Planeterella 02 - QUB Astrophysics Research Centre
... electrical grids, burning out transformers and causing blackouts. Radio and satellite communications can be disrupted, and astronauts are put at risk by high-energy particle streams. Understanding and predicting space weather allows us to prepare for solar ‘storms’ and minimise damage. Solar physici ...
... electrical grids, burning out transformers and causing blackouts. Radio and satellite communications can be disrupted, and astronauts are put at risk by high-energy particle streams. Understanding and predicting space weather allows us to prepare for solar ‘storms’ and minimise damage. Solar physici ...
Sun note sheet - Lauer Science
... Sunspots have two regions: the inner, darker ___________ and the outer ________________. Sunspots are regions of intense magnetic fields The number of sunspots on the photosphere varies over an eleven-year cycle. Sunspots can be used to determine the _______________________________. Vital informatio ...
... Sunspots have two regions: the inner, darker ___________ and the outer ________________. Sunspots are regions of intense magnetic fields The number of sunspots on the photosphere varies over an eleven-year cycle. Sunspots can be used to determine the _______________________________. Vital informatio ...
Grade 9 Science – Unit 4
... convection current of moving gases (see diagram) CHROMOSPHERE – The inner atmosphere of the Sun. Temperatures in this layer are about 10,000OK PHOTOSPHERE – The “surface’ of the Sun. It is NOT solid; rather, it is an area of churning gases. Average temperature is 5,500OK CORONA – The hot outer ...
... convection current of moving gases (see diagram) CHROMOSPHERE – The inner atmosphere of the Sun. Temperatures in this layer are about 10,000OK PHOTOSPHERE – The “surface’ of the Sun. It is NOT solid; rather, it is an area of churning gases. Average temperature is 5,500OK CORONA – The hot outer ...
Document
... Venus is the second planet in the solar system. It is the hottest planet in the solar system reaching 864 Fahrenheit!! Its name comes from the roman god of love and beauty. Venuses atmosphere is so strong that when you landed, you would be standing for at least 3 seconds and the atmosphere would cru ...
... Venus is the second planet in the solar system. It is the hottest planet in the solar system reaching 864 Fahrenheit!! Its name comes from the roman god of love and beauty. Venuses atmosphere is so strong that when you landed, you would be standing for at least 3 seconds and the atmosphere would cru ...
8-12 февраля 2010 г., ИКИ РАН
... exists, but not known. • Memory is partially lost due to dissipation. Sufficiently deep past history is not reproducible in principle because of lost information via radiation and mass losses from the finite volume under consideration. ...
... exists, but not known. • Memory is partially lost due to dissipation. Sufficiently deep past history is not reproducible in principle because of lost information via radiation and mass losses from the finite volume under consideration. ...
Sun Physics
... Some are quiet and hang there for weeks, others rain matter down on the photosphere, still others literally explode into space, pushing the corona out in front of them in a great burst that carries the gas off the sun altogether." ...
... Some are quiet and hang there for weeks, others rain matter down on the photosphere, still others literally explode into space, pushing the corona out in front of them in a great burst that carries the gas off the sun altogether." ...
Io The Volcanic moon Of Jupiter
... • "Io's Color." Io's Color. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. http://www.mmedia.is/~bjj/3dtest/io • "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Jupiter: Moons: Io: Overview." Solar System Exploration: Planets: Jupiter: Moons: Io: Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. • "Io." Jupiter Moon. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 J ...
... • "Io's Color." Io's Color. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. http://www.mmedia.is/~bjj/3dtest/io • "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Jupiter: Moons: Io: Overview." Solar System Exploration: Planets: Jupiter: Moons: Io: Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. • "Io." Jupiter Moon. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 J ...
Chapter 23 Our Solar System 8/13/2013 1
... atmosphere featureless &11,000 km thick. Axis is tilted almost 90 degrees. – Neptune: Its orbit was used to calculate the position and existence of Pluto, 5 vertical rings, Blue planet w/ atmosphere with visible changing clouds. Its largest moon is Triton which has retrograde revolution. – Pluto: La ...
... atmosphere featureless &11,000 km thick. Axis is tilted almost 90 degrees. – Neptune: Its orbit was used to calculate the position and existence of Pluto, 5 vertical rings, Blue planet w/ atmosphere with visible changing clouds. Its largest moon is Triton which has retrograde revolution. – Pluto: La ...
Other Solar System Bodies
... (Figure 8.5 from K&R, reproduced overleaf). The solar wind and IMF are frozen out of the cavity occupied by the ionospheric plasma. Thus there is a bow shock upstream of Venus that acts to slow and deflect the solar wind and a magnetosheath between the topside of the ionosphere and bow shock, where ...
... (Figure 8.5 from K&R, reproduced overleaf). The solar wind and IMF are frozen out of the cavity occupied by the ionospheric plasma. Thus there is a bow shock upstream of Venus that acts to slow and deflect the solar wind and a magnetosheath between the topside of the ionosphere and bow shock, where ...
Week 20 Satellites and Probes
... spacecraft, was launched 16 days before its sister craft with a lower initial velocity and similar mission. Voyager 2’s primary mission—the exploration of the four gas giants—was completed in full with a number of interesting discoveries. Studies in the Jovian system included analysis of the Great R ...
... spacecraft, was launched 16 days before its sister craft with a lower initial velocity and similar mission. Voyager 2’s primary mission—the exploration of the four gas giants—was completed in full with a number of interesting discoveries. Studies in the Jovian system included analysis of the Great R ...
QntmEx
... The gases in the Earth’s atmosphere determine the auroral lights’ colors. In the ionosphere, where the collisions are taking place, incoming solar particles collide with oxygen and nitrogen gases. Oxygen atoms give off green and red light. Nitrogen atoms give off red light. Some blue and violet lig ...
... The gases in the Earth’s atmosphere determine the auroral lights’ colors. In the ionosphere, where the collisions are taking place, incoming solar particles collide with oxygen and nitrogen gases. Oxygen atoms give off green and red light. Nitrogen atoms give off red light. Some blue and violet lig ...
Review
... The gas giants have many moons (17 to 63). The gas giants’ days are shorter (10 hours to 17 hours). ...
... The gas giants have many moons (17 to 63). The gas giants’ days are shorter (10 hours to 17 hours). ...
SNC 1D - othsmath
... A celestial body made of hot gases, mainly hydrogen and helium. The helium is more dense than the hydrogen and so falls inward to the deepest part of the star’s core while the hydrogen is found in the next layers outward. Stars rotate. They rotate faster in the middle than they do at the poles A vas ...
... A celestial body made of hot gases, mainly hydrogen and helium. The helium is more dense than the hydrogen and so falls inward to the deepest part of the star’s core while the hydrogen is found in the next layers outward. Stars rotate. They rotate faster in the middle than they do at the poles A vas ...
Answer Sheet
... C. Solar thermal energy being distributed through the atmosphere. D. Average temperature changes for a specific region or area over a short period of time. ...
... C. Solar thermal energy being distributed through the atmosphere. D. Average temperature changes for a specific region or area over a short period of time. ...
Document
... magnetic field and collides with ionospheric particles. • The collision excites ionospheric oxygen, which causes it to emit photons. • We see these emitted photons as the aurora, or Northern and Southern ...
... magnetic field and collides with ionospheric particles. • The collision excites ionospheric oxygen, which causes it to emit photons. • We see these emitted photons as the aurora, or Northern and Southern ...
Lec22_2D
... If a moon gets within a planet’s Roche limit, it will be ripped apart by tidal forces. The rubble that is left will form a ring. ...
... If a moon gets within a planet’s Roche limit, it will be ripped apart by tidal forces. The rubble that is left will form a ring. ...
Extreme Ultraviolet
... – Coronal mass ejections are eruptions of huge amounts of gas and magnetic field from the Sun that travel through space and can encounter planets on their way. – Sunspots are seen as black spots on the photosphere where the magnetic field of the Sun is protruding through the surface, pushing the hot ...
... – Coronal mass ejections are eruptions of huge amounts of gas and magnetic field from the Sun that travel through space and can encounter planets on their way. – Sunspots are seen as black spots on the photosphere where the magnetic field of the Sun is protruding through the surface, pushing the hot ...
Earth in the Solar System (Earth Science) 12% 7 Items Test Prep
... is not sufficient. Interstellar and intergalactic distances are expressed in terms of how far light travels in one year. 1 light year = 9.462X1015meters, or approximately 6 trillion miles. The most distant objects observed in the universe are estimated to be 10 to 15 billion light years from the sol ...
... is not sufficient. Interstellar and intergalactic distances are expressed in terms of how far light travels in one year. 1 light year = 9.462X1015meters, or approximately 6 trillion miles. The most distant objects observed in the universe are estimated to be 10 to 15 billion light years from the sol ...
Ups and downs
... Each spacecraft carries 11 identical instruments. These will study electric and magnetic fields and waves in the plasma surrounding the spacecraft, investigate the relative abundance of electrons, protons and helium nuclei, and determine their three-dimensional distribution. Instrument check-out and ...
... Each spacecraft carries 11 identical instruments. These will study electric and magnetic fields and waves in the plasma surrounding the spacecraft, investigate the relative abundance of electrons, protons and helium nuclei, and determine their three-dimensional distribution. Instrument check-out and ...
Exam 3 Solution Set - Indiana University Astronomy
... assuming the average jovian density is 1.3 g cm-3. Jupiter's mass and radius are 1.9 x 1030 g and 7.2 x 109 cm, respectively. How does the density at the center of Jupiter compare with the density at the center of the Sun? The average density of the Sun is about 1.4 g cm-3. State your assumptions an ...
... assuming the average jovian density is 1.3 g cm-3. Jupiter's mass and radius are 1.9 x 1030 g and 7.2 x 109 cm, respectively. How does the density at the center of Jupiter compare with the density at the center of the Sun? The average density of the Sun is about 1.4 g cm-3. State your assumptions an ...
Astronomy Name Formation of the Solar System Directions: Use the
... ____ The disk grew thinner as the solar nebula continued spinning. ____ The solar nebula began spinning and _____________. ____ The explosion made waves that squeezed the cloud. ____ The center got so hot it became a star we call the _______. ____ A powerful force called _______________ pulled the g ...
... ____ The disk grew thinner as the solar nebula continued spinning. ____ The solar nebula began spinning and _____________. ____ The explosion made waves that squeezed the cloud. ____ The center got so hot it became a star we call the _______. ____ A powerful force called _______________ pulled the g ...
Plasma densities from spacecraft potential
... The potential near a probe (Vn) is influenced by the potential of the long radial wire booms that are at spacecraft potential. According to modelling, for Debye lengths longer than the probe system, can (Vn – V0) be lifted to be approximately 18 % of (Vs – V0), where Vs is the spacecraft potential ...
... The potential near a probe (Vn) is influenced by the potential of the long radial wire booms that are at spacecraft potential. According to modelling, for Debye lengths longer than the probe system, can (Vn – V0) be lifted to be approximately 18 % of (Vs – V0), where Vs is the spacecraft potential ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.