• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
PDF format
PDF format

... © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
countryside council for wales
countryside council for wales

... disproportionately large global warming potential on shorter time scales. On a twentyyear timescale methane is weight for weight 56 times more powerful a greenhouse gas. Hence, changes in methane emissions have a proportionately larger effect on climate change compared to carbon dioxide. Ice cores s ...
Desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol interactions
Desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol interactions

... This model has atmospheric, ocean, land and sea ice components, linked together using a coupler. The terrestrial biosphere model is the Community Land Model-Carbon Nitrogen (CLM-CN) model, described in (Thornton et al., 2007, 2009) and evaluated in (Randerson et al., 2009). This model includes N-lim ...
Simulating effects of land use changes on carbon fluxes: past
Simulating effects of land use changes on carbon fluxes: past

... century. In combination, these products provide the opportunity to study the evolution of land use, atmospheric CO2 and climate over the industrial period and this century in a consistent way (Strengers et al., 2004). Recently, a new set of emission scenarios have become available that incorporate t ...
The Long-Run Effects of Climate Change on Conflict
The Long-Run Effects of Climate Change on Conflict

... The goal of this study is to address this important gap in the literature and estimate the long-run effects of climate change on conflict, and to provide evidence that the effects are non-linear with respect to the duration of change. The main barrier to estimating long run effects is the lack of l ...
From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond
From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond

... The  environmental  and  economic  risks  of  the  magnitude  of  climate  change  projected  for  the  21st  century are considerable and have featured prominently in recent international policy debatesviii. The  IPCCix  concluded,  with  very  high  confidence,  that  climate  change  would  imped ...
Climate Change and Agricultural Vulnerability
Climate Change and Agricultural Vulnerability

... framework for the assessment of the impact of climate change. We consider climate scenarios based on experiments with four General Circulation Models (GCM), and we assess the four basic socioeconomic development pathways and emission scenarios as formulated by the IPCC in its Third Assessment Report ...
Statistical methods for the analysis of simulated and observed
Statistical methods for the analysis of simulated and observed

... for national and international projects. The calculated time period covers more than 140 years ranging from e.g. 1960 to 2100. The results are not only available for climate research, but also for studies dealing with climate change impact. This is the first time that experts from other disciplines ...
assessment of changes of extreme wave conditions at the
assessment of changes of extreme wave conditions at the

... of the Cosmo-CLM runs for the 21st century (A1B_1, A1B_2, B1_1, and B1_2) and the 20th century (C20_1 and C20_2). From the ensemble of the differences, the bandwidth of changes between the minimum and maximum differences of the frequency of occurrence was identified for the scenarios 2050 and 2100. ...
Module 11: Groundwater and climate change
Module 11: Groundwater and climate change

... There is considerable uncertainty surrounding the future of Africa’s climate as reported in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Christensen et al., 2007). First, average temperatures are likely to increase. Hulme et al. (2000) show that for Africa as ...
Results compilation 2B - Charles Sturt University
Results compilation 2B - Charles Sturt University

Riparian Ecosystems in the 21st Century: Hotspots for Climate
Riparian Ecosystems in the 21st Century: Hotspots for Climate

... snow depth and season duration, which commonly lead to reduced spring peak flows and higher winter flows (Lapp and others 2005; Goudie 2006; Rood and others 2008). Such effects demonstrate the sensitivity of flow seasonality, as well as volume, to climate change. Indeed, in some regions, shifts in t ...
5b2014 - Maa- ja metsätalousministeriö
5b2014 - Maa- ja metsätalousministeriö

... i.e. benefits that the nature produces for us humans. The most important means of mitigating the risks associated with climate change is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the global scale. Climate change adaptation is closely linked to the international efforts to succeed in climate change mitig ...
$doc.title

... advances  in  climate  modeling  and  model  downscaling  will  be  needed  to  support  policy   decisions  and  the  development  of  new  design  standards.  Broader  consensus  on  the  appropriate   emissions/climate  change  scenarios   ...
Dissipating the fuzziness around interdisciplinarity: The
Dissipating the fuzziness around interdisciplinarity: The

... retain its specific rules, methods and tools. This can be illustrated by the organisation of the IPCC research on climate change around three working groups that study different aspects of the same object: (i) its scientific dimensions, (ii) its impact on the social, economic and environmental spheres ...
Climate Change - Bermuda National Trust
Climate Change - Bermuda National Trust

... Climate change is caused by rising levels of certain gases, known as the greenhouse gases. We will learn more about these in the next section, but they are causing our planet to warm up. The average global temperature has risen by 1°C in the past 100 years and scientists expect this to rise by anoth ...
An Independent National Adaptation Programme for England (625 kB) (opens in new window)
An Independent National Adaptation Programme for England (625 kB) (opens in new window)

... risks. But less frequent events, like the 2007 floods and 2003 heat wave, can have a significant impact on society, economic output and essential services. Climate change will exacerbate these risks. Adaptation is about risk management – to reduce harm and exploit the potential benefits of climate c ...
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive

... Climate change is really happening now. The average global surface temperature has warmed by 0.8_C in the past century and 0.6_C in the past three decades (Hansen et al. 2006), in large part because of human activities (IPCC 2001). A recent report produced by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences co ...
Ecological footprint, climate change and cities
Ecological footprint, climate change and cities

... growth of cities in landscape removes previously clear borders between the city and its surrounding landscape, nature background of the city disappears under pressure of economic activities. In many cities the core centre is surrounded by physically separated new districts (new cities), these are ho ...
Changing
Changing

... Evidence for the changing climate in the UK, Europe and across the world is now widespread. Global average temperatures have risen by 0.7°C over the past 100 years. Climate records in England4 indicate that temperatures here have risen by a greater amount. ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... Climate change is one of the great challenges of the 21st century [1]. The International Energy Agency (IEA) report of 2011 projected that renewables based electricity generation would triple between 2008 and 2035 under the increasing-use-of-renewables scenario. Hydropower generation makes a substan ...
Relationship with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Relationship with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

... The Executive Committee of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage associate with Climate Change Impacts (ExCom) ...
Climate Change and Health Communications
Climate Change and Health Communications

... Climate change poses some particularly difficult communications challenges: o Salience: There is a common perception that climate change is “not here, not now, not me” - it lacks salience relative to more immediate daily concerns. o Urgency: By the time the effects of climate change are more cl ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED LC/CAR/L.302
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED LC/CAR/L.302

... In this study, an attempt is made to estimate the economic impact of climate change on the tourism sector in the (former) Netherlands Antilles. There are three main objectives in this study. The first is to examine the factors that influence the demand and supply of tourism in Netherlands Antilles. ...
Basic Teacher Planning (for Lent 2017 lessons)
Basic Teacher Planning (for Lent 2017 lessons)

... The Royal Society of New Zealand (a well-respected, independent scientific research organisation) put out a report in March 2016: Climate Change Implications for New Zealand. In this report they tell us that New Zealand is already beginning to see the effects of global warming. Northern and eastern ...
< 1 ... 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 ... 857 >

Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report