Photoactivatable GFP tagging cassettes for protein
... Yeast cell biologists use a variety of fluorescent protein tags for determining protein localization and for measuring protein dynamics using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Although many modern fluorescent proteins, such as those with photoactivatable and photoconvertible charact ...
... Yeast cell biologists use a variety of fluorescent protein tags for determining protein localization and for measuring protein dynamics using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Although many modern fluorescent proteins, such as those with photoactivatable and photoconvertible charact ...
The anaphase promoting complex/ cyclosome: a
... of interphase cells, and that spreads throughout the cytoplasm and associates with parts of the spindle apparatus during mitosis. Without APC/C, cells cannot separate their sister chromatids in anaphase, they cannot exit from mitosis and divide into two daughter cells, and they cannot initiate the s ...
... of interphase cells, and that spreads throughout the cytoplasm and associates with parts of the spindle apparatus during mitosis. Without APC/C, cells cannot separate their sister chromatids in anaphase, they cannot exit from mitosis and divide into two daughter cells, and they cannot initiate the s ...
Chitin and Chitosan in Fungi - Wiley-VCH
... walls of the Oomycete Pythium ultimum contain cellulose and chitin, whereas only cellulose is present in another Oomycete, Phythophthora parasitica. Both polysaccharides are present in cell walls of the Ascomycetes Ophiostoma ulmi and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, whereas the Ascomycete Fusarium ox ...
... walls of the Oomycete Pythium ultimum contain cellulose and chitin, whereas only cellulose is present in another Oomycete, Phythophthora parasitica. Both polysaccharides are present in cell walls of the Ascomycetes Ophiostoma ulmi and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, whereas the Ascomycete Fusarium ox ...
Clostridium and Bacillus Binary Enterotoxins
... 2.1. Clostridium perfringens: ι-Toxin and Binary Enterotoxin (BEC) C. perfringens was first discovered in 1891 and consists of five serotypes (A–E), classically based upon four lethal, dermonecrotic toxins (α, β, ε and ι) neutralized by type-specific antiserum in animal assays [2,25–27]. Although no ...
... 2.1. Clostridium perfringens: ι-Toxin and Binary Enterotoxin (BEC) C. perfringens was first discovered in 1891 and consists of five serotypes (A–E), classically based upon four lethal, dermonecrotic toxins (α, β, ε and ι) neutralized by type-specific antiserum in animal assays [2,25–27]. Although no ...
2. introduction
... through gap junctions, thus spreading depolarization by involving enough adjoining tissue to bring it to threshold to produce a conducted beat. It is important to note, however, that the spread of Ca2+ between myocytes is carefully regulated by the myocyte through regulation of gap junctions which a ...
... through gap junctions, thus spreading depolarization by involving enough adjoining tissue to bring it to threshold to produce a conducted beat. It is important to note, however, that the spread of Ca2+ between myocytes is carefully regulated by the myocyte through regulation of gap junctions which a ...
Vesicles versus Tubes: is ER-Golgi Transport in
... sciences. Indeed, and with few exceptions (e.g. Ito et al., 2014) there are few reviews ...
... sciences. Indeed, and with few exceptions (e.g. Ito et al., 2014) there are few reviews ...
Ceman, S, O Donnell, WT, Reed, M, Patton, S, Pohl, J and Warren, ST: Phosphorylation regulates translation state of FMRP-associated polyribosomes. Human Molecular Genetics 12:3295-3305 (2003).
... To determine whether mammalian FMRP is a phosphoprotein, we metabolically-labeled cells with [32P]orthophosphoric acid and isolated Flag-tagged FMRP by immunoprecipitation with an anti-Flag antibody as described previously (10). We observed an 80 kDa phosphoprotein in the Flag-FMRPexpressing transfe ...
... To determine whether mammalian FMRP is a phosphoprotein, we metabolically-labeled cells with [32P]orthophosphoric acid and isolated Flag-tagged FMRP by immunoprecipitation with an anti-Flag antibody as described previously (10). We observed an 80 kDa phosphoprotein in the Flag-FMRPexpressing transfe ...
CONTRIBUTION OF DYSFERLIN-CONTAINING
... mutations in >30 different genes [1]. Common pathological features include cycles of degeneration and regeneration, infiltration of immune cells, fibrosis, and fatty infiltrate within the muscle; all of which compromise muscle function [1]. Patients with muscular dystrophy typically succumb to respi ...
... mutations in >30 different genes [1]. Common pathological features include cycles of degeneration and regeneration, infiltration of immune cells, fibrosis, and fatty infiltrate within the muscle; all of which compromise muscle function [1]. Patients with muscular dystrophy typically succumb to respi ...
Endoplasmic Microtubules Configure the Subapical Cytoplasm and
... root hairs has dealt with cortical MTs (CMTs) and their role in cellulose microfibril orientation (for review, see Emons and Mulder, 1998; Ketelaar and Emons, 2000). Endoplasmic MTs (EMTs) have been observed only in legume root hairs, and their precise configuration and role remain unclear (Lloyd et ...
... root hairs has dealt with cortical MTs (CMTs) and their role in cellulose microfibril orientation (for review, see Emons and Mulder, 1998; Ketelaar and Emons, 2000). Endoplasmic MTs (EMTs) have been observed only in legume root hairs, and their precise configuration and role remain unclear (Lloyd et ...
Differential Regulation of Skeletal Muscle
... control.9,10 . Skeletal muscle is an exceedingly structured heterogeneous assemblage of myofibers bundled within sheaths of connective tissue.10, 11 These myofibers, which result from the early fusion of muscle precursor cells referred to as myoblasts, in turn, encompass a high extent of further org ...
... control.9,10 . Skeletal muscle is an exceedingly structured heterogeneous assemblage of myofibers bundled within sheaths of connective tissue.10, 11 These myofibers, which result from the early fusion of muscle precursor cells referred to as myoblasts, in turn, encompass a high extent of further org ...
Saliva of the Lyme Disease Vector, Lxodes dammini, Blocks
... the fall seasons of 1991 and 1992. To collect saliva, ticks were allowed to feed for 4-5 d on the ears of rabbits. Engorging ticks were removed, washed, and 1 #1 of 5% (wt/vol) solution ofpilocarpine in absolute methanol was applied to their dorsum. A finely drawn capillary tube was fitted over the ...
... the fall seasons of 1991 and 1992. To collect saliva, ticks were allowed to feed for 4-5 d on the ears of rabbits. Engorging ticks were removed, washed, and 1 #1 of 5% (wt/vol) solution ofpilocarpine in absolute methanol was applied to their dorsum. A finely drawn capillary tube was fitted over the ...
Glutamate 83 and arginine 85 of helix H3 bend are key residues for
... The FtsZ ring is formed in the middle of the cell and is attached to the cytoplasmic membrane through ZipA [2]. In order to evaluate the effect of these mutations on cell morphology and FtsZ localization, VIP5 cells in exponential phase of growth carrying plasmids with FtsZ (WT), FtsZ(E83Q), and Fts ...
... The FtsZ ring is formed in the middle of the cell and is attached to the cytoplasmic membrane through ZipA [2]. In order to evaluate the effect of these mutations on cell morphology and FtsZ localization, VIP5 cells in exponential phase of growth carrying plasmids with FtsZ (WT), FtsZ(E83Q), and Fts ...
Spemann`s organizer and the self-regulation of
... The way forward in the analysis of self-regulation of pattern came from a transplantation experiment carried out by a graduate student at Freiburg University named Hilde Mangold. Under the direction of Hans Spemann, she grafted the dorsal blastopore lip, the region where gastrulation starts, from a ...
... The way forward in the analysis of self-regulation of pattern came from a transplantation experiment carried out by a graduate student at Freiburg University named Hilde Mangold. Under the direction of Hans Spemann, she grafted the dorsal blastopore lip, the region where gastrulation starts, from a ...
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... Biology: Science for Life with Physiology, 4e (Belk) Chapter 2 Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells 1) Each of the following is a feature of all known living things EXCEPT A) genes made from proteins. B) growth. C) homeostasis. D) metabolism. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Skil ...
... Biology: Science for Life with Physiology, 4e (Belk) Chapter 2 Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells 1) Each of the following is a feature of all known living things EXCEPT A) genes made from proteins. B) growth. C) homeostasis. D) metabolism. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Skil ...
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... Full file at http://testbankwizard.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-Science-for-Life-4th-Edition-by-Belk ...
... Full file at http://testbankwizard.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-Science-for-Life-4th-Edition-by-Belk ...
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... on animal development, a process ultimately driven by changes in individual cell activity. Here, we discuss current concepts and recent findings regarding the cellular and developmental functions of autophagy. Although its role in development has yet to be fully defined, studies in model organisms h ...
... on animal development, a process ultimately driven by changes in individual cell activity. Here, we discuss current concepts and recent findings regarding the cellular and developmental functions of autophagy. Although its role in development has yet to be fully defined, studies in model organisms h ...
New Functions of APC/C Ubiquitin Ligase in the Nervous System
... Stegmüller et al. (2006) reported a mechanism by which the ubiquitin ligase APC/C-Cdh1 controls axonal morphogenesis [13]. They showed that APC/C-Cdh1 operates in the nucleus for inhibition of axonal growth by targeting the transcriptional corepressor Ski-related novel protein N (SnoN) for ubiquitin ...
... Stegmüller et al. (2006) reported a mechanism by which the ubiquitin ligase APC/C-Cdh1 controls axonal morphogenesis [13]. They showed that APC/C-Cdh1 operates in the nucleus for inhibition of axonal growth by targeting the transcriptional corepressor Ski-related novel protein N (SnoN) for ubiquitin ...
Transport and Sorting of the Solanum tuberosum Sucrose
... It is already known and described in the literature that both GSH and GSSG affect the membrane potential, not only in the animal system but also in plant cells like broad bean protoplasts, and that uptake of GSH and GSSG induce ion movements over the PM (Jamai et al., 1996). A depolarization of the ...
... It is already known and described in the literature that both GSH and GSSG affect the membrane potential, not only in the animal system but also in plant cells like broad bean protoplasts, and that uptake of GSH and GSSG induce ion movements over the PM (Jamai et al., 1996). A depolarization of the ...
Endoplasmic reticulum potassium–hydrogen exchanger and small
... K+ channel and KHE modulators. However, the presence of these transporters in ER membranes is still to be demonstrated. In the next series of experiments, SKCa and KATP channels were visualized using a specific antibody or glibenclamide-BODIPY FL in cortical neurons expressing the fluorescent ER mar ...
... K+ channel and KHE modulators. However, the presence of these transporters in ER membranes is still to be demonstrated. In the next series of experiments, SKCa and KATP channels were visualized using a specific antibody or glibenclamide-BODIPY FL in cortical neurons expressing the fluorescent ER mar ...
The TRAPP Complex: Insights into its Architecture and
... structure, Ypt1p is proximal to three domains of Trs23p (residues 10–15, 31–46 and 199–203), one a-helix of Bet5p and the C-termini of both of the Bet3p subunits present in this complex (referred to as Bet3p-A and Bet3p-B) (Figure 2). Based on the difference between the five-subunit structure and th ...
... structure, Ypt1p is proximal to three domains of Trs23p (residues 10–15, 31–46 and 199–203), one a-helix of Bet5p and the C-termini of both of the Bet3p subunits present in this complex (referred to as Bet3p-A and Bet3p-B) (Figure 2). Based on the difference between the five-subunit structure and th ...
Roles of Arabidopsis PARC6 in Coordination of
... C-terminal region of ARC6 protrudes into the intermembrane space (IMS) and interacts with the IMS region of the plant-specific bitopic OEM protein PLASTID DIVISION2 (PDV2). ARC6-PDV2 interaction is required for the localization of PDV2 to the midplastid (Glynn et al., 2008). PDV2 and its paralog PDV1 ...
... C-terminal region of ARC6 protrudes into the intermembrane space (IMS) and interacts with the IMS region of the plant-specific bitopic OEM protein PLASTID DIVISION2 (PDV2). ARC6-PDV2 interaction is required for the localization of PDV2 to the midplastid (Glynn et al., 2008). PDV2 and its paralog PDV1 ...
Maternal control of the Drosophila dorsalventral body axis
... screen, in which site-specific mitotic recombination was used to generate homozygous mutant germline clones that produce progeny embryos with patterning defects, led to the identification of three additional genes, krapfen/myd88, seele, and weckle, which should also be considered members of the dors ...
... screen, in which site-specific mitotic recombination was used to generate homozygous mutant germline clones that produce progeny embryos with patterning defects, led to the identification of three additional genes, krapfen/myd88, seele, and weckle, which should also be considered members of the dors ...
Inhibition of Golgi function causes plastid starch accumulation
... and photosynthetically active tissues in higher plants, in the sense that Chlamydomonas has only one cup-shaped plastid per cell occupying more than half of the intracellular space (Proschold et al., 2001). Starch deposits are usually found in interthylakoid spaces and, depending on the day–night cy ...
... and photosynthetically active tissues in higher plants, in the sense that Chlamydomonas has only one cup-shaped plastid per cell occupying more than half of the intracellular space (Proschold et al., 2001). Starch deposits are usually found in interthylakoid spaces and, depending on the day–night cy ...
iv Molecular Mechanisms of Notochord Vacuole
... of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cell Biology in the Graduate School of Duke University ...
... of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cell Biology in the Graduate School of Duke University ...
Structure and function of the notochord: an essential
... Organiser activities of notochord progenitors In vertebrates, the notochord arises from the dorsal organiser. Originally identified by Spemann and Mangold in amphibians, the dorsal organiser is a region of a vertebrate gastrulae that, when transplanted into prospective lateral or ventral regions of ...
... Organiser activities of notochord progenitors In vertebrates, the notochord arises from the dorsal organiser. Originally identified by Spemann and Mangold in amphibians, the dorsal organiser is a region of a vertebrate gastrulae that, when transplanted into prospective lateral or ventral regions of ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.