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Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry

... greater than 56 the nucleus should fall apart to become more stable. Fusion 98% of all matter in the Universe is made of hydrogen and helium At its conception only the lightest element, hydrogen was around but later as the universe expanded, stars were born when the hydrogen clouds collapsed under g ...
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... nuclear fission chain reaction takes place is controlled. In conventional nuclear fission reactors, the splitting of uranium235 nuclei releases energy in form of heat, which produces high-pressure steam to spin turbines and thus generate electricity. ...
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... ) and no charge ( ). Thus, it causes change in or numbers. Gamma rays almost accompany alpha and beta radiation. However, since there is effect on mass number or atomic number, they are usually from nuclear equations. ...
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... 5. Metallic Character - a measure of how easily an atom gives up electrons and forms a positive ion. This depends on how tightly or loosely the electrons are held by the nucleus. (Atoms with better shielding tend to be more metallic.) a. Group Trend – metallic character increases moving down in a gr ...
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Nuclear binding energy

Nuclear binding energy is the energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts. These component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. The binding energy of nuclei is due to the attractive forces that hold these nucleons together and this is usually a positive number, since most nuclei would require the expenditure of energy to separate them into individual protons and neutrons. The mass of an atomic nucleus is usually less than the sum of the individual masses of the constituent protons and neutrons (according to Einstein's equation E=mc2) and this 'missing mass' is known as the mass defect, and represents the energy that was released when the nucleus was formed.The term nuclear binding energy may also refer to the energy balance in processes in which the nucleus splits into fragments composed of more than one nucleon. If new binding energy is available when light nuclei fuse, or when heavy nuclei split, either process can result in release of this binding energy. This energy may be made available as nuclear energy and can be used to produce electricity as in (nuclear power) or in a nuclear weapon. When a large nucleus splits into pieces, excess energy is emitted as photons (gamma rays) and as the kinetic energy of a number of different ejected particles (nuclear fission products).The nuclear binding energies and forces are on the order of a million times greater than the electron binding energies of light atoms like hydrogen.The mass defect of a nucleus represents the mass of the energy of binding of the nucleus, and is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the nucleons of which it is composed.
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