Climate Change - EPA
... IPCC assessment report states that effective mitigation and adaptation strategies must be implemented immediately to reduce the risks that climate change poses to the state’s environmental, social and economic systems. It has been suggested that even minor delays in implementing mitigation strategie ...
... IPCC assessment report states that effective mitigation and adaptation strategies must be implemented immediately to reduce the risks that climate change poses to the state’s environmental, social and economic systems. It has been suggested that even minor delays in implementing mitigation strategie ...
Bureaucratic Land Rush - Global Public Policy Institute
... Representing China in the IPCC required a scientific expertise that at the time could only be offered by the CMA. Through its scientific expertise and credentials as well as its international experience, the CMA succeeded in retaining its role as the coordinating administration for climate change po ...
... Representing China in the IPCC required a scientific expertise that at the time could only be offered by the CMA. Through its scientific expertise and credentials as well as its international experience, the CMA succeeded in retaining its role as the coordinating administration for climate change po ...
Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea
... comprehensively from the available scientifically legitimate literature (e.g. peer reviewed literature, conference proceedings, reports of scientific institutes). Influence or funding from groups with a political, economical or ideological agenda will not be allowed; however, questions from such gro ...
... comprehensively from the available scientifically legitimate literature (e.g. peer reviewed literature, conference proceedings, reports of scientific institutes). Influence or funding from groups with a political, economical or ideological agenda will not be allowed; however, questions from such gro ...
Here - Lawrence Torcello
... about how we ought to live in relation to others. We may draw from the sciences in order to offer a moral analysis (as I do here), but our obligation is to offer sound arguments about viable ways to engage in moral decision making and to debunk unsound arguments.1 Drawing attention to the relationsh ...
... about how we ought to live in relation to others. We may draw from the sciences in order to offer a moral analysis (as I do here), but our obligation is to offer sound arguments about viable ways to engage in moral decision making and to debunk unsound arguments.1 Drawing attention to the relationsh ...
PDF
... Climate Alliance / Klima-Bündnis 2003; However, this ambitious reduction target, set in the Climate Alliance Manifesto 1990, generally will not be reached and the Climate Alliance Declaration following in 2000 already scales down expectations: “reducing CO2-emissions to a per-capita-value viable wit ...
... Climate Alliance / Klima-Bündnis 2003; However, this ambitious reduction target, set in the Climate Alliance Manifesto 1990, generally will not be reached and the Climate Alliance Declaration following in 2000 already scales down expectations: “reducing CO2-emissions to a per-capita-value viable wit ...
In Defense of Emissions Egalitarianism?
... required. It is neither obvious what exactly the good is that we are concerned with nor how to classify it. Starting with the former, different terminologies are employed throughout the literature: in addition to “the atmosphere” the respective common good is referred to as “climate”, “climate chang ...
... required. It is neither obvious what exactly the good is that we are concerned with nor how to classify it. Starting with the former, different terminologies are employed throughout the literature: in addition to “the atmosphere” the respective common good is referred to as “climate”, “climate chang ...
Climate change and drought policy in Victoria: context and
... Our current social and economic systems are built on unlimited use of cheap fossil fuels, the main cause of anthropogenic climate change. Our heating and cooling, personal transport and movement of goods, the way we light our homes and produce the goods and services we have come to take for granted, ...
... Our current social and economic systems are built on unlimited use of cheap fossil fuels, the main cause of anthropogenic climate change. Our heating and cooling, personal transport and movement of goods, the way we light our homes and produce the goods and services we have come to take for granted, ...
Going to town - Germanwatch eV
... A general shortcoming of a typical project scheme is that most IEs are UN institutions, multilateral development banks or governmental agencies, many of which have a banking background or solid experience in dealing with larger investments. While they are capable of meeting high fiduciary standards ...
... A general shortcoming of a typical project scheme is that most IEs are UN institutions, multilateral development banks or governmental agencies, many of which have a banking background or solid experience in dealing with larger investments. While they are capable of meeting high fiduciary standards ...
- Wiley Online Library
... X901M, X902L, X903H, X904M, X905L, and X906H from the Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). In the current dynamic vegetation model, some parameters are more important than others in determining the vegetation distribution. Parameters that control ...
... X901M, X902L, X903H, X904M, X905L, and X906H from the Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). In the current dynamic vegetation model, some parameters are more important than others in determining the vegetation distribution. Parameters that control ...
Interesting times: winners, losers, and system shifts under climate
... and quite complex ecology, including a size-resolved microbial web; nutrient, light, and space-based primary production; 37 age-structured ecological groups (from forage fish to top predators, listed in Supplementary Table A1), some resolved to the species level; multiple genetic stocks per group; a ...
... and quite complex ecology, including a size-resolved microbial web; nutrient, light, and space-based primary production; 37 age-structured ecological groups (from forage fish to top predators, listed in Supplementary Table A1), some resolved to the species level; multiple genetic stocks per group; a ...
Geography (GEOG)
... This course explores concepts and current thinking on global climate change and environmental impacts. It covers the history of Earth's climate, causes of climate change and current research attempting to forecast change. The biotic, economic, and social implications of climate change are discussed. ...
... This course explores concepts and current thinking on global climate change and environmental impacts. It covers the history of Earth's climate, causes of climate change and current research attempting to forecast change. The biotic, economic, and social implications of climate change are discussed. ...
PDF
... Measurement Costs. A mechanism to verify the quantity of carbon sequestered is needed as carbon is not directly measurable. Either buyer or landowners would have to incur the cost of measuring carbon (through lab experiments or other sources), which ultimately means an abrasion of landowners' payoff ...
... Measurement Costs. A mechanism to verify the quantity of carbon sequestered is needed as carbon is not directly measurable. Either buyer or landowners would have to incur the cost of measuring carbon (through lab experiments or other sources), which ultimately means an abrasion of landowners' payoff ...
Climate Change in Zambia
... earmarked for such activities and has compiled significant evidence base that is highlighted in this report. The report is based on extensive review of existing published and unpublished literature, policy documents and projects documents that government has developed and signed with cooperating par ...
... earmarked for such activities and has compiled significant evidence base that is highlighted in this report. The report is based on extensive review of existing published and unpublished literature, policy documents and projects documents that government has developed and signed with cooperating par ...
View/Open - Dora.dmu.ac.uk
... (Conference of the Parties 21) may see a significant increase in media attention. ...
... (Conference of the Parties 21) may see a significant increase in media attention. ...
LCCARL267_en.pdf
... These Caribbean islands and the adjacent sea areas are immensely varied, ranging from very low sandy cays to high volcanic islands and seismic activity with land areas of less than 1 km2 to more than 100,000 km2, while offshore the topography ranges from deep ocean trenches to extensive ...
... These Caribbean islands and the adjacent sea areas are immensely varied, ranging from very low sandy cays to high volcanic islands and seismic activity with land areas of less than 1 km2 to more than 100,000 km2, while offshore the topography ranges from deep ocean trenches to extensive ...
the whole inaugural address as pdf
... But also the fact that these problems are played out at different levels of scale (locally and globally). And finally, these problems are also complex because there are many feedbacks and relationships with other issues. To take just one example, the agriculture sector is affected by climate change ...
... But also the fact that these problems are played out at different levels of scale (locally and globally). And finally, these problems are also complex because there are many feedbacks and relationships with other issues. To take just one example, the agriculture sector is affected by climate change ...
AFRICA`S BEST READ - Department of Environmental Affairs
... based on their ability to make a difference, with a focus on giving a voice to people who may not be well known or regularly heard. The individuals profiled in these pages are not the only ones who are making a difference – but they are the ones we have found inspirational. We are sure we have misse ...
... based on their ability to make a difference, with a focus on giving a voice to people who may not be well known or regularly heard. The individuals profiled in these pages are not the only ones who are making a difference – but they are the ones we have found inspirational. We are sure we have misse ...
Characterising half a degree difference: A review of methods for
... time series (relative to 1861–1890) for different model runs, from Betts et al.44 Model runs which exceed 4 C are highlighted in orange. (c) Schematic illustration of pattern scaling: for each model (shown by different colors), regional climate anomalies are regressed against global temperature, an ...
... time series (relative to 1861–1890) for different model runs, from Betts et al.44 Model runs which exceed 4 C are highlighted in orange. (c) Schematic illustration of pattern scaling: for each model (shown by different colors), regional climate anomalies are regressed against global temperature, an ...
Lesson 4. Energy in
... of reflecting light as individual suspended aerosols in the atmosphere. Now consider the massive amount of aerosols produced by the Icelandic volcano. With the injection of so much particulate matter high into the atmosphere, how may the earth’s albedo be affected? How might the ratio of energy refl ...
... of reflecting light as individual suspended aerosols in the atmosphere. Now consider the massive amount of aerosols produced by the Icelandic volcano. With the injection of so much particulate matter high into the atmosphere, how may the earth’s albedo be affected? How might the ratio of energy refl ...
Catastrophe modelling and climate change
... Atmospheric levels of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide are higher than at any time during the last 800,000 years. The main causes for this are the combustion of fossil fuels and changes in land use. Since pre-industrial times atmospheric CO2 concentrations have in ...
... Atmospheric levels of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide are higher than at any time during the last 800,000 years. The main causes for this are the combustion of fossil fuels and changes in land use. Since pre-industrial times atmospheric CO2 concentrations have in ...
instructions for formatting your manuscript
... Emission Scenarios (Nakićenović et al., 2000) to develop climate scenarios for two twenty-year time periods centered on the years 2030 and 2100. The scenarios result in a wide range of GHG emissions and atmospheric concentrations. We used the relatively low, mid-range, and high GHG emissions scenari ...
... Emission Scenarios (Nakićenović et al., 2000) to develop climate scenarios for two twenty-year time periods centered on the years 2030 and 2100. The scenarios result in a wide range of GHG emissions and atmospheric concentrations. We used the relatively low, mid-range, and high GHG emissions scenari ...
PDF
... achieved under the national program alone. In this case, emissions sources must surrender both state and federal allowances to comply with the two jurisdictions. If a source only needed to surrender to one jurisdiction, it would choose abatement levels such that marginal abatement costs equaled the ...
... achieved under the national program alone. In this case, emissions sources must surrender both state and federal allowances to comply with the two jurisdictions. If a source only needed to surrender to one jurisdiction, it would choose abatement levels such that marginal abatement costs equaled the ...
A Summary of Climate Change Risks for London
... affected by water supply-demand deficits (based on existing population levels). Adaptation action will be needed to increase water efficiency across all sectors and decrease levels of water abstraction in the summer months. ...
... affected by water supply-demand deficits (based on existing population levels). Adaptation action will be needed to increase water efficiency across all sectors and decrease levels of water abstraction in the summer months. ...
Climate Changes Caucasus - WWF
... floods and storms, sea level rise and associated coastal erosion, climate change will no doubt put a challenge to the future development in the Southern Caucasus. To reduce impacts will require the enhancement of ecosystem resilience and the introduction of specific climate adaptation measures with ...
... floods and storms, sea level rise and associated coastal erosion, climate change will no doubt put a challenge to the future development in the Southern Caucasus. To reduce impacts will require the enhancement of ecosystem resilience and the introduction of specific climate adaptation measures with ...
A Framework for the Development of New Socio
... essential not only for understanding potential impacts, but also as input for possible decision-making about adaptation to climate change’s effects. In each case, the flow of information has been one-way, from one set of models to another, with little opportunity for feedback among the three primary ...
... essential not only for understanding potential impacts, but also as input for possible decision-making about adaptation to climate change’s effects. In each case, the flow of information has been one-way, from one set of models to another, with little opportunity for feedback among the three primary ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.