • What is their composition? • How do they propagate? • What are the source spectra? Energies: 1 keV - 100 MeV Sources: Mainly shock acceleration at flares/CMEs and CIRs Gloeckler, Adv. Space. Res. 4, 127, 1984 ...
... • How are they accelerated? • What is their composition? • How do they propagate? • What are the source spectra? Energies: 1 keV - 100 MeV Sources: Mainly shock acceleration at flares/CMEs and CIRs Gloeckler, Adv. Space. Res. 4, 127, 1984 ...
Our Sun is a Star:
... What are the dark spots on this picture? (Hint: they are not sunspots.) ___ Coronal Holes ___ Plumes ___ Active Regions ...
... What are the dark spots on this picture? (Hint: they are not sunspots.) ___ Coronal Holes ___ Plumes ___ Active Regions ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.