Bios 302 FINAL FOR 1999.
... 10. (15 pts) Illustrate in a schematic manner how the amino group on alanine formed in muscle can be converted to urea for nitrogen excretion and how the carbons are returned to muscle (specific reactions not required but major pathway precursors and products (names or structures) are necessary, tra ...
... 10. (15 pts) Illustrate in a schematic manner how the amino group on alanine formed in muscle can be converted to urea for nitrogen excretion and how the carbons are returned to muscle (specific reactions not required but major pathway precursors and products (names or structures) are necessary, tra ...
Gluconeogensis
... b. Cleaves CO2 & attaches a phosphate to oxaloacetate c. Called a kinase b/c ATP is involved d. Single ATP can’t add phosphate to pyruvate to make PEP b/c it requires more energy than the ATP has i. Doing it this way is more energetically favorable (cutting off the CO2) ii. Jesse asks a question in ...
... b. Cleaves CO2 & attaches a phosphate to oxaloacetate c. Called a kinase b/c ATP is involved d. Single ATP can’t add phosphate to pyruvate to make PEP b/c it requires more energy than the ATP has i. Doing it this way is more energetically favorable (cutting off the CO2) ii. Jesse asks a question in ...
Fructose-1,6 - LSU School of Medicine
... All the intermediates of glycolysis are part of gluconeogenesis In addition, gluconeogenesis involves oxaloacetate and (indirectly) malate O- ...
... All the intermediates of glycolysis are part of gluconeogenesis In addition, gluconeogenesis involves oxaloacetate and (indirectly) malate O- ...
Chapter 14 (Part 1)
... Inner membrane – Protein rich (4:1 protein:lipid). Impermeable. Contains ETR, ATP synthase, transporters. Cristae – Highly folded inner membrane structure. Increase surface area. Matrix- “cytosol” of the mitochondria. Protein rich (500 mg/ml) Contains TCA cycle enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase, fatty ...
... Inner membrane – Protein rich (4:1 protein:lipid). Impermeable. Contains ETR, ATP synthase, transporters. Cristae – Highly folded inner membrane structure. Increase surface area. Matrix- “cytosol” of the mitochondria. Protein rich (500 mg/ml) Contains TCA cycle enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase, fatty ...
Lecture 6
... • We will not cover the conversion of storage molecules to glucose • We will cover the breakdown of glucose during respiration ...
... • We will not cover the conversion of storage molecules to glucose • We will cover the breakdown of glucose during respiration ...
2007 Exam 3 1. The goal of the oxidative phase of the pentose
... a. ADP has a high energy phosphate bond that can be used in place of ATP if necessary. b. ADP has only half the free energy of ATP. c. half of the cellular pool of ADP is converted to ATP by the ATP synthase. d. half of the cellular pool of ADP is converted to ATP by adenylate kinase. e. half of the ...
... a. ADP has a high energy phosphate bond that can be used in place of ATP if necessary. b. ADP has only half the free energy of ATP. c. half of the cellular pool of ADP is converted to ATP by the ATP synthase. d. half of the cellular pool of ADP is converted to ATP by adenylate kinase. e. half of the ...
3-1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
... activation requires the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit. In most cases, full activation also requires phosphorylation of a threonine residue near the kinase active site. Although originally identified as enzymes that control cell-cycle events, members of the Cdk family are involved in other c ...
... activation requires the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit. In most cases, full activation also requires phosphorylation of a threonine residue near the kinase active site. Although originally identified as enzymes that control cell-cycle events, members of the Cdk family are involved in other c ...
Chapters11-Glycolysis-2014
... Series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. It works by the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into CO2 and G in the form of ATP. The cycle also provides precursors of certain amino acids and of NADH that is used in numerous other bi ...
... Series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy. It works by the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into CO2 and G in the form of ATP. The cycle also provides precursors of certain amino acids and of NADH that is used in numerous other bi ...
Chapter 27 biochem notes [10-2
... F. GLUT 1 – blood-brain barrier, RBCs, and placenta (high affinity) G. GLUT 2 – Liver, kidney, pancreatic ß-cells, Intestinal mucosa H. GLUT 3 – neurons I. GLUT 4 – adipose, skeletal, and heart J. GLUT 5 – intestinal epithelium and spermatozoa (actually a fructose transporter!!!!!) K. Know the above ...
... F. GLUT 1 – blood-brain barrier, RBCs, and placenta (high affinity) G. GLUT 2 – Liver, kidney, pancreatic ß-cells, Intestinal mucosa H. GLUT 3 – neurons I. GLUT 4 – adipose, skeletal, and heart J. GLUT 5 – intestinal epithelium and spermatozoa (actually a fructose transporter!!!!!) K. Know the above ...
Environmental Microbiology – Seminar 31.10
... Explain the mechanism and give examples. In fermentation, energy is gained via substrate level phosphorylation. E.g, Phosphoenolpyruvate reacts with ADP and Pi to Pyruvate and ATP. 2) What happens if there is no O2 in the body? In other words: no NAD+ available and Glycolysis process stops. Without ...
... Explain the mechanism and give examples. In fermentation, energy is gained via substrate level phosphorylation. E.g, Phosphoenolpyruvate reacts with ADP and Pi to Pyruvate and ATP. 2) What happens if there is no O2 in the body? In other words: no NAD+ available and Glycolysis process stops. Without ...
Nutritional Requirements of Non
... Other plant and animal proteins are often used in combination with SBM. • Fishmeal (60-70% CP) (Crude Protein) • Milk products, such as dried skimmed milk (33% CP) and dried whey (13.3% CP) • Meat and bone meal (50% CP) • Spray dried plasma protein and bloodmeal (86% CP) ...
... Other plant and animal proteins are often used in combination with SBM. • Fishmeal (60-70% CP) (Crude Protein) • Milk products, such as dried skimmed milk (33% CP) and dried whey (13.3% CP) • Meat and bone meal (50% CP) • Spray dried plasma protein and bloodmeal (86% CP) ...
Nutritional Requirements of Non
... Other plant and animal proteins are often used in combination with SBM. • Fishmeal (60-70% CP) (Crude Protein) • Milk products, such as dried skimmed milk (33% CP) and dried whey (13.3% CP) • Meat and bone meal (50% CP) • Spray dried plasma protein and bloodmeal (86% CP) ...
... Other plant and animal proteins are often used in combination with SBM. • Fishmeal (60-70% CP) (Crude Protein) • Milk products, such as dried skimmed milk (33% CP) and dried whey (13.3% CP) • Meat and bone meal (50% CP) • Spray dried plasma protein and bloodmeal (86% CP) ...
Syllabus for BASIC METABOLIC PRINCIPLES
... Note that some of the arrows in the pathway point in both directions, indicating that these reactions are reversible; for the reactions catalyzed by E1, E3, and E4, the direction is determined by the concentration of substrate and product for that particular reaction. In contrast, the arrow for t ...
... Note that some of the arrows in the pathway point in both directions, indicating that these reactions are reversible; for the reactions catalyzed by E1, E3, and E4, the direction is determined by the concentration of substrate and product for that particular reaction. In contrast, the arrow for t ...
Energy unit, part 5, Chemoheterotrophic Nutrition
... ● Why food molecules need to be broken down into smaller molecules for energy to be harvested from them. ● The molecule that is oxidized and the molecule that is reduced in any REDOX reaction. ...
... ● Why food molecules need to be broken down into smaller molecules for energy to be harvested from them. ● The molecule that is oxidized and the molecule that is reduced in any REDOX reaction. ...
7.2 Glycolysis
... Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
... Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
Cellular Respiration
... discovered by Louis Pasteur in his study of the chemistry of wines. Yeasts break down the sugars in the juice to pyruvate by glycolysis, then the pyruvate is dismantled to yeild CO2 and ETHANOL. If the fermentation continues until all the sugar is used, a dry wine is produced. If fermentation is sto ...
... discovered by Louis Pasteur in his study of the chemistry of wines. Yeasts break down the sugars in the juice to pyruvate by glycolysis, then the pyruvate is dismantled to yeild CO2 and ETHANOL. If the fermentation continues until all the sugar is used, a dry wine is produced. If fermentation is sto ...
Insulin and glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue
... that span the cell membrane 12 times and have their N- and C-terminals inside the cell • Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in muscle, adipose and some other tissues by increasing the number of GLUTs in the cell membrane • GLUT2 is the glucose transporter for example in β-cells of Langerhans islets i ...
... that span the cell membrane 12 times and have their N- and C-terminals inside the cell • Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in muscle, adipose and some other tissues by increasing the number of GLUTs in the cell membrane • GLUT2 is the glucose transporter for example in β-cells of Langerhans islets i ...
Week III Lecture I slides
... • OXIDATION is the loss of electrons from a substance • REDUCTION is the addition of electrons to a substance ...
... • OXIDATION is the loss of electrons from a substance • REDUCTION is the addition of electrons to a substance ...
Leaving Certificate Biology Photosynthesis Quiz
... Why are red blood cells normally absent from glomerular filtrate? Because they have no nucleus ...
... Why are red blood cells normally absent from glomerular filtrate? Because they have no nucleus ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
Chapter 13 (part 1) - University of Nevada, Reno
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
... • But tissue glycogen is an important energy reservoir - its breakdown is carefully controlled • Glycogen consists of "granules" of high MW • Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose from the nonreducing ends of glycogen molecules • This is a phosphorolysis, not a hydrolysis • Metabolic advantage: pro ...
Carnosine: can understanding its actions on energy metabolism and
... Otto Warburg [20]. However, respiratory activity is not necessarily compromised [21,22] and has recently been proposed to be central to cancer progression [23]. Consensus has yet to be reached on the reasons for these complex metabolic switches, but the high energy and macromolecular precursor deman ...
... Otto Warburg [20]. However, respiratory activity is not necessarily compromised [21,22] and has recently been proposed to be central to cancer progression [23]. Consensus has yet to be reached on the reasons for these complex metabolic switches, but the high energy and macromolecular precursor deman ...
Chapter 29 The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
... Enzymes can cut kinetic barriers only Combining the reaction with an exergonic process (hydrolysis of ATP) converts the energetics of the total process The endergonic reaction is "coupled" to an energetically favorable reaction so that the overall free-energy change for the two reactions toget ...
... Enzymes can cut kinetic barriers only Combining the reaction with an exergonic process (hydrolysis of ATP) converts the energetics of the total process The endergonic reaction is "coupled" to an energetically favorable reaction so that the overall free-energy change for the two reactions toget ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).