Heat Turn Down the Confronting
... will lead to less water resources in summer months and high risks of torrential floods. In the Balkans, a higher risk of drought results in potential declines for crop yields, urban health, and energy generation. In Macedonia, yield losses are projected of up to 50 percent for maize, wheat, vegetabl ...
... will lead to less water resources in summer months and high risks of torrential floods. In the Balkans, a higher risk of drought results in potential declines for crop yields, urban health, and energy generation. In Macedonia, yield losses are projected of up to 50 percent for maize, wheat, vegetabl ...
Review Copy
... The impact of global warming on the energy consumption of a country for space heating and cooling depends on the current and future regional climate, the required thermal comfort inside buildings, and technical building features such as thermal insulation quality. Quantitative projections of future ...
... The impact of global warming on the energy consumption of a country for space heating and cooling depends on the current and future regional climate, the required thermal comfort inside buildings, and technical building features such as thermal insulation quality. Quantitative projections of future ...
Thermal tolerance and climate warming sensitivity in tropical snails David J. Marshall
... occupied by E. malaccana might not be entirely representative of the thermal regimes of other species lower on the shore, the maximum temperatures experienced should be similar among all species of similar size and roughly comparable morphology, assuming mid-day solar exposure (Helmuth et al. 2002). ...
... occupied by E. malaccana might not be entirely representative of the thermal regimes of other species lower on the shore, the maximum temperatures experienced should be similar among all species of similar size and roughly comparable morphology, assuming mid-day solar exposure (Helmuth et al. 2002). ...
How warm days increase belief in global warming.
... task and answered the same temperature, belief and concern questions used in study 1. Results from study 2 show that increased knowledge does not eliminate the local warming effect. A moderation analysis using hierarchical multiple regression revealed a main effect of perceived temperature deviation ...
... task and answered the same temperature, belief and concern questions used in study 1. Results from study 2 show that increased knowledge does not eliminate the local warming effect. A moderation analysis using hierarchical multiple regression revealed a main effect of perceived temperature deviation ...
"Greenhouse warming? What greenhouse warming?" PDF
... (a) natural radiative forcing from changes in solar activity; (b) natural radiative forcing from changes in volcanic activity; (c) anthropogenic radiative forcing from emissions of CO2 and other well-mixed greenhouse gases; (d) anthropogenic radiative forcing from changes in tropospheric and stratos ...
... (a) natural radiative forcing from changes in solar activity; (b) natural radiative forcing from changes in volcanic activity; (c) anthropogenic radiative forcing from emissions of CO2 and other well-mixed greenhouse gases; (d) anthropogenic radiative forcing from changes in tropospheric and stratos ...
Heat capacity, time constant, and sensitivity of Earth`s climate system
... Figure 2. Time series of global ocean heat content anomaly (left axis) and global mean surface temperature anomaly (right axis). Global ocean heat content data L300, L700, and L3000, are from Levitus et al. [2005] for ocean depths from the surface to 300, 700, and 3000 m, respectively. For L300 and ...
... Figure 2. Time series of global ocean heat content anomaly (left axis) and global mean surface temperature anomaly (right axis). Global ocean heat content data L300, L700, and L3000, are from Levitus et al. [2005] for ocean depths from the surface to 300, 700, and 3000 m, respectively. For L300 and ...
Advancing climate ambition: How city-scale actions can contribute to
... Urban building energy use, due to building energy codes, standards, and retrofit programs or requirements, including for lighting and appliances, as well as provision of district energy or incentives for solar PV, in both residential and commercial buildings; Urban passenger transport, due to land u ...
... Urban building energy use, due to building energy codes, standards, and retrofit programs or requirements, including for lighting and appliances, as well as provision of district energy or incentives for solar PV, in both residential and commercial buildings; Urban passenger transport, due to land u ...
`Future` climate and impacts - Climatic Research Unit
... Heat waves have readily discernible health impacts because they result in a large number of deaths and affect relatively large, heterogeneous areas simultaneously. Not all heat waves have a similar impact on mortality; the intensity, duration and timing of the event are particularly important. Illne ...
... Heat waves have readily discernible health impacts because they result in a large number of deaths and affect relatively large, heterogeneous areas simultaneously. Not all heat waves have a similar impact on mortality; the intensity, duration and timing of the event are particularly important. Illne ...
Ocean heat uptake and the global surface temperature record
... According to one estimate, the top 2000 m of the ocean took up 240 ZJ of heat energy between 1955 and 2010, but only increased in temperature by about 0.09°C due to its high heat capacity14. If the lower 10 km of the atmosphere were able to absorb this same quantity of heat it would warm by 36°C. Th ...
... According to one estimate, the top 2000 m of the ocean took up 240 ZJ of heat energy between 1955 and 2010, but only increased in temperature by about 0.09°C due to its high heat capacity14. If the lower 10 km of the atmosphere were able to absorb this same quantity of heat it would warm by 36°C. Th ...
The green economy: a strategic approach to sustainable
... estimated that the Caribbean region is now 75% urbanised with variations in urban growth patterns across countries (Cohen 2004). Urban growth and development in Caribbean is often marred by growing informal settlements, urban sprawl, inefficient resource use and increasing demands on services such a ...
... estimated that the Caribbean region is now 75% urbanised with variations in urban growth patterns across countries (Cohen 2004). Urban growth and development in Caribbean is often marred by growing informal settlements, urban sprawl, inefficient resource use and increasing demands on services such a ...
Impact of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation on Ocean
... find a small negative correlation between H and q. We suggest that this is due to methodological differences. In particular, Geoffroy et al. [2013b] include the ocean mixed layer, the atmosphere, and the land domain in the upper layer of the EBM, while here we have focused on the ocean domain. We al ...
... find a small negative correlation between H and q. We suggest that this is due to methodological differences. In particular, Geoffroy et al. [2013b] include the ocean mixed layer, the atmosphere, and the land domain in the upper layer of the EBM, while here we have focused on the ocean domain. We al ...
The Impact of Decentralization and Urban Governance on
... crippling traffic congestion; declining safety and security, and increased dissatisfaction by urban residents. These problems are exacerbated by the challenges brought on by the adverse impacts of climate change. Many Asian cities lack the mandate, resources and capability to deal with these multipl ...
... crippling traffic congestion; declining safety and security, and increased dissatisfaction by urban residents. These problems are exacerbated by the challenges brought on by the adverse impacts of climate change. Many Asian cities lack the mandate, resources and capability to deal with these multipl ...
View Full Text-PDF - International Journal of Current Research in
... combination with a change in climate cannot be predicted due to a lack of understanding of the influence of climate change on plant disease (Chakraborty et al., 2002). With high temperature stress predicted to be important in the world over, average maximum daily temperatures in major wheat-growing ...
... combination with a change in climate cannot be predicted due to a lack of understanding of the influence of climate change on plant disease (Chakraborty et al., 2002). With high temperature stress predicted to be important in the world over, average maximum daily temperatures in major wheat-growing ...
Climate change drives warming in the Hudson River Estuary, New
... 0.015 C per year which equates to a 0.945 C warming of annual mean temperature over the course of the 63 year series 1946–2008. The rate of warming is faster than previously reported annual warming trends for the Hudson14,15 but is relatively pedestrian compared to warming reported in other estu ...
... 0.015 C per year which equates to a 0.945 C warming of annual mean temperature over the course of the 63 year series 1946–2008. The rate of warming is faster than previously reported annual warming trends for the Hudson14,15 but is relatively pedestrian compared to warming reported in other estu ...
Analysis of Monthly, Seasonal and Annual Air Temperature
... surface air temperature warmed by 0.6 ± 0.2℃ during the 20th century, accompanied by changes in the hydrologic cycle. Of all the climate elements, temperature plays a major role in detecting climate change brought about by urbanization and industrialization. This study focuses on the variability and ...
... surface air temperature warmed by 0.6 ± 0.2℃ during the 20th century, accompanied by changes in the hydrologic cycle. Of all the climate elements, temperature plays a major role in detecting climate change brought about by urbanization and industrialization. This study focuses on the variability and ...
Key issues disproving global warming
... 1700 and 1850 shown below. Warming indeed actually occurred much faster during the pre-industrial age, even though the IPCC and other institutions claim that the extraordinary rapid changes between 1980 and 2005 were caused by anthropogenic CO2. The alleged dramatic increase between 1980 and 2005 is ...
... 1700 and 1850 shown below. Warming indeed actually occurred much faster during the pre-industrial age, even though the IPCC and other institutions claim that the extraordinary rapid changes between 1980 and 2005 were caused by anthropogenic CO2. The alleged dramatic increase between 1980 and 2005 is ...
Variation in the sensitivity of organismal body and geographic scales
... body temperature sensitivity, BTS), and (iii) the thermal physiological tolerances of the species (hereafter organismal vulnerability). Additionally, because species are usually distributed over large geographic areas, geographic variation in all three components must also be considered. Although ma ...
... body temperature sensitivity, BTS), and (iii) the thermal physiological tolerances of the species (hereafter organismal vulnerability). Additionally, because species are usually distributed over large geographic areas, geographic variation in all three components must also be considered. Although ma ...
Influence of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Planetary Wave
... Here, we build on recent work by developing an observational temperature-based fingerprint for QRA conditions. We examine, both in long-term historical observations and state-of-the-art (“CMIP5”) climate model simulations, the changes over time in the projection of this fingerprint. Our study focuse ...
... Here, we build on recent work by developing an observational temperature-based fingerprint for QRA conditions. We examine, both in long-term historical observations and state-of-the-art (“CMIP5”) climate model simulations, the changes over time in the projection of this fingerprint. Our study focuse ...
file
... allows one to decompose the simulated temperature change as T LW SW SU RF C O N V ERR ...
... allows one to decompose the simulated temperature change as T LW SW SU RF C O N V ERR ...
Resilience an approach for urban climate change
... largely due to its strategic location. The dramatic change in land use in and around the city will have both direct (runoff hydrology) and indirect (UHI) impacts on the urban water cycle, resulting in more frequent and higher magnitude floods. Like other cities, urgent action is necessary to prevent ...
... largely due to its strategic location. The dramatic change in land use in and around the city will have both direct (runoff hydrology) and indirect (UHI) impacts on the urban water cycle, resulting in more frequent and higher magnitude floods. Like other cities, urgent action is necessary to prevent ...
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The
... temperature of the surrounding air or surface when organisms are directly exposed to solar radiation (Bell, 1995; Williams and Morritt, 1995; Williams et al., 2005; Denny and Harley, 2006; Marshall et al., 2010), for example when invertebrates and algae are aerially exposed at low tide. Subtidally, ...
... temperature of the surrounding air or surface when organisms are directly exposed to solar radiation (Bell, 1995; Williams and Morritt, 1995; Williams et al., 2005; Denny and Harley, 2006; Marshall et al., 2010), for example when invertebrates and algae are aerially exposed at low tide. Subtidally, ...
AdaptHCMC
... The City is located downstream of the Saigon-Dongnai River with a relatively flat terrain; the hydrology of its rivers and canals is highly affected not only by the East Sea tide but also by water reservoirs upstream at the present and in the future. In the context of global climate change, adaptati ...
... The City is located downstream of the Saigon-Dongnai River with a relatively flat terrain; the hydrology of its rivers and canals is highly affected not only by the East Sea tide but also by water reservoirs upstream at the present and in the future. In the context of global climate change, adaptati ...
Current Impact of Thermal Extremes
... Options for Quantifying the Health Risk of Thermal Extremes: Summary Different study methodologies exist for identifying and quantifying impact of thermal extremes Epidemiological and air-mass based studies end up focusing on, and have their results driven by, the same set of acute events Ava ...
... Options for Quantifying the Health Risk of Thermal Extremes: Summary Different study methodologies exist for identifying and quantifying impact of thermal extremes Epidemiological and air-mass based studies end up focusing on, and have their results driven by, the same set of acute events Ava ...
Full-Text PDF
... Heat-related mortality is among the largest and most quantifiable of the expected impacts of climate change on human health [1]. Urban areas are particularly susceptible to the effects of heat due to the heat island effect, as well as large populations of vulnerable individuals [2]. The Northeastern ...
... Heat-related mortality is among the largest and most quantifiable of the expected impacts of climate change on human health [1]. Urban areas are particularly susceptible to the effects of heat due to the heat island effect, as well as large populations of vulnerable individuals [2]. The Northeastern ...
Projected Heat-Related Mortality in the US Urban Northeast
... Heat-related mortality is among the largest and most quantifiable of the expected impacts of climate change on human health [1]. Urban areas are particularly susceptible to the effects of heat due to the heat island effect, as well as large populations of vulnerable individuals [2]. The Northeastern ...
... Heat-related mortality is among the largest and most quantifiable of the expected impacts of climate change on human health [1]. Urban areas are particularly susceptible to the effects of heat due to the heat island effect, as well as large populations of vulnerable individuals [2]. The Northeastern ...
Urban heat island
An urban heat island (UHI) is a city or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. The phenomenon was first investigated and described by Luke Howard in the 1810s, although he was not the one to name the phenomenon. The temperature difference usually is larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent when winds are weak. UHI is most noticeable during the summer and winter. The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces. Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor. As a population center grows, it tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature. The less-used term heat island refers to any area, populated or not, which is consistently hotter than the surrounding area.Monthly rainfall is greater downwind of cities, partially due to the UHI. Increases in heat within urban centers increases the length of growing seasons, and decreases the occurrence of weak tornadoes. The UHI decreases air quality by increasing the production of pollutants such as ozone, and decreases water quality as warmer waters flow into area streams and put stress on their ecosystems.Not all cities have a distinct urban heat island. Mitigation of the urban heat island effect can be accomplished through the use of green roofs and the use of lighter-colored surfaces in urban areas, which reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat.There are concerns raised about possible contribution from urban heat islands to global warming. Research on China and India indicates that urban heat island effect contributes to climate warming by about 30%. On the other hand, one 1999 comparison between urban and rural areas proposed that the urban heat island effects have little influence on global mean temperature trends. Many studies reveal increases in the severity of the effect with the progress of climate change.