Climate Change
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently released its assessment of the physical science basis for climate change: “climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”(IPCC WGI 4th Assessment Report, February 2007). This u ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently released its assessment of the physical science basis for climate change: “climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”(IPCC WGI 4th Assessment Report, February 2007). This u ...
Development, trade and carbon reduction
... Deforestation and degradation (DD) constitute 12 to 17% of global greenhouse gas emissions, with most arising from the exploitation of tropical forest resources in developing countries (van der Werf et al., 2009; IPCC, 2007). This has led to increasing interest in developing mechanisms to ‘reduce em ...
... Deforestation and degradation (DD) constitute 12 to 17% of global greenhouse gas emissions, with most arising from the exploitation of tropical forest resources in developing countries (van der Werf et al., 2009; IPCC, 2007). This has led to increasing interest in developing mechanisms to ‘reduce em ...
Climate change and ocean acidification in OSPAR
... global emissions of CO2 should be halved by 2050 (from 1990 levels) and in industrialised countries, emissions of CO2 should be reduced by 80% by 2050. WWF agrees that we have the means to reduce GHG emissions and as a result aim to restrain a dangerously changing climate – all we need now is the po ...
... global emissions of CO2 should be halved by 2050 (from 1990 levels) and in industrialised countries, emissions of CO2 should be reduced by 80% by 2050. WWF agrees that we have the means to reduce GHG emissions and as a result aim to restrain a dangerously changing climate – all we need now is the po ...
Northern New Hampshire
... EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES. It always has and always will. However, an extensive and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that human activities—including the burning of fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, clearing of forested lands for agriculture, and raising livestock—are no ...
... EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES. It always has and always will. However, an extensive and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that human activities—including the burning of fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, clearing of forested lands for agriculture, and raising livestock—are no ...
ece13 Wolff 19098590 en
... avoid a degree of excess heat than a degree of excess cold. Third, we find that the marginal WTP (MWTP) to avoid extreme temperatures is not substantially greater that the MWTP to avoid moderate heat and cold. Put another way, households will pay more to a turn a moderately cold day into a perfect d ...
... avoid a degree of excess heat than a degree of excess cold. Third, we find that the marginal WTP (MWTP) to avoid extreme temperatures is not substantially greater that the MWTP to avoid moderate heat and cold. Put another way, households will pay more to a turn a moderately cold day into a perfect d ...
Climate Change in Northern New Hampshire
... EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES. It always has and always will. However, an extensive and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that human activities—including the burning of fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, clearing of forested lands for agriculture, and raising livestock—are no ...
... EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES. It always has and always will. However, an extensive and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that human activities—including the burning of fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, clearing of forested lands for agriculture, and raising livestock—are no ...
Initial National Communication V&A Assessment
... There is a considerable amount of infrastructure located on the coast, with the international airports, seaports and a number of industries being located in areas that would be extremely sensitive to climate change. It will be necessary to investigate a number of the socio-economic vulnerabilities, ...
... There is a considerable amount of infrastructure located on the coast, with the international airports, seaports and a number of industries being located in areas that would be extremely sensitive to climate change. It will be necessary to investigate a number of the socio-economic vulnerabilities, ...
6. Earth radiation balance under present day conditions Radiation
... TOA radiation balance: Historic albedo estimates • Early estimates from surface data (cloud cover, balloon data) ...
... TOA radiation balance: Historic albedo estimates • Early estimates from surface data (cloud cover, balloon data) ...
Landslide risk and climate change in the European alps
... 2001) and tectonic activity (Kump, 2002; Kitoh, 2004) to shorter term perturbations caused by events such as volcanic eruptions (Shindell et al., 2003). In turn, these fluctuations have, and continue, to alter the evolution of our landscape. Climate forcings can be natural as experienced throughout ...
... 2001) and tectonic activity (Kump, 2002; Kitoh, 2004) to shorter term perturbations caused by events such as volcanic eruptions (Shindell et al., 2003). In turn, these fluctuations have, and continue, to alter the evolution of our landscape. Climate forcings can be natural as experienced throughout ...
Vegetation limits the impact of a warm climate on boreal wildfires
... geophysical scientists for more than a century (Bell, 1889), and extensive bodies of work ...
... geophysical scientists for more than a century (Bell, 1889), and extensive bodies of work ...
Will groundwater ease freshwater stress under climate change?
... Global temperature changes are accompanied by changes in other climatic variables. Patterns of precipitation change are more spatially and temporally variable than temperature change. Based on sparse observation records, there is no statistically significant long-term trend in the time series of glo ...
... Global temperature changes are accompanied by changes in other climatic variables. Patterns of precipitation change are more spatially and temporally variable than temperature change. Based on sparse observation records, there is no statistically significant long-term trend in the time series of glo ...
a critical look at “the moral case for fossil fuels”
... costs and risks associated with continued dependence on fossil fuels are so great that it makes sense now to shift to a cleaner energy supply. Indeed, many people, including most environmentalists, would immediately acknowledge that fossil energy has been a powerful engine of economic growth. The qu ...
... costs and risks associated with continued dependence on fossil fuels are so great that it makes sense now to shift to a cleaner energy supply. Indeed, many people, including most environmentalists, would immediately acknowledge that fossil energy has been a powerful engine of economic growth. The qu ...
Towards indicators for resilient architecture and infrastructure
... and water bodies, and even public space, are designed to last for decades and are expensive to renovate ...
... and water bodies, and even public space, are designed to last for decades and are expensive to renovate ...
Evolution of marine storminess in the Belgian part of the North Sea
... indicator and in other studies storm surge or air surface pressure is used. Recently Haerens et al. (2011) have used five indicators to provide a first estimate of the storm threshold inducing significant morphological changes along the sandy beaches in Belgium. Based on their investigations, it was ...
... indicator and in other studies storm surge or air surface pressure is used. Recently Haerens et al. (2011) have used five indicators to provide a first estimate of the storm threshold inducing significant morphological changes along the sandy beaches in Belgium. Based on their investigations, it was ...
First Greenhouse Gas Inventory
... that climate change warrants a global effort in finding a solution to its adverse effects. It gives me great satisfaction that Bhutan has acknowledged the magnitude of the challenges posed by climate change and had ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) during th ...
... that climate change warrants a global effort in finding a solution to its adverse effects. It gives me great satisfaction that Bhutan has acknowledged the magnitude of the challenges posed by climate change and had ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) during th ...
Environmentally Induced Population Displacements
... it is spatially differentiated, as environmental hazards, population exposure and vulnerabilities and risks, including security risks, are not uniformly distributed across the globe. Levels of development, living conditions, livelihoods, institutional capacities and the strength of States can be qui ...
... it is spatially differentiated, as environmental hazards, population exposure and vulnerabilities and risks, including security risks, are not uniformly distributed across the globe. Levels of development, living conditions, livelihoods, institutional capacities and the strength of States can be qui ...
All flavours of El Niño have similar early subsurface origins - e
... The El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon, characterized by anomalous sea surface temperatures and winds in the tropical Pacific, affects climate across the globe1 . El Niños occur every 2–7 years, whereas the El Niño/Southern Oscillation itself varies on decadal timescales in frequency and amplit ...
... The El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon, characterized by anomalous sea surface temperatures and winds in the tropical Pacific, affects climate across the globe1 . El Niños occur every 2–7 years, whereas the El Niño/Southern Oscillation itself varies on decadal timescales in frequency and amplit ...
Climate change challenges facing small island developing States
... as a stand-alone sustainable development goal through persistent advocacy by small island developing States underscored the importance of oceans to their peoples. Oceans were the world’s most important shared resource; they acted as vast ecosystems regulating climate and weather, and were a global e ...
... as a stand-alone sustainable development goal through persistent advocacy by small island developing States underscored the importance of oceans to their peoples. Oceans were the world’s most important shared resource; they acted as vast ecosystems regulating climate and weather, and were a global e ...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
... respondents were between the ages of 40-49, 11.64% were between the ages of 50-59, while only a few (12.5%) of the respondents were above 60 years. The mean age of the respondents was 41 years. Farmers that were below the mean age were younger farmers who are at their prime age while those above the ...
... respondents were between the ages of 40-49, 11.64% were between the ages of 50-59, while only a few (12.5%) of the respondents were above 60 years. The mean age of the respondents was 41 years. Farmers that were below the mean age were younger farmers who are at their prime age while those above the ...
Variability and Trends of Air Temperature and Pressure in the
... 5–15 yr. Elucidating the mechanisms behind this relationship will be critical to understanding the complex nature of low-frequency variability. ...
... 5–15 yr. Elucidating the mechanisms behind this relationship will be critical to understanding the complex nature of low-frequency variability. ...
Oceanic climate and circulation changes during the past four
... plot of residual DD14C (coral D14C minus model D14C) (Figure 3b) shows negative anomalies of 18% during these two time periods. Additionally, the coral D14C values varied on much shorter timescales than the tree ring D14C ...
... plot of residual DD14C (coral D14C minus model D14C) (Figure 3b) shows negative anomalies of 18% during these two time periods. Additionally, the coral D14C values varied on much shorter timescales than the tree ring D14C ...
Climate Resilient Development - EDA
... Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in 2008, by the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change for climate change action in the country. The plan consists of eight national level missions including five that pertain to adaptation. To integrate climate action at subnational levels, various states were als ...
... Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in 2008, by the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change for climate change action in the country. The plan consists of eight national level missions including five that pertain to adaptation. To integrate climate action at subnational levels, various states were als ...
SUBREGIONAL CLIMATE ACTION PLAN ADAPTATION AND
... from local and imported sources. From a local government standpoint, the mix of water agencies presents a challenge to implementing jurisdictional water reduction strategies, as some jurisdictions have multiple providers within their boundaries, and some water suppliers function as sub-agencies to o ...
... from local and imported sources. From a local government standpoint, the mix of water agencies presents a challenge to implementing jurisdictional water reduction strategies, as some jurisdictions have multiple providers within their boundaries, and some water suppliers function as sub-agencies to o ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).