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Basic Teacher Planning (for Lent 2017 lessons)
Basic Teacher Planning (for Lent 2017 lessons)

... The Royal Society of New Zealand (a well-respected, independent scientific research organisation) put out a report in March 2016: Climate Change Implications for New Zealand. In this report they tell us that New Zealand is already beginning to see the effects of global warming. Northern and eastern ...
Adaptation: Needs, Financing and Institutions
Adaptation: Needs, Financing and Institutions

... Action on climate change can take the form of mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation concerns all policies and measures aimed at reducing the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2, or at capturing them in forests, oceans or underground reservoirs. Adaptation is the term used to describe all activi ...
PDF
PDF

... Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK The oceans are under pressure from human activities. Following 250 years of industrial activity, effects are being seen at the cellular through to regional and global scales. The change in atmospheric CO2 from 280 ppm in pre-industrial times to 392 ppm in 2011 has contributed to ...
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries

... GDP, and provides an estimated 27 000 jobs, with more than double the number of jobs in secondary industries such as fish processing, transporting fish products and boat building. Subsistence fishing is important for coastal community livelihoods. Many South African fishery resources are overexploit ...
1 Alpine Treeline of Western North America - UNC
1 Alpine Treeline of Western North America - UNC

... Growth Forms and Ecological Interactions The 3-D pattern at treeline is often patchy, including krummholz (prostrate, laterally growing conifers) and dwarf trees (e.g., Weisberg and Baker 1995, Allen and Walsh 1996). Growth and expansion beyond the initial microsite can be facilitated by other plant ...
What is a Tonne? - CarbonSolutions
What is a Tonne? - CarbonSolutions

... Yes, A ton IS 2,000 lbs! This contrasts with a tonne, which is defined in metric terms of 1,000 kg or 2,204.6 lbs. ...
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries in South Africa
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries in South Africa

... GDP, and provides an estimated 27 000 jobs, with more than double the number of jobs in secondary industries such as fish processing, transporting fish products and boat building. Subsistence fishing is important for coastal community livelihoods. Many South African fishery resources are overexploit ...
Effects of vegetation feedback on future climate change over West
Effects of vegetation feedback on future climate change over West

... abrupt severe drought in the mid-Holocene (6000–4000 years ago) over northern Africa is a widely studied paleo-climate phenomenon (deMenocal et al. 2000). This sudden desertification from a “green Sahara” was captured by the asynchronously coupled global atmosphere-biome model (Claussen 1997) and th ...
cyngor cefn gwlad cymru ccw p 08 02
cyngor cefn gwlad cymru ccw p 08 02

... means certain that climate change will result in increased methane emissions from wetlands, particularly in any locality experiencing seasonal decreases in rainfall – as projected for the summer in Wales. vi) Wetland methane emissions in the context of their restoration and management Changes in la ...
Climate change impacts on mass movements
Climate change impacts on mass movements

... part of the record (2000–2009) when only 13 events have been recorded in the valley (Stoffel and Beniston, 2006; Bollschweiler and Stoffel, 2010c; Stoffel et al., 2011). At the meteorological station of Grächen, where daily precipitation measurements extend back to 1864, heavy precipitation events ( ...
Table of Content
Table of Content

... climate change is far from being systematically mainstreamed in national development planning, such as the MKUKUTA, sector and local government plans. There has also been limited consideration of the potential impact of climate change on growth and poverty strategies. Tanzania has prepared a NAPA to ...
FACT SHEET PACKET (Executive Summary - FACT SHEET #6)
FACT SHEET PACKET (Executive Summary - FACT SHEET #6)

... current atmospheric CO2 levels have risen approximately 138 percent above those of the pre-industrial period (Tans, 2010). ...
Jul 16, 2016 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
Jul 16, 2016 - Science and Environmental Policy Project

Kvasi longitudinell undersøkelse av ungdomsskolelevers
Kvasi longitudinell undersøkelse av ungdomsskolelevers

Detection and Attribution of Observed Impacts
Detection and Attribution of Observed Impacts

... Executive Summary Evidence has grown since the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) that impacts of recent changes in climate on natural and human systems occur on all continents and across the oceans. This conclusion is strengthened both by new and longer term observations and through more extensive anal ...
of babies and bathwater: why the clean air act`s cooperative
of babies and bathwater: why the clean air act`s cooperative

... approach. As Victor Flatt and Carol Rose, among others, have noted, CO2 emissions are extraordinarily fungible, in time as well as in space. Carbon dioxide trades, by themselves, do not threaten to create hazardous pollution hot-spots, a problem that has caused environmentalists to resist some other ...
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: Engaging
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: Engaging

... The central argument for climate change adaptation is that climate change is inevitable due to historic emissions and inertia within the climate system.2 Even stringent emissions reduction efforts cannot avoid impacts for some decades to come. Climate change adaptation is therefore essential to redu ...
health perspectives
health perspectives

... the frequency of hot days (Tables ES-1 and ES-2) and the associated increase in heat stress will likely lead to more heat injuries and deaths. Based on the assumption that the mortality rate is related to the projected increase in the number of days where maximum temperature is greater than 95oF and ...
european weather derivatives - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries
european weather derivatives - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries

... throughout Europe compared to the US market. One possible reason for this could be that there is less variation in extremes of weather in Europe compared to the States. The temperature spread is smaller and the seasons less likely to fluctuate greatly. Deregulation of energy markets. ...
PDF
PDF

... to commit themselves to a climate agreement, and what makes climate agreements stable in the sense that participation is enforced by the self-interest of its members. Since climate change is a global externality and thus not fully taken into account, national actions are in general not globally effi ...
Embracing the Climate Challenge: Tasmania`s draft climate change
Embracing the Climate Challenge: Tasmania`s draft climate change

... There is now overwhelming evidence that shows that the earth is warming. 3 However, higher temperatures are only one feature of climate change. Global warming is also predicted to cause changes to other climate variables such as rainfall, wind, evaporation and sea level. These changes are likely to ...
Report
Report

... Many opportunities exist for Gateway to incorporate climate change adaptation into long-term planning across its three park units at Sandy Hook, Staten Island and Jamaica Bay. This entails continuing to adopt an adaptive management approach in order to respond effectively to observed impacts and cha ...
University of Groningen Local cooling, global warming Hekkenberg, M
University of Groningen Local cooling, global warming Hekkenberg, M

... As mentioned above, some of the distinctions in policy design result from the differences in the physico-chemical mechanisms leading to climate change and to ozone depletion, and the functional position of GHGs and ODSs in society. In this section these matterbased and functional position-based diff ...
Carbon and climate system coupling on timescales from the
Carbon and climate system coupling on timescales from the

... Introduction and Motivation The carbon cycle is one of the fundamental processes in the functioning of earth system, intimately connected with both planetary climate and ecology. On the time scale of the human experience, the carbon cycle links human economic activity directly to the geophysical sy ...
My Little COP Pocket Book
My Little COP Pocket Book

... UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In the second part of this series, we will cover the Climate Change Convention. The Heart of UNFCCC The Climate Change Convention (CCC) is the heart of UNFCCC, with everything else revolving around it. It is interesting how the CCC came into being. ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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