Mitochondrial pleomorphy in plant cells is driven
... FIGURE 2 | The range of mitochondrial forms obtained in Arabidopsis plants under different conditions. (A) Mitochondria in dark grown hypocotyl cells could appear punctate (box), clustered (*), or elongated (e). An elongated mitochondrion could exhibit terminal (arrowheads) or medial matrixules (sma ...
... FIGURE 2 | The range of mitochondrial forms obtained in Arabidopsis plants under different conditions. (A) Mitochondria in dark grown hypocotyl cells could appear punctate (box), clustered (*), or elongated (e). An elongated mitochondrion could exhibit terminal (arrowheads) or medial matrixules (sma ...
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during
... requires dimerization with a regulatory subunit (cyclin) for activation. Further controls on the kinase-activity occur through phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events of certain conserved amino acids (Mironov et al., 1999) and binding with CDK inhibitory proteins, the so-called Kip-Related Proteins ...
... requires dimerization with a regulatory subunit (cyclin) for activation. Further controls on the kinase-activity occur through phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events of certain conserved amino acids (Mironov et al., 1999) and binding with CDK inhibitory proteins, the so-called Kip-Related Proteins ...
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during
... requires dimerization with a regulatory subunit (cyclin) for activation. Further controls on the kinase-activity occur through phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events of certain conserved amino acids (Mironov et al., 1999) and binding with CDK inhibitory proteins, the so-called Kip-Related Proteins ...
... requires dimerization with a regulatory subunit (cyclin) for activation. Further controls on the kinase-activity occur through phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events of certain conserved amino acids (Mironov et al., 1999) and binding with CDK inhibitory proteins, the so-called Kip-Related Proteins ...
Stomatal Size, Speed, and Responsiveness
... revealed two distinct areas of mesophyll in the SDD1 plants: one where mesophyll lay above stomata and the other where stomata were absent. Measurements of maximum and actual photosynthetic efficiency were identical to the wild type in areas with stomata; however, leaf areas without stomata showed lo ...
... revealed two distinct areas of mesophyll in the SDD1 plants: one where mesophyll lay above stomata and the other where stomata were absent. Measurements of maximum and actual photosynthetic efficiency were identical to the wild type in areas with stomata; however, leaf areas without stomata showed lo ...
Interaction of PIN and PGP transport mechanisms in auxin
... Transport-based asymmetric auxin distribution within tissues (auxin gradients) plays an important role in many developmental processes, including patterning and tropisms (reviewed by Tanaka et al., 2006). Because the auxin molecule is charged inside cells and, thus, membrane impermeable, its interce ...
... Transport-based asymmetric auxin distribution within tissues (auxin gradients) plays an important role in many developmental processes, including patterning and tropisms (reviewed by Tanaka et al., 2006). Because the auxin molecule is charged inside cells and, thus, membrane impermeable, its interce ...
Research and Development
... the development of a detection system for assessing blackspot susceptibility. The detection system will form the basis of a kit for assessing the crop prior to harvest or during storage and will provide an 'early warning' of a high bruise risk. This will facilitate implementation of appropriate, gen ...
... the development of a detection system for assessing blackspot susceptibility. The detection system will form the basis of a kit for assessing the crop prior to harvest or during storage and will provide an 'early warning' of a high bruise risk. This will facilitate implementation of appropriate, gen ...
Outer Membrane Vesicle-Mediated Export of
... and PKD2) has not yet been fully investigated, although they have been suggested to be involved in protein-protein or protein-carbohydrate interaction [12]. Our previous studies provided a crystal structure model of the PKD1 domain from V. cholerae PrtV (residues 755– 838) and revealed a Ca++-bindin ...
... and PKD2) has not yet been fully investigated, although they have been suggested to be involved in protein-protein or protein-carbohydrate interaction [12]. Our previous studies provided a crystal structure model of the PKD1 domain from V. cholerae PrtV (residues 755– 838) and revealed a Ca++-bindin ...
Chloroplast envelope membranes: a dynamic interface between
... membranes are indeed one of the most complex and dynamic system within a plant cell. In this review, we present an overview of envelope constituents together with recent insights into the major functions fulfilled by envelope membranes and their dynamics within plant cells. (240 words) ...
... membranes are indeed one of the most complex and dynamic system within a plant cell. In this review, we present an overview of envelope constituents together with recent insights into the major functions fulfilled by envelope membranes and their dynamics within plant cells. (240 words) ...
Repeat motifs of tau bind to the insides of microtubules in the
... dimers) (Figure 2C). At higher ratios, the gradient of the curve is less steep, indicating weaker binding (~10±6 M). Strong binding of 4R-tau persisted as far as one tau molecule per two to three tubulin dimers (~4 mM 4R-tau to 10 mM tubulin dimers) (Figure 2D). The acidic C-terminal residues of tub ...
... dimers) (Figure 2C). At higher ratios, the gradient of the curve is less steep, indicating weaker binding (~10±6 M). Strong binding of 4R-tau persisted as far as one tau molecule per two to three tubulin dimers (~4 mM 4R-tau to 10 mM tubulin dimers) (Figure 2D). The acidic C-terminal residues of tub ...
PDF
... the addition of oligosaccharide side chains to asparagine (Asn) residues. N-linked glycosylation occurs when the Asn residue resides within the consensus sequence, AsnX-The/Ser, where X can be any amino acid except proline (Kornfeld & Kornfeld, 1985). Enormous diversity exists among N-linked oligosa ...
... the addition of oligosaccharide side chains to asparagine (Asn) residues. N-linked glycosylation occurs when the Asn residue resides within the consensus sequence, AsnX-The/Ser, where X can be any amino acid except proline (Kornfeld & Kornfeld, 1985). Enormous diversity exists among N-linked oligosa ...
A GH3-like Domain in Reaper Is Required for Mitochondrial
... ptosis by preventing resynthesis of short-lived apoptotic inhibitors such as the IAPs. Although IAP inhibition may be sufficient for apoptosis in fly cells, this may not be the case in vertebrates. Indeed, XIAP knockout mice do not exhibit any overt phenotypes (21). Although this could well indicate ...
... ptosis by preventing resynthesis of short-lived apoptotic inhibitors such as the IAPs. Although IAP inhibition may be sufficient for apoptosis in fly cells, this may not be the case in vertebrates. Indeed, XIAP knockout mice do not exhibit any overt phenotypes (21). Although this could well indicate ...
Human Cardiac Troponin Complex. Structure and Functions
... as to impede the actomyosin complex formation [76, 77]. A few variants of the inhibitory domain structure are presented in the literature. In the work of Brown et al. [74] on artificial troponin complex composed of different animal troponins, by means of site-directed spin labeling (SDSL-EPR) it was ...
... as to impede the actomyosin complex formation [76, 77]. A few variants of the inhibitory domain structure are presented in the literature. In the work of Brown et al. [74] on artificial troponin complex composed of different animal troponins, by means of site-directed spin labeling (SDSL-EPR) it was ...
Extrapolation of elementary rate constants of P
... measured using the SDS software of the ABI PrismTM 7900HT Sequence Detection System (TaqManTM) starting with 10 minutes at 95 °C, followed by 40 cycles of 15 seconds at 95 °C and 1 minute at 60 °C. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate. The targeted mRNA in MDCKII-hMDR1NKI and Caco-2 cells was norm ...
... measured using the SDS software of the ABI PrismTM 7900HT Sequence Detection System (TaqManTM) starting with 10 minutes at 95 °C, followed by 40 cycles of 15 seconds at 95 °C and 1 minute at 60 °C. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate. The targeted mRNA in MDCKII-hMDR1NKI and Caco-2 cells was norm ...
Mathematical model predicts a critical role for osteoclast autocrine
... us to calculate cell population dynamics and changes in bone mass at a discrete site of bone remodeling. The model predicted different modes of dynamic behavior: a single remodeling cycle in response to an external stimulus, a series of internally regulated cycles of bone remodeling, or unstable beh ...
... us to calculate cell population dynamics and changes in bone mass at a discrete site of bone remodeling. The model predicted different modes of dynamic behavior: a single remodeling cycle in response to an external stimulus, a series of internally regulated cycles of bone remodeling, or unstable beh ...
Increased Levels of LPS-Binding Protein in Bovine - PubAg
... (Carroll et al., 1964; Schalm et al., 1964, 1979; Jackson and Bramley, 1983; Ziv, 1992) and gram-negative infection (Brandtzaeg et al., 1989) is mediated, in part, by LPS. Further, several of the proinflammatory cytokines that mediate the localized and/or systemic response to gram-negative mastitis, ...
... (Carroll et al., 1964; Schalm et al., 1964, 1979; Jackson and Bramley, 1983; Ziv, 1992) and gram-negative infection (Brandtzaeg et al., 1989) is mediated, in part, by LPS. Further, several of the proinflammatory cytokines that mediate the localized and/or systemic response to gram-negative mastitis, ...
curriculum vitae- michael hippler
... Future experiments will be directed to elucidate protein-protein-interactions of PGRL1 and metalbinding dynamics of the protein. (ii) Light is a necessary substrate for photosynthesis, but its absorption by pigment molecules such as chlorophyll can cause severe oxidative damage and result in cell de ...
... Future experiments will be directed to elucidate protein-protein-interactions of PGRL1 and metalbinding dynamics of the protein. (ii) Light is a necessary substrate for photosynthesis, but its absorption by pigment molecules such as chlorophyll can cause severe oxidative damage and result in cell de ...
Life and death of transcriptional co
... Transcriptional co-activator p300 was first identified as an E1A binding protein due to its involvement in E1A function, particularly during cell cycle progression and cellular differentiation.1-3 It serves not only as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), but also as a factor acetyltransferase (FAT) f ...
... Transcriptional co-activator p300 was first identified as an E1A binding protein due to its involvement in E1A function, particularly during cell cycle progression and cellular differentiation.1-3 It serves not only as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), but also as a factor acetyltransferase (FAT) f ...
PDF + SI - Development - The Company of Biologists
... most severely affected (Class I) mutants arrest at early gastrulation stages while a second group (Class II) progress to mid gestation (Fig. 2D). In Class I embryos the AVE marker Hex is induced at E6.5 but remains localised to the distal tip. Thus, the AVE is specified but fails to migrate towards ...
... most severely affected (Class I) mutants arrest at early gastrulation stages while a second group (Class II) progress to mid gestation (Fig. 2D). In Class I embryos the AVE marker Hex is induced at E6.5 but remains localised to the distal tip. Thus, the AVE is specified but fails to migrate towards ...
Costes et al.
... between the green and red channels after correction for a. We approximate this linear behavior by a least-square fit in the two-dimensional histogram based on orthogonal regression. The slope derived from the least-square fit is directly proportional to the Pearson correlation coefficient r, and the ...
... between the green and red channels after correction for a. We approximate this linear behavior by a least-square fit in the two-dimensional histogram based on orthogonal regression. The slope derived from the least-square fit is directly proportional to the Pearson correlation coefficient r, and the ...
Pax1/Pax9 and vertebral column development
... Interestingly, the lateral derivatives of the sclerotomes, the neural arches, are formed in the absence of Pax1 and Pax9, although they were found to have an abnormal shape (Fig. 2D). Moreover, in the lumbar region, ectopic cartilage formation is detectable in the dorsal region between adjacent neur ...
... Interestingly, the lateral derivatives of the sclerotomes, the neural arches, are formed in the absence of Pax1 and Pax9, although they were found to have an abnormal shape (Fig. 2D). Moreover, in the lumbar region, ectopic cartilage formation is detectable in the dorsal region between adjacent neur ...
Oxidative-stress-induced nuclear to cytoplasmic relocalization is
... also contains the Not4p ubiquitin ligase that has been previously shown to genetically interact with Cdk8p (Liu et al., 2001). To determine whether Not4p associates with cyclin C in vivo, coimmunoprecipitation studies were performed in cells expressing epitope-tagged derivatives of cyclin C (myc–cyc ...
... also contains the Not4p ubiquitin ligase that has been previously shown to genetically interact with Cdk8p (Liu et al., 2001). To determine whether Not4p associates with cyclin C in vivo, coimmunoprecipitation studies were performed in cells expressing epitope-tagged derivatives of cyclin C (myc–cyc ...
“J” TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 of 1 #17//04 SPECIAL
... In reviewing whether an inmate shall be removed from or remain in a safety cell, the watch commander will consult with an authorized Sheriff’s mental health provider to determine whether the inmate, if removed from the safety cell, is likely to pose a threat to himself/herself or others. However, wh ...
... In reviewing whether an inmate shall be removed from or remain in a safety cell, the watch commander will consult with an authorized Sheriff’s mental health provider to determine whether the inmate, if removed from the safety cell, is likely to pose a threat to himself/herself or others. However, wh ...
Role of Template Activating Factor-I as a
... separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and visualized with Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. Lane M contains molecular size markers. (B) Formation of histone H1.1NCPs complexes was examined by nucleoprotein gel analyses. The 196 bp 5S rRNA gene fragments or NCPs (0.4 pmol of DNA) assembled on the same DNA with ...
... separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and visualized with Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. Lane M contains molecular size markers. (B) Formation of histone H1.1NCPs complexes was examined by nucleoprotein gel analyses. The 196 bp 5S rRNA gene fragments or NCPs (0.4 pmol of DNA) assembled on the same DNA with ...
Erythropoietin critically regulates the terminal
... mechanism contributing to the progressive anemia that occurs in Epor-null embryos. To characterize EPO-dependent transcriptional changes that may contribute to a reduction in primitive erythroblast cell cycling, we measured the expression of genes known to regulate the G1 to S phase transition. Inte ...
... mechanism contributing to the progressive anemia that occurs in Epor-null embryos. To characterize EPO-dependent transcriptional changes that may contribute to a reduction in primitive erythroblast cell cycling, we measured the expression of genes known to regulate the G1 to S phase transition. Inte ...
Endogenous Drp1 Mediates Mitochondrial Autophagy and Protects
... indicate autophagosomes, whereas free red puncta indicate autolysosomes. After 4 hours of GD, the numbers of both yellow and free red dots were increased in Ad-shScr-transduced CMs, indicating stimulation of autophagic flux. However, the GD-induced increases were attenuated in Ad-shDrp1transduced CM ...
... indicate autophagosomes, whereas free red puncta indicate autolysosomes. After 4 hours of GD, the numbers of both yellow and free red dots were increased in Ad-shScr-transduced CMs, indicating stimulation of autophagic flux. However, the GD-induced increases were attenuated in Ad-shDrp1transduced CM ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.