PROJECT IDENTIFICATION FORM (PIF)
... reducing vulnerability to natural disasters and Good Governance by providing systems that protect and benefit the poor. ...
... reducing vulnerability to natural disasters and Good Governance by providing systems that protect and benefit the poor. ...
Humanists For Revolutionary Socialism
... the social scene. Behind the façade of the social commodity, everybody feels alone. The only way to escape this deep feeling of loneliness and separateness is by turning on the TV or the computer when one comes home. The alienated person must engage in mindless, passive activities in which independe ...
... the social scene. Behind the façade of the social commodity, everybody feels alone. The only way to escape this deep feeling of loneliness and separateness is by turning on the TV or the computer when one comes home. The alienated person must engage in mindless, passive activities in which independe ...
Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review
... changes in the direction and magnitude of climate extremes is generally low, although as the IPCC (2012) points out, low confidence in projections of changes in extremes does not mean that such changes are necessarily unlikely. Similarly, given current limits of understanding of the underlying proce ...
... changes in the direction and magnitude of climate extremes is generally low, although as the IPCC (2012) points out, low confidence in projections of changes in extremes does not mean that such changes are necessarily unlikely. Similarly, given current limits of understanding of the underlying proce ...
A Framework for the Development of New Socio
... essential not only for understanding potential impacts, but also as input for possible decision-making about adaptation to climate change’s effects. In each case, the flow of information has been one-way, from one set of models to another, with little opportunity for feedback among the three primary ...
... essential not only for understanding potential impacts, but also as input for possible decision-making about adaptation to climate change’s effects. In each case, the flow of information has been one-way, from one set of models to another, with little opportunity for feedback among the three primary ...
Influence of feedback on the stochastic evolution of simple climate systems
... Global warming couples a variety of effects on multiple space and time scales, from fast atmospheric circulation on a daily or weekly time scale to slow, largescale ocean circulation that varies on time scales of centuries to millennia. It is also greatly influenced by feedback mechanisms that includ ...
... Global warming couples a variety of effects on multiple space and time scales, from fast atmospheric circulation on a daily or weekly time scale to slow, largescale ocean circulation that varies on time scales of centuries to millennia. It is also greatly influenced by feedback mechanisms that includ ...
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... equator, this results in a more or less symmetrical distribution of climate about the equator (THOMPSON, 1965), which is modified by regional factors such as topography and large water bodies. In other words, Africa experiences a wide variety of climate regimes, ranging from deserts to tropical rain ...
... equator, this results in a more or less symmetrical distribution of climate about the equator (THOMPSON, 1965), which is modified by regional factors such as topography and large water bodies. In other words, Africa experiences a wide variety of climate regimes, ranging from deserts to tropical rain ...
Is co-producing science for adaptation decision
... Over the last decade, researchers have repeatedly sought to understand why adaptation planning and decision-making have failed to progress as quickly as once hoped. A major concern is that policy paralysis and inaction have arisen due to practical difficulties of delivering climate science that can ...
... Over the last decade, researchers have repeatedly sought to understand why adaptation planning and decision-making have failed to progress as quickly as once hoped. A major concern is that policy paralysis and inaction have arisen due to practical difficulties of delivering climate science that can ...
PRE/POST UNIT ASSESSMENT AND SURVEY
... Which of the following best describes the mechanism behind the change in beak size in the finch population? a) The formation of two new finch species from a single parent species. b) A change in allele frequencies in the finch population due to selective pressure from the environmental change. c) A ...
... Which of the following best describes the mechanism behind the change in beak size in the finch population? a) The formation of two new finch species from a single parent species. b) A change in allele frequencies in the finch population due to selective pressure from the environmental change. c) A ...
Kimberly Marion Suiseeya - Initiative on Climate Adaptation
... mechanism that contributes to reduced CO2e emissions and poverty alleviation. The Forest Carbon Partnership Fund identified Laos as one of the first REDD-Ready countries to receive pilot funding for forest conservation. REDD, however, has the potential to contribute to uncertainty for communities, i ...
... mechanism that contributes to reduced CO2e emissions and poverty alleviation. The Forest Carbon Partnership Fund identified Laos as one of the first REDD-Ready countries to receive pilot funding for forest conservation. REDD, however, has the potential to contribute to uncertainty for communities, i ...
The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species
... three fruit fly species (Drosophilia spp.) and a parasitoid wasp (Leptopiliana boulardi) to show the impact of interspecific competition on the distribution of species under simulated climate change. Using a particular cline of 15 °C it was demonstrated that competition markedly altered the distribu ...
... three fruit fly species (Drosophilia spp.) and a parasitoid wasp (Leptopiliana boulardi) to show the impact of interspecific competition on the distribution of species under simulated climate change. Using a particular cline of 15 °C it was demonstrated that competition markedly altered the distribu ...
Predicting species responses to climate change: demography and
... that survived to adulthood) with the current distribution of saplings (which bounds the possible extent of the future adult distribution). Young valley oaks also may be especially vulnerable to drought effects of climate change (Matzner et al., 2003; Tyler et al., 2006) exacerbated by ongoing anthro ...
... that survived to adulthood) with the current distribution of saplings (which bounds the possible extent of the future adult distribution). Young valley oaks also may be especially vulnerable to drought effects of climate change (Matzner et al., 2003; Tyler et al., 2006) exacerbated by ongoing anthro ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook MODULE 8: Climate-smart Livestock
... The livestock sector is a major contributor to climate change, generating significant emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). Livestock contribute to climate change by emitting GHGs either directly (e.g. from enteric fermentation and manure management) or indirectly ...
... The livestock sector is a major contributor to climate change, generating significant emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). Livestock contribute to climate change by emitting GHGs either directly (e.g. from enteric fermentation and manure management) or indirectly ...
The challenges of building cosmopolitan climate expertise
... demands for public accountability. Since being widely accepted as the most neutral and authoritative source of expertise on climate change, the IPCC has become a victim of its own success and has strayed into the line of fire. Events such as the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to the IPCC and Al G ...
... demands for public accountability. Since being widely accepted as the most neutral and authoritative source of expertise on climate change, the IPCC has become a victim of its own success and has strayed into the line of fire. Events such as the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to the IPCC and Al G ...
Observed Climate Change and the Negligible Global Effect of
... China adds an additional Alaska’s worth of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each and every month (over and above its baseline emissions). This leads to the inescapable conclusion that even a complete cessation of all carbon dioxide emissions originating from Alaska would be subsumed by global gree ...
... China adds an additional Alaska’s worth of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each and every month (over and above its baseline emissions). This leads to the inescapable conclusion that even a complete cessation of all carbon dioxide emissions originating from Alaska would be subsumed by global gree ...
4. an assessment of the role of anthropogenic climate change
... in June, not shown). In nature, Alaska temperatures display a statewide warming of about 1°C in the annual mean and about 1.5°C in May–July since 1920; precipitation trends over the same period are mixed (Bieniek et al. 2014; see also NOAA’s Climate at a Glance, www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag). Possible reas ...
... in June, not shown). In nature, Alaska temperatures display a statewide warming of about 1°C in the annual mean and about 1.5°C in May–July since 1920; precipitation trends over the same period are mixed (Bieniek et al. 2014; see also NOAA’s Climate at a Glance, www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag). Possible reas ...
Regional Climate Change Curriculum Development ToT Report
... One of the questions that posed to the LELUP team at the beginning and end of the TOT was: “Would you feel comfortable teaching this right now?” Initially we received a full spectrum of feedback from the participants, such as: “This is all new stuff for us.” “I ...
... One of the questions that posed to the LELUP team at the beginning and end of the TOT was: “Would you feel comfortable teaching this right now?” Initially we received a full spectrum of feedback from the participants, such as: “This is all new stuff for us.” “I ...
Changes in the potential distribution of humid tropical forests on a
... with maps of ecological zones defined by climate (e.g. [8,9]), as climate generally exerts the largest influence on the distribution of vegetation types at the global scale [10]. However, there is no commonly accepted delineation of tropicalforest types because, in reality, the transition between them ...
... with maps of ecological zones defined by climate (e.g. [8,9]), as climate generally exerts the largest influence on the distribution of vegetation types at the global scale [10]. However, there is no commonly accepted delineation of tropicalforest types because, in reality, the transition between them ...
Dissemination of information on climate change: a case study KwaNgwanase in KwaZulu-Natal
... poverty of many poor rural communities in developing countries by damaging the natural resources on which they depend for survival. All sectors, including the library and information services (LIS) sector, should make an effort to understand this phenomenon, and ensure that information related to cl ...
... poverty of many poor rural communities in developing countries by damaging the natural resources on which they depend for survival. All sectors, including the library and information services (LIS) sector, should make an effort to understand this phenomenon, and ensure that information related to cl ...
Major Climate Feedback Processes Water Vapor Feedback Snow
... If Earth’s albedo and greenhouse effect remained unchanged at that time, Earth’s mean surface temperature would be well below the freezing point of water during a large portion of its 4.5 Byr history. That would result in a “snowball” Earth, which was not evident in geologic record. ...
... If Earth’s albedo and greenhouse effect remained unchanged at that time, Earth’s mean surface temperature would be well below the freezing point of water during a large portion of its 4.5 Byr history. That would result in a “snowball” Earth, which was not evident in geologic record. ...
Geographic disparities and moral hazards in the predicted impacts
... the same degree, application of niche modelling to a species as widespread and well known as humans may also provide insight into the implicit logic and general limitations of niche modelling in ecology. Humans are globally distributed, but human population density is regionally variable. Accordingl ...
... the same degree, application of niche modelling to a species as widespread and well known as humans may also provide insight into the implicit logic and general limitations of niche modelling in ecology. Humans are globally distributed, but human population density is regionally variable. Accordingl ...
Regional climate change and its impact on photooxidant
... [2] The change of global climate due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases is expected to result in higher summer temperatures and less precipitation in Germany. Though the results of global climate simulations show some differences depending on the assumed greenhouse gas emission scenarios ...
... [2] The change of global climate due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases is expected to result in higher summer temperatures and less precipitation in Germany. Though the results of global climate simulations show some differences depending on the assumed greenhouse gas emission scenarios ...
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... Political attention has increasingly focused on limiting warming to 2°C. However, to date the only mitigation commitments accompanying this target are the so-called Copenhagen pledges, and these pledges appear to be inconsistent with the 2°C objective. Diverging opinions on whether this inconsistenc ...
... Political attention has increasingly focused on limiting warming to 2°C. However, to date the only mitigation commitments accompanying this target are the so-called Copenhagen pledges, and these pledges appear to be inconsistent with the 2°C objective. Diverging opinions on whether this inconsistenc ...
Climate change and European forests: What do we know, what are
... 2013; Dantec et al., 2014). Using simple scenarios with few climate variables as input to impact studies therefore pose limitations in capturing the full picture of likely changes which we may expect to see in the future from climate change. Current trends in projecting future climate are usually gi ...
... 2013; Dantec et al., 2014). Using simple scenarios with few climate variables as input to impact studies therefore pose limitations in capturing the full picture of likely changes which we may expect to see in the future from climate change. Current trends in projecting future climate are usually gi ...
The role of HFCs in mitigating 21st century climate change
... ∗ HFC-23 is not included in the scenarios discussed here. Although it is currently the second most abundant HFC in the atmosphere, it is assumed that the ...
... ∗ HFC-23 is not included in the scenarios discussed here. Although it is currently the second most abundant HFC in the atmosphere, it is assumed that the ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.