File
... to ATP. 7. Oxidation of succinate by FAD produces reduced FADH2 and fumarate. 8. Fumarate is converted into malate. 9. Oxidation of malate by NAD+ produces reduced NADH and oxaloacetate. Two molecules of acetyl-CoA from the link reaction enter the citric acid cycle. This results in the formation of ...
... to ATP. 7. Oxidation of succinate by FAD produces reduced FADH2 and fumarate. 8. Fumarate is converted into malate. 9. Oxidation of malate by NAD+ produces reduced NADH and oxaloacetate. Two molecules of acetyl-CoA from the link reaction enter the citric acid cycle. This results in the formation of ...
Cellular Respiration
... Summary of ATP Production • The electron transport chain accounts for almost 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle • For each molecule of glucose degraded to CO2 and water by respiration, the cell makes up to 32 ...
... Summary of ATP Production • The electron transport chain accounts for almost 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle • For each molecule of glucose degraded to CO2 and water by respiration, the cell makes up to 32 ...
Anaerobic Pathways Glycolysis
... • Source and storage of glucose • Glycogen – glucose polymer – Hormone control: – Insulin - stimulates storage of glucose in glycogen – Glucagon – reverse (glycogenolysis) ...
... • Source and storage of glucose • Glycogen – glucose polymer – Hormone control: – Insulin - stimulates storage of glucose in glycogen – Glucagon – reverse (glycogenolysis) ...
Cell Respiration
... Due to the small volume of this space, it quickly becomes concentrated with protons. This creates 2 areas with different proton concentrations – LOW in matrix, HIGH in intermembrane space. ...
... Due to the small volume of this space, it quickly becomes concentrated with protons. This creates 2 areas with different proton concentrations – LOW in matrix, HIGH in intermembrane space. ...
Oxidative degradation of glucose File
... production of energy and is found in the cytosol of all cells. • Glycolysis can function under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. • Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. Pyruvate is then converted to Acetyl CoA. • 2. In the second pathway, Citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA is further oxidized to CO2 an ...
... production of energy and is found in the cytosol of all cells. • Glycolysis can function under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. • Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. Pyruvate is then converted to Acetyl CoA. • 2. In the second pathway, Citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA is further oxidized to CO2 an ...
plainumWhey protein
... Building Blocks: It provides protein and amino acids, which serve as building blocks for increased muscle growth. ...
... Building Blocks: It provides protein and amino acids, which serve as building blocks for increased muscle growth. ...
Respiration 1 PDF
... • We’ll only examine the most common fuel = sugar (C6H12O6) • Exergonic rxn: ∆G = -686 kcal/mol of Glucose (the energy will be used to generate ATP) ...
... • We’ll only examine the most common fuel = sugar (C6H12O6) • Exergonic rxn: ∆G = -686 kcal/mol of Glucose (the energy will be used to generate ATP) ...
Cellular Respiration
... • We’ll only examine the most common fuel = sugar (C6H12O6) • Exergonic rxn: ∆G = -686 kcal/mol of Glucose (the energy will be used to generate ATP) ...
... • We’ll only examine the most common fuel = sugar (C6H12O6) • Exergonic rxn: ∆G = -686 kcal/mol of Glucose (the energy will be used to generate ATP) ...
Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
... Cycle (occurs in light or dark) – CO2 is fixed into organic compounds – ATP and NADPH2 act with CO2 C6H12O6 (glucose) – Happens in the stroma of the chloroplast ...
... Cycle (occurs in light or dark) – CO2 is fixed into organic compounds – ATP and NADPH2 act with CO2 C6H12O6 (glucose) – Happens in the stroma of the chloroplast ...
WEEK 11
... polysaccharides. Saccharide means sugar. MONOSACCHARIDES are simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to a smaller carbohydrate molecule. DISACCHARIDES can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharide units. POLYSACCHARIDES are carbohydrates that on hydrolysis form many monosaccharide units. In our bodies, ...
... polysaccharides. Saccharide means sugar. MONOSACCHARIDES are simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to a smaller carbohydrate molecule. DISACCHARIDES can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharide units. POLYSACCHARIDES are carbohydrates that on hydrolysis form many monosaccharide units. In our bodies, ...
PDF file
... of the first glucose to Tyr 194 by a glucose-Otyrosil linkage. This first glucose residue is bound to the subsequent glucose residues by α1,4-glucosydic linkage. Then, polymerization continues, synthesizing an α1,4-glucan bound to protein. Tyr 194 and the amino acids flanking it which are conserved ...
... of the first glucose to Tyr 194 by a glucose-Otyrosil linkage. This first glucose residue is bound to the subsequent glucose residues by α1,4-glucosydic linkage. Then, polymerization continues, synthesizing an α1,4-glucan bound to protein. Tyr 194 and the amino acids flanking it which are conserved ...
Metabolic Pathways a..
... Pathways for Pyruvate Anaerobic conditions (No O2 available) Reduce to lactate to replenish NAD+ for glycolysis O ...
... Pathways for Pyruvate Anaerobic conditions (No O2 available) Reduce to lactate to replenish NAD+ for glycolysis O ...
notes - Main
... 1. Before amino acids can be catabolized, they must be converted to substances that can enter the Krebs cycle. These conversions involve deamination, decarboxylation, and hydrogenation (Figure 25.14). 2. Amino acids can be converted into glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. D. Protein Anabolism ...
... 1. Before amino acids can be catabolized, they must be converted to substances that can enter the Krebs cycle. These conversions involve deamination, decarboxylation, and hydrogenation (Figure 25.14). 2. Amino acids can be converted into glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. D. Protein Anabolism ...
Biochemistry 7/e
... While phosphorylase a is bound to PP1 and GL, PP1 is inactive and thus nonfunctional. Upon glucose binding, conformation of phosphorylase a is changed to T state. This causes detachment of PP1 and GL from phosphorylase a. Upon conformational change to T state, serine 14 on phosphorylase a is ...
... While phosphorylase a is bound to PP1 and GL, PP1 is inactive and thus nonfunctional. Upon glucose binding, conformation of phosphorylase a is changed to T state. This causes detachment of PP1 and GL from phosphorylase a. Upon conformational change to T state, serine 14 on phosphorylase a is ...
ch25 Metabolism
... 1. Before amino acids can be catabolized, they must be converted to substances that can enter the Krebs cycle. These conversions involve deamination, decarboxylation, and hydrogenation (Figure 25.14). 2. Amino acids can be converted into glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. D. Protein Anabolism ...
... 1. Before amino acids can be catabolized, they must be converted to substances that can enter the Krebs cycle. These conversions involve deamination, decarboxylation, and hydrogenation (Figure 25.14). 2. Amino acids can be converted into glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies. D. Protein Anabolism ...
Communication between Mating Yeast Cells
... Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is one of the most widely used second messengers Adenylyl cyclase, an enzyme in the plasma membrane, converts ATP to cAMP in response to an extracellular signal ...
... Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is one of the most widely used second messengers Adenylyl cyclase, an enzyme in the plasma membrane, converts ATP to cAMP in response to an extracellular signal ...
PART IV Metabolism Introduction to Metabolism
... ATP and NADPH are the sources of free energy for biosynthetic reactions ...
... ATP and NADPH are the sources of free energy for biosynthetic reactions ...
PG1005 Lecture 12 Kreb`s Citric Acid Cycle
... cytosol to the establishment of electron harvesting reactions in the mitochondrial matrix • To revise the general mechanisms of glucose uptake. • To describe the enzymatic reactions occurring at each step of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To hig ...
... cytosol to the establishment of electron harvesting reactions in the mitochondrial matrix • To revise the general mechanisms of glucose uptake. • To describe the enzymatic reactions occurring at each step of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To hig ...
AP Biology - gwbiology
... where oxygen is used as a reactant. It uses the kreb’s cycle and the ETC. 2. Use the following terms correctly in a sentence: redox reactions, oxidation, reduction, reducing agent and oxidizing agent. A redox reaction is an electron transfer where one substance loses electons, called oxidation, and ...
... where oxygen is used as a reactant. It uses the kreb’s cycle and the ETC. 2. Use the following terms correctly in a sentence: redox reactions, oxidation, reduction, reducing agent and oxidizing agent. A redox reaction is an electron transfer where one substance loses electons, called oxidation, and ...
Bioenergetics - A+ College Ready
... Once you are comfortable passing electrons, add in the protons moving across the protein complexes, into the intermembrane space and then through ATP synthase to generate ATP. Use your textbook, each other, and me as a resource. I will be videotaping the process and product. ...
... Once you are comfortable passing electrons, add in the protons moving across the protein complexes, into the intermembrane space and then through ATP synthase to generate ATP. Use your textbook, each other, and me as a resource. I will be videotaping the process and product. ...
Lecture 2: Glycolysis Part 1 - Berkeley MCB
... NOTE: Thermo eqs. are energetically true, but they not always mechanistic reality. ...
... NOTE: Thermo eqs. are energetically true, but they not always mechanistic reality. ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).