Heat stress and the fitness consequences of climate change for
... latitudinal gradient. Our analyses have two main goals. First, we quantify the predicted changes in mean and variation in fitness in response to climate change and how these vary with latitude. Secondly, we propose and apply two indicators that quantify the potential for heat stress due to high tempe ...
... latitudinal gradient. Our analyses have two main goals. First, we quantify the predicted changes in mean and variation in fitness in response to climate change and how these vary with latitude. Secondly, we propose and apply two indicators that quantify the potential for heat stress due to high tempe ...
CRS Report for Congress Global Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol
... hexafluoride (SF6). The most prominent of these, and the most pervasive in human economic activity is carbon dioxide, produced when wood or fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas are burned. ...
... hexafluoride (SF6). The most prominent of these, and the most pervasive in human economic activity is carbon dioxide, produced when wood or fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas are burned. ...
Coutts et al 2007
... • ateb.f90 is a single layer model for consistency with the vegetation canopy scheme (e.g., CABLE) • For regional climate modelling, this is acceptable since the results of Kusaka et al (2001) suggest that the fluxes calculated by a single level model are close to that obtained from multi-level mode ...
... • ateb.f90 is a single layer model for consistency with the vegetation canopy scheme (e.g., CABLE) • For regional climate modelling, this is acceptable since the results of Kusaka et al (2001) suggest that the fluxes calculated by a single level model are close to that obtained from multi-level mode ...
perspectives on climate change - Canadian Institute of Planners
... considerable gap between what planners actually do and what they feel they should be doing. Responses from the focus groups shed further light on some of the differences in the survey data. The general feeling in all the focus groups was that planners are “just too busy” to include climate change im ...
... considerable gap between what planners actually do and what they feel they should be doing. Responses from the focus groups shed further light on some of the differences in the survey data. The general feeling in all the focus groups was that planners are “just too busy” to include climate change im ...
Global Climate Change
... of reflecting light as individual suspended aerosols in the atmosphere. Now consider the massive amount of aerosols produced by the Icelandic volcano. With the injection of so much particulate matter high into the atmosphere, how may the earth’s albedo be affected? How might the ratio of energy refl ...
... of reflecting light as individual suspended aerosols in the atmosphere. Now consider the massive amount of aerosols produced by the Icelandic volcano. With the injection of so much particulate matter high into the atmosphere, how may the earth’s albedo be affected? How might the ratio of energy refl ...
Analysis on Carbon Information Disclosure of Chinese Forestry
... enterprises can realize the importance of environmental protection, and regard carbon emissions reduction as an important social responsibility to climate change. But many enterprises have not made it clear how to fulfill their promise during their production, some of them even know no more than the ...
... enterprises can realize the importance of environmental protection, and regard carbon emissions reduction as an important social responsibility to climate change. But many enterprises have not made it clear how to fulfill their promise during their production, some of them even know no more than the ...
Climate changes of the twentieth through twenty-first
... 11-year activity cycle and a longer-term component based on sunspot variations. The effect of stratospheric aerosols due to volcanic activity was introduced by reducing the solar irradiance at the model’s top of the atmosphere (by changing the solar constant) as a ...
... 11-year activity cycle and a longer-term component based on sunspot variations. The effect of stratospheric aerosols due to volcanic activity was introduced by reducing the solar irradiance at the model’s top of the atmosphere (by changing the solar constant) as a ...
changing risks in changing climate
... any socio-economic scenarios, but each of them is consistent with many socio-economic storylines because different socio-economic futures could lead to similar changes in atmospheric GHGs concentrations. Future impact can be shaped by regionally-modeled future projections in demography, land-use and ...
... any socio-economic scenarios, but each of them is consistent with many socio-economic storylines because different socio-economic futures could lead to similar changes in atmospheric GHGs concentrations. Future impact can be shaped by regionally-modeled future projections in demography, land-use and ...
Miocene tectonics and climate forcing of biodiversity, western United
... because relief creates diverse local habitats capable of supporting diverse faunas. The advent of major regional tectonic events ca. 17.5 Ma, including high-angle extensional faulting, must have abruptly increased topographic and ecosystem diversity, which helped drive faunal diversity increases. We ...
... because relief creates diverse local habitats capable of supporting diverse faunas. The advent of major regional tectonic events ca. 17.5 Ma, including high-angle extensional faulting, must have abruptly increased topographic and ecosystem diversity, which helped drive faunal diversity increases. We ...
i3437e02
... herders and livestock keepers for environmental service provision, such as water services, biodiversity protection and carbon capture, can create both social and environmental gains if appropriate incentive mechanisms can be found. This report focuses on the contribution of livestock to climate chan ...
... herders and livestock keepers for environmental service provision, such as water services, biodiversity protection and carbon capture, can create both social and environmental gains if appropriate incentive mechanisms can be found. This report focuses on the contribution of livestock to climate chan ...
The Cost of Climate Change: What We`ll Pay if
... NRDC’s Policy Recommendations for Reducing U.S. Emissions Continuing on the business-as-usual path will make global warming not just an environmental crisis, but an economic one as well. That’s why we must act immediately to reduce global warming emissions 80 percent by 2050 and take ourselves off t ...
... NRDC’s Policy Recommendations for Reducing U.S. Emissions Continuing on the business-as-usual path will make global warming not just an environmental crisis, but an economic one as well. That’s why we must act immediately to reduce global warming emissions 80 percent by 2050 and take ourselves off t ...
... game. Last year, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), reflecting the consensus opinion of the world’s top physical and social scientists, found with near certainty that human activities are changing the world’s climate. It is difficult to know exactly how these change ...
Maryland Commission on Climate Change
... in Maryland, a second Executive Order was issued to strengthen the MCCC. The new order expanded the membership of the commission to include nongovernmental members, consisting of representatives from local governments, the business community and non-profit organizations, as well as at-large members. ...
... in Maryland, a second Executive Order was issued to strengthen the MCCC. The new order expanded the membership of the commission to include nongovernmental members, consisting of representatives from local governments, the business community and non-profit organizations, as well as at-large members. ...
Rising TempeRs, Rising TempeRaTuRes:
... on average increasing from one in eight years to one in every two or three years. The impact of such a change of agricultural production and pastoral lifestyles is substantial, as these populations, therefore, may be forced to migrate in order to subsist. Much of the current concern regarding the se ...
... on average increasing from one in eight years to one in every two or three years. The impact of such a change of agricultural production and pastoral lifestyles is substantial, as these populations, therefore, may be forced to migrate in order to subsist. Much of the current concern regarding the se ...
Groundwater and climate in Africa—a review
... Projected changes in land cover are dominated by the conversion of forest to cropland and increased urbanisation (FAO, 2001). The sub-surface environment in Africa consists primarily of low-transmissivity weathered basement rocks and mudstones (MacDonald et al., 2009), as well as large sedimentary b ...
... Projected changes in land cover are dominated by the conversion of forest to cropland and increased urbanisation (FAO, 2001). The sub-surface environment in Africa consists primarily of low-transmissivity weathered basement rocks and mudstones (MacDonald et al., 2009), as well as large sedimentary b ...
Climate change and Sea-level rise
... The Sun‟s energy drives the weather and climate and heats Earth‟s surface. In turn, Earth reradiates and reflects the energy back to space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and others) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat like the glass p ...
... The Sun‟s energy drives the weather and climate and heats Earth‟s surface. In turn, Earth reradiates and reflects the energy back to space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and others) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat like the glass p ...
How will climate change affect mycotoxins in food?
... preserved for decades and so a quantitative analysis of mycotoxins in plant samples may be possible (if the relevant herbarium samples exist). For example, Fusarium graminearum DNA and deoxnivalenol could be measured in the wheat samples mentioned by Shaw et al. (2008) as the fungus is a well known ...
... preserved for decades and so a quantitative analysis of mycotoxins in plant samples may be possible (if the relevant herbarium samples exist). For example, Fusarium graminearum DNA and deoxnivalenol could be measured in the wheat samples mentioned by Shaw et al. (2008) as the fungus is a well known ...
Presentation ()
... Expect phenotypic changes that depart from the historical condition, for example More resident fish Smaller fish Different out-migration timing Different return timing ...
... Expect phenotypic changes that depart from the historical condition, for example More resident fish Smaller fish Different out-migration timing Different return timing ...
Programme Plan - Norges forskningsråd
... changes in a global perspective. On the other side, a number of the central climate processes in our region are of great global importance, something which creates good synergy between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improve ...
... changes in a global perspective. On the other side, a number of the central climate processes in our region are of great global importance, something which creates good synergy between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improve ...
Programme plan - Norges forskningsråd
... changes in a global perspective. On the other side, a number of the central climate processes in our region are of great global importance, something which creates good synergy between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improve ...
... changes in a global perspective. On the other side, a number of the central climate processes in our region are of great global importance, something which creates good synergy between national research niches and strategies within climate research and the requirements in order to achieve an improve ...
http://en.openei.org/w/images/2/29/GhanaGreen.pdf
... it will keep working to support economic growth, whatever the future weather conditions. What may be needed is a mix of large and small initiatives, from large-scale infrastructure adaptation to small-scale village level initiatives such as rainwater harvesting. Climate change is a risk to the natur ...
... it will keep working to support economic growth, whatever the future weather conditions. What may be needed is a mix of large and small initiatives, from large-scale infrastructure adaptation to small-scale village level initiatives such as rainwater harvesting. Climate change is a risk to the natur ...
Climate change and water in the UK – past
... regional projections. Lack of information, or perhaps just a perception of a lack of information, seems to act as a barrier to adaptation action (Moser and Ekstrom, 2010). Even when decision-makers consciously choose approaches that favour flexible or low-regrets solutions, such as scenario-neutral ...
... regional projections. Lack of information, or perhaps just a perception of a lack of information, seems to act as a barrier to adaptation action (Moser and Ekstrom, 2010). Even when decision-makers consciously choose approaches that favour flexible or low-regrets solutions, such as scenario-neutral ...
REPORT Gridded 1 x 1 km climate and hydrological
... models often have to deal with processes at a finer scale and therefore require data of higher spatial resolution than the climate models normally can provide. In addition, outputs of GCM/RCMs are often flawed with systematic biases. This is due to inadequate knowledge of key physical processes and ...
... models often have to deal with processes at a finer scale and therefore require data of higher spatial resolution than the climate models normally can provide. In addition, outputs of GCM/RCMs are often flawed with systematic biases. This is due to inadequate knowledge of key physical processes and ...
Climate change and agriculture: Agricultural trade, markets and
... increased production from the areas that will ‘benefit’ from climate change is smaller than the decline in those that will ‘lose’, global supply will fall and prices will rise. This direct impact would be additional to all of the others influences on global demand and supply (such as rising incomes ...
... increased production from the areas that will ‘benefit’ from climate change is smaller than the decline in those that will ‘lose’, global supply will fall and prices will rise. This direct impact would be additional to all of the others influences on global demand and supply (such as rising incomes ...
Philippine businesses’ response to climate
... However, some see the lack of regulation as a threat too. Businesses want more information and support from government and they want a clear policy framework. This needs to be consistent between the national and local level and it needs to be enforced. However, only 42% of businesses are engaging wi ...
... However, some see the lack of regulation as a threat too. Businesses want more information and support from government and they want a clear policy framework. This needs to be consistent between the national and local level and it needs to be enforced. However, only 42% of businesses are engaging wi ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.