Chem*3560 Lecture 29: Membrane Transport and metabolism
... α-Ketoglutarate that accumulates in the cytoplasm can return to the mitochondrion via the α-ketoglutarate carrier in exchange for malate, and then can continue in the TCA cycle. Since malate is also the substrate exchanged for isocitrate, the same amount of malate is used in each direction, so there ...
... α-Ketoglutarate that accumulates in the cytoplasm can return to the mitochondrion via the α-ketoglutarate carrier in exchange for malate, and then can continue in the TCA cycle. Since malate is also the substrate exchanged for isocitrate, the same amount of malate is used in each direction, so there ...
1 - Medical Mastermind Community
... had not eaten for the last two days, due to a mild infection. Blood glucose and ketone body levels were found to be abnormally low, while circulating non-esterified fatty acids were greatly elevated. An abnormality in which one of the following enzymes is most ...
... had not eaten for the last two days, due to a mild infection. Blood glucose and ketone body levels were found to be abnormally low, while circulating non-esterified fatty acids were greatly elevated. An abnormality in which one of the following enzymes is most ...
Chapter 9 outline
... In the electron transport chain – Electrons from NADH and FADH2 lose energy in several steps ATP synthase – Is the enzyme that actually makes ATP At certain steps along the electron transport chain – Electron transfer causes protein complexes to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermemb ...
... In the electron transport chain – Electrons from NADH and FADH2 lose energy in several steps ATP synthase – Is the enzyme that actually makes ATP At certain steps along the electron transport chain – Electron transfer causes protein complexes to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermemb ...
Regulation of Glycolysis
... Because the principle function of glycolysis is to produce ATP, it must be regulated so that ATP is generated only when needed. The enzyme which controls the flux of metabolites through the glycolytic pathway is phosphofructokinase (PFK-1). PFK-1 is an allosteric enzyme that occupies the key regulat ...
... Because the principle function of glycolysis is to produce ATP, it must be regulated so that ATP is generated only when needed. The enzyme which controls the flux of metabolites through the glycolytic pathway is phosphofructokinase (PFK-1). PFK-1 is an allosteric enzyme that occupies the key regulat ...
SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY - Georgia Institute of Technology
... GAP Dehydrogenase Mechanism Phosphate Binding Pi ...
... GAP Dehydrogenase Mechanism Phosphate Binding Pi ...
Global phosphoproteomic effects of natural tyrosine kinase inhibitor
... balanced activity of protein kinases and protein phosphatases [1, 2]. The human kinome is composed of over 518 protein kinases (http://kinase.com), more than 150 of the protein kinases were reported to be disease associated [3, 4]. Most protein kinases phosphorylate serine and threonine residues, bu ...
... balanced activity of protein kinases and protein phosphatases [1, 2]. The human kinome is composed of over 518 protein kinases (http://kinase.com), more than 150 of the protein kinases were reported to be disease associated [3, 4]. Most protein kinases phosphorylate serine and threonine residues, bu ...
The Process of Cellular Respiration
... Lactic Acid Fermentation pyruvate is reduced to form lactate (ionized form of lactic acid) - No release of CO2 – Used some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. – Muscle cells use this when to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimate ...
... Lactic Acid Fermentation pyruvate is reduced to form lactate (ionized form of lactic acid) - No release of CO2 – Used some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. – Muscle cells use this when to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimate ...
Noppl40 Shuttles on Tracks
... suggested that at least one of the identically repeated consensus sites is phosphorylated (Figure 3A, serine 567). This confirmed that CK II type phosphorylation indeed occurs in cellular Noppl40. Besides CK II sites, protein pattern analysis revealed 19 protein kinase C consensus sites, most of whi ...
... suggested that at least one of the identically repeated consensus sites is phosphorylated (Figure 3A, serine 567). This confirmed that CK II type phosphorylation indeed occurs in cellular Noppl40. Besides CK II sites, protein pattern analysis revealed 19 protein kinase C consensus sites, most of whi ...
Lecture Power Point
... Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose (Glc) which functions as the primary short term energy storage in muscle cells (myofiber). Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the sarcoplasm, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle. ...
... Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose (Glc) which functions as the primary short term energy storage in muscle cells (myofiber). Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the sarcoplasm, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle. ...
Energetics of the nerve terminal in relation to central nervous system
... only some of which had high ATP/ADP ratios and the capacity to produce energy [6]. However, this conclusion was based on the finding that the overall ATP/ADP was only 2.18, whereas values as high as 5-6 have been obtained in studies by other authors (Table 2) [4,15]. Moreover, Leong et al. [ 161 rep ...
... only some of which had high ATP/ADP ratios and the capacity to produce energy [6]. However, this conclusion was based on the finding that the overall ATP/ADP was only 2.18, whereas values as high as 5-6 have been obtained in studies by other authors (Table 2) [4,15]. Moreover, Leong et al. [ 161 rep ...
presentation source
... denatured into polypeptide components This mixture is separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF); on the application of a current, the charged polypeptide subunits migrate in a polyacrylamide gel strip that contains an immobilized pH gradient until they reach the pH at which their overall charge is neu ...
... denatured into polypeptide components This mixture is separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF); on the application of a current, the charged polypeptide subunits migrate in a polyacrylamide gel strip that contains an immobilized pH gradient until they reach the pH at which their overall charge is neu ...
Carbohydrate
... adults however, adolescents and young adults are developing type 2 diabetes at an alarming rate. It develops when the body doesn't make enough insulin and doesn’t efficiently use the insulin it makes (insulin resistance). Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in children and young adults. In type 1 diabete ...
... adults however, adolescents and young adults are developing type 2 diabetes at an alarming rate. It develops when the body doesn't make enough insulin and doesn’t efficiently use the insulin it makes (insulin resistance). Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in children and young adults. In type 1 diabete ...
final review blue packet 2015
... Why do you think that someone might call photsynthesis “autotrophic nutrition”? Autotrophic comes from the Greek words “auto” which means self and “trophic” which means nutrition or feeding. So autotrophic nutrition would refer to an organism that feeds itself, or produces their own food. ...
... Why do you think that someone might call photsynthesis “autotrophic nutrition”? Autotrophic comes from the Greek words “auto” which means self and “trophic” which means nutrition or feeding. So autotrophic nutrition would refer to an organism that feeds itself, or produces their own food. ...
Proteomics - University of Warwick
... An Organism is typically an individual life form composed of interdependent parts (organs). The organs have specific functions and they are composed by cells. A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organ and is microscopic. Proteins do most of the work in cells and are required ...
... An Organism is typically an individual life form composed of interdependent parts (organs). The organs have specific functions and they are composed by cells. A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organ and is microscopic. Proteins do most of the work in cells and are required ...
Biochemistry of Cardiac Muscle and Lung
... Even mild ischemia reduces the concentration of ATP and creatinephosphate, increases the level of inorganic phosphate → activation of glycolysis (glucose needed from the bloodstream into the heart cells) → increase in the concentration of pyruvate → conversion by LDH to lactate. ...
... Even mild ischemia reduces the concentration of ATP and creatinephosphate, increases the level of inorganic phosphate → activation of glycolysis (glucose needed from the bloodstream into the heart cells) → increase in the concentration of pyruvate → conversion by LDH to lactate. ...
Set 5 - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... a). generate NADPH that is used for a variety of purposesnet biosynthetic, reductive pathways & glutathione reduction b). generate 4, 5, and 7 carbon sugars for biosynthetic purposes c). allow 4, 5, and 7 carbon sugars to be utilized as either an energy source, source of glucose for storage, or as b ...
... a). generate NADPH that is used for a variety of purposesnet biosynthetic, reductive pathways & glutathione reduction b). generate 4, 5, and 7 carbon sugars for biosynthetic purposes c). allow 4, 5, and 7 carbon sugars to be utilized as either an energy source, source of glucose for storage, or as b ...
Transcript
... together covalently during a condensation reaction, just like amino acids are linked together by condensation reactions to form polypeptides, and just as nucleotides are linked to form nucleic acids. The bond that forms between monosaccharides is called a glycosidic linkage. When two monosaccharides ...
... together covalently during a condensation reaction, just like amino acids are linked together by condensation reactions to form polypeptides, and just as nucleotides are linked to form nucleic acids. The bond that forms between monosaccharides is called a glycosidic linkage. When two monosaccharides ...
Anti-HK I: Mouse Hexokinase I Antibody
... BACKGROUND The hexokinases (HKs) utilize Mg-ATP as a phosphoryl donor to catalyze the first step of intracellular glucose metabolism, the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. ). Thus, Hexokinase initiates all major pathways of intracellular glucose utilization Four hexokinase isoenzymes ha ...
... BACKGROUND The hexokinases (HKs) utilize Mg-ATP as a phosphoryl donor to catalyze the first step of intracellular glucose metabolism, the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. ). Thus, Hexokinase initiates all major pathways of intracellular glucose utilization Four hexokinase isoenzymes ha ...
2 ATP - Hobbs High School
... • Example: Enzymes catalyze these redox reactions with the help of cofactors such as nicotinamide adesosine dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ accepts a pair of electrons (redox) from the substrate as well as a proton. Another proton is donated to the solution. This forms NADH which is an electron carrier. T ...
... • Example: Enzymes catalyze these redox reactions with the help of cofactors such as nicotinamide adesosine dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ accepts a pair of electrons (redox) from the substrate as well as a proton. Another proton is donated to the solution. This forms NADH which is an electron carrier. T ...
In Silico Prediction of Peroxisomal Proteins in Mouse
... being synthesized with a signal peptide that targets them to the secretory pathway. However, a protein encoded by clone 1300019N10 does not contain a signal peptide and thus represents an unusual trypsin-like protease with a potential to be targeted to a subcellular compartment. The presence of prot ...
... being synthesized with a signal peptide that targets them to the secretory pathway. However, a protein encoded by clone 1300019N10 does not contain a signal peptide and thus represents an unusual trypsin-like protease with a potential to be targeted to a subcellular compartment. The presence of prot ...
III. Metabolism
... Lactate fermentation is important in red blood cells, parts of the retina and in skeletal muscle cells during extreme high activity. Also important in plants and microbes growing in absence of O2. ∆G’° = -25.1 kJ/mol ...
... Lactate fermentation is important in red blood cells, parts of the retina and in skeletal muscle cells during extreme high activity. Also important in plants and microbes growing in absence of O2. ∆G’° = -25.1 kJ/mol ...
printed handout sheets
... 18. Glucagon, GLP and GIP stimulate through G-proteins, adenyl cyclase and cyclic AMP. 19. Catecholamines signal via -receptors, G-proteins and adenyl cyclase, but inhibit the storage granule docking system via -receptors. The inhibitory effect normally prevails. 20. Free fatty acids have a biphas ...
... 18. Glucagon, GLP and GIP stimulate through G-proteins, adenyl cyclase and cyclic AMP. 19. Catecholamines signal via -receptors, G-proteins and adenyl cyclase, but inhibit the storage granule docking system via -receptors. The inhibitory effect normally prevails. 20. Free fatty acids have a biphas ...
Biochemistry
... 4) Starvation or diabetes low enzyme activity. 5) PFK-activated by cAMP, AMP, Frc 6P, Pi and frc 2,6 bisP (in liver). ...
... 4) Starvation or diabetes low enzyme activity. 5) PFK-activated by cAMP, AMP, Frc 6P, Pi and frc 2,6 bisP (in liver). ...
How Does Alpha-L-Polylactate™ in Cytomax® Work Faster than
... ost cellular energy is generated in an area of the cell called the mitochondria, also referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell.” The mitochondria within cells are where oxygen is utilized (Lehninger). Mitochondria form a vast energy production and distribution network, in which the products of foo ...
... ost cellular energy is generated in an area of the cell called the mitochondria, also referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell.” The mitochondria within cells are where oxygen is utilized (Lehninger). Mitochondria form a vast energy production and distribution network, in which the products of foo ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).