1) A magnetosphere is: a. The layer of a planet that contain its
... c. The coolest region of the Sun where the energy is absorbed by atoms d. The layer of the Sun that carry out the energy to the surface 3) The photosphere is: a. The coolest layer of the Sun b. The region where photons are produced c. The layer that we can only observe with special filters d ...
... c. The coolest region of the Sun where the energy is absorbed by atoms d. The layer of the Sun that carry out the energy to the surface 3) The photosphere is: a. The coolest layer of the Sun b. The region where photons are produced c. The layer that we can only observe with special filters d ...
Interiors of Jupiter and Saturn - University of Iowa Astrophysics
... During our observing session, the angular diameter of Saturn was 19 arcseconds (remember what an arcsecond is). At that Lme, the angular diameter of the moon Titan (the star off to the leN that ni ...
... During our observing session, the angular diameter of Saturn was 19 arcseconds (remember what an arcsecond is). At that Lme, the angular diameter of the moon Titan (the star off to the leN that ni ...
Earth - altaastronomy
... the earth that the plates slide over. • Plate boundaries sometimes collide or sub-duct resulting in seismic activity • We call these plate boundaries fault lines and we live right on top of one!! ...
... the earth that the plates slide over. • Plate boundaries sometimes collide or sub-duct resulting in seismic activity • We call these plate boundaries fault lines and we live right on top of one!! ...
Solar-B - to Nobeyama Radio Observatory
... - X-ray dimming (vs CME) - X-ray sigmoid (vs CME) • Solar flares as magnetic reconnection process - Soft X-ray loop-with-a-cusp structure, increasing in size with time - Double-footpoint plus above-a-loop-top hard X-ray sources - Particle acceleration site in the above-a-loop-top hard X-ray source - ...
... - X-ray dimming (vs CME) - X-ray sigmoid (vs CME) • Solar flares as magnetic reconnection process - Soft X-ray loop-with-a-cusp structure, increasing in size with time - Double-footpoint plus above-a-loop-top hard X-ray sources - Particle acceleration site in the above-a-loop-top hard X-ray source - ...
1 - INFN-LNF
... The plasma regimes experienced by the Laplace spacecraft are the solar wind and the magnetosphere of Jupiter, and varies through the mission as Laplace travels from Earth to Jupiter. In general, the energetic radiation environment consists of magnetically trapped charged particles, solar protons and ...
... The plasma regimes experienced by the Laplace spacecraft are the solar wind and the magnetosphere of Jupiter, and varies through the mission as Laplace travels from Earth to Jupiter. In general, the energetic radiation environment consists of magnetically trapped charged particles, solar protons and ...
Unit 9 Day 9 Notes
... The Sun is the largest and most massive object in the Solar System. It would take 109 Earths lined up to cover it’s diameter and to match it’s mass. It holds of the entire mass of the Solar System therefore controls the motions of all the bodies therein. It is composed largely of gas. ...
... The Sun is the largest and most massive object in the Solar System. It would take 109 Earths lined up to cover it’s diameter and to match it’s mass. It holds of the entire mass of the Solar System therefore controls the motions of all the bodies therein. It is composed largely of gas. ...
Quiz # 8
... C) Shrinking and folding of the planet's surface as it cooled. D) Large impacts near the end of the early period of heavy bombardment, the scarps being eroded crater walls. ...
... C) Shrinking and folding of the planet's surface as it cooled. D) Large impacts near the end of the early period of heavy bombardment, the scarps being eroded crater walls. ...
The Sun as the prime example of stellar structure and evolution
... • Photosphere • Chromosphere • Corona ...
... • Photosphere • Chromosphere • Corona ...
Factors affecting the performance of triangular pyramid solar still
... This work presents a few important factors that affect the performance of a triangular pyramid solar still. An experimental work has been conducted to find the effect of water depth on the performance of the triangular pyramid solar still. From the present study, it is concluded that the convective ...
... This work presents a few important factors that affect the performance of a triangular pyramid solar still. An experimental work has been conducted to find the effect of water depth on the performance of the triangular pyramid solar still. From the present study, it is concluded that the convective ...
Montage of Jupiter and the Galilean satellites
... Last year, our Sun went though Solar Maximum, the time in its 11-year cycle where the most sunspots and explosive activities occur. Sunspots, the Solar Cycle, and solar prominences are all caused by the Sun's changing magnetic field. Pictured above is a solar prominence that erupted on May 15, throw ...
... Last year, our Sun went though Solar Maximum, the time in its 11-year cycle where the most sunspots and explosive activities occur. Sunspots, the Solar Cycle, and solar prominences are all caused by the Sun's changing magnetic field. Pictured above is a solar prominence that erupted on May 15, throw ...
The Sun
... Solar wind = streams of protons and electrons ejected at high speed from the corona Travel through solar system and are lost to space Alters appearance of bodies in the solar system Earth’s magnetic field doesn’t allow them to reach our surface --> do affect our atmosphere ...
... Solar wind = streams of protons and electrons ejected at high speed from the corona Travel through solar system and are lost to space Alters appearance of bodies in the solar system Earth’s magnetic field doesn’t allow them to reach our surface --> do affect our atmosphere ...
Lecture notes 4: The Sun as a Star i
... since the area of a sphere with radius rE = 1 AE=150 × 106 km is 4πr2 and since we may assume that the Sun’s emission is independent of direction the total solar radiative emission, the luminosity is ...
... since the area of a sphere with radius rE = 1 AE=150 × 106 km is 4πr2 and since we may assume that the Sun’s emission is independent of direction the total solar radiative emission, the luminosity is ...
The sun
... People believe that our solar system was formed from a giant rotating cloud of gas and small parts of rock and metals. This cloud is called a nebula according to this theory, the solar nebula started to shrink. As it got smaller it spun faster then flatten. into a disk. Scientists believe that parti ...
... People believe that our solar system was formed from a giant rotating cloud of gas and small parts of rock and metals. This cloud is called a nebula according to this theory, the solar nebula started to shrink. As it got smaller it spun faster then flatten. into a disk. Scientists believe that parti ...
Overview of Solar System • The solar system is a disk
... Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune have very thin rings. Saturn has much larger rings. Shepherd satellites • moons sweep out divisions, contain rings through gravitational resonances. ...
... Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune have very thin rings. Saturn has much larger rings. Shepherd satellites • moons sweep out divisions, contain rings through gravitational resonances. ...
Preface
... conference on plasma interactions with non-magnetized planets/moons and their influence on planetary evolution, which was held at Hokkaido University during October 4–8, 2010. The guiding theme of the conference and the accompanying special issue is to compare non-magnetized planets and moons throug ...
... conference on plasma interactions with non-magnetized planets/moons and their influence on planetary evolution, which was held at Hokkaido University during October 4–8, 2010. The guiding theme of the conference and the accompanying special issue is to compare non-magnetized planets and moons throug ...
Class notes
... contracting, spinning dust cloud began to clump together locally. •Denser materials fell closer to the sun •Less dense materials (gases) could escape to greater distances from the sun e,.g., Jupiter floats in water ...
... contracting, spinning dust cloud began to clump together locally. •Denser materials fell closer to the sun •Less dense materials (gases) could escape to greater distances from the sun e,.g., Jupiter floats in water ...
ARTEMIS writeup
... wind cannot account for electron fluxes for energies above 20 keV measured in the inner plasma sheet region, nominally located radially at about 10 RE from Earth. This is an important region known as the “seed region”, since this population of electrons continues convecting earthward and eventually ...
... wind cannot account for electron fluxes for energies above 20 keV measured in the inner plasma sheet region, nominally located radially at about 10 RE from Earth. This is an important region known as the “seed region”, since this population of electrons continues convecting earthward and eventually ...
The Sun and Space Weather
... dammage effects; deep dielecrtic charging (responsible for anomalies and losses); surface charging anomalies. ...
... dammage effects; deep dielecrtic charging (responsible for anomalies and losses); surface charging anomalies. ...
The Sun
... change? No. In the last 10 years, climate change has become so dramatic and so accelerated that it far exceeds any historical correlation between sunspot numbers and average temperatures. ...
... change? No. In the last 10 years, climate change has become so dramatic and so accelerated that it far exceeds any historical correlation between sunspot numbers and average temperatures. ...
1.2 Space
... Telescopes were invented in the late 16th century and they revealed exciting details about Earth’s closest planetary neighbors. They also showed the existence of other neighbors in our solar system. ...
... Telescopes were invented in the late 16th century and they revealed exciting details about Earth’s closest planetary neighbors. They also showed the existence of other neighbors in our solar system. ...
Could planting trees in the desert mitigate climate change?
... include the set up and operation of desalination plants and large-scale irrigation and their power supply, such as the production of bioenergy from the plantation. Land-surface-atmosphere processes, including heat release and CO 2 absorption, also play a role in carbon farming. These modify the atmo ...
... include the set up and operation of desalination plants and large-scale irrigation and their power supply, such as the production of bioenergy from the plantation. Land-surface-atmosphere processes, including heat release and CO 2 absorption, also play a role in carbon farming. These modify the atmo ...
Solar day and sidereal day …
... Based on an idea by Cyril Mustière (maths teacher at the Collège Paule Berthelot in Mana) Aimed at schoolchildren: from middle school and up. Instructions: To understand the difference between a solar day (one day on Earth in relation to the Sun) and a sidereal day (one day on Earth in relation to a ...
... Based on an idea by Cyril Mustière (maths teacher at the Collège Paule Berthelot in Mana) Aimed at schoolchildren: from middle school and up. Instructions: To understand the difference between a solar day (one day on Earth in relation to the Sun) and a sidereal day (one day on Earth in relation to a ...
Solar Storms Sun Struck The space-weather forecast for the next few
... million miles sunward of the Earth. SOHO, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, carries a dozen detectors that record everything from high-speed solar-wind protons to low-speed solar oscillations. STEREO consists of a pair of satellites, one preceding and the other trailing Earth in its orbit, tha ...
... million miles sunward of the Earth. SOHO, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, carries a dozen detectors that record everything from high-speed solar-wind protons to low-speed solar oscillations. STEREO consists of a pair of satellites, one preceding and the other trailing Earth in its orbit, tha ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.