Endogenous Drp1 Mediates Mitochondrial Autophagy and Protects
... MHC-Cre mice. Transgenic mice expressing mRFP-GFP-LC3 (Tg-tf-LC3) have been described 18. All experiments involving animals were approved by the Rutgers–New Jersey Medical School’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. ...
... MHC-Cre mice. Transgenic mice expressing mRFP-GFP-LC3 (Tg-tf-LC3) have been described 18. All experiments involving animals were approved by the Rutgers–New Jersey Medical School’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. ...
Profilin association with monomeric actin in
... determine the concentration of profilin in the extracts, samples of 10-50 µl were diluted into boiling sample buffer for analysis by SDS-PAGE and quantitative immunoblotting with purified profilin-I and profilin-II standards. To analyze the pellets, 0.4 ml of the crude cell homogenate was layered ov ...
... determine the concentration of profilin in the extracts, samples of 10-50 µl were diluted into boiling sample buffer for analysis by SDS-PAGE and quantitative immunoblotting with purified profilin-I and profilin-II standards. To analyze the pellets, 0.4 ml of the crude cell homogenate was layered ov ...
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... The developmental origins of both the epithelial and lymphocytic components of the thymus have been sources of controversy within the field. Lymphocytes were proposed to originate either from transformation of epithelium within the rudiment or from immigration from extrathymic sources. In an early e ...
... The developmental origins of both the epithelial and lymphocytic components of the thymus have been sources of controversy within the field. Lymphocytes were proposed to originate either from transformation of epithelium within the rudiment or from immigration from extrathymic sources. In an early e ...
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... MDR1 gene, which functions as an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump, is N-linked glycosylated at asparagine residues 91, 94, and 99 located within the first extracellular loop. We report here the biochemical characterization of glycosylation-deficient (Gly−) P-gp using a vaccinia virus based transient e ...
... MDR1 gene, which functions as an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump, is N-linked glycosylated at asparagine residues 91, 94, and 99 located within the first extracellular loop. We report here the biochemical characterization of glycosylation-deficient (Gly−) P-gp using a vaccinia virus based transient e ...
Auxin coordinates cell division and cell fate specification during
... For an ideal exploitation of the growth potential it is essential for plants to have an optimally branched root system. Branching of roots occurs, in contrast to shoot branching, by the endogenous formation of new primordial that grow out of the main root to become secondary or lateral roots. Althou ...
... For an ideal exploitation of the growth potential it is essential for plants to have an optimally branched root system. Branching of roots occurs, in contrast to shoot branching, by the endogenous formation of new primordial that grow out of the main root to become secondary or lateral roots. Althou ...
High-resolution imaging of cardiomyocyte behavior
... imaging of beating zebrafish hearts, we observed that the initiation of cardiac trabeculation can be divided into two processes. Before any myocardial cell bodies have entered the trabecular layer, cardiomyocytes extend protrusions that invade luminally along neighboring cell-cell junctions. These p ...
... imaging of beating zebrafish hearts, we observed that the initiation of cardiac trabeculation can be divided into two processes. Before any myocardial cell bodies have entered the trabecular layer, cardiomyocytes extend protrusions that invade luminally along neighboring cell-cell junctions. These p ...
Mitochondrial pleomorphy in plant cells is driven
... Seguí-Simarro et al., 2008). These observations clearly indicate that as in other organisms, mitochondria in plants are also capable of becoming elongated and vermiform and some specific but as yet undefined conditions must cause and maintain their fission into small units. The first objective for o ...
... Seguí-Simarro et al., 2008). These observations clearly indicate that as in other organisms, mitochondria in plants are also capable of becoming elongated and vermiform and some specific but as yet undefined conditions must cause and maintain their fission into small units. The first objective for o ...
Separation of Bacteria, Protozoa and Carbon Nanotubes by Density
... Tetrahymena thermophila has been utilized in isolating such unicellular organisms from pellets that also contain SWCNTs and bacteria, by pelleting the sample by centrifugation and then allowing ciliates to swim out of the pellet into the supernatant wherein they are collected [13]. Although elegant, ...
... Tetrahymena thermophila has been utilized in isolating such unicellular organisms from pellets that also contain SWCNTs and bacteria, by pelleting the sample by centrifugation and then allowing ciliates to swim out of the pellet into the supernatant wherein they are collected [13]. Although elegant, ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... ABSTRACT The discovery of the organizer by Spemann and Mangold in 1924 raised two kinds of questions: those about the means of patterning the chordate body axis and those about the mechanisms of cell determination by induction. Some researchers, stressing the second, have suggested over the years th ...
... ABSTRACT The discovery of the organizer by Spemann and Mangold in 1924 raised two kinds of questions: those about the means of patterning the chordate body axis and those about the mechanisms of cell determination by induction. Some researchers, stressing the second, have suggested over the years th ...
An Important Pool of Sucrose Linked to Starch Biosynthesis is Taken
... starch breakdown products (Pozueta-Romero et al. 1999, Baroja-Fernández et al. 2004, Baroja-Fernández et al. 2005, Muñoz et al. 2005). Membrane recycling takes place essentially as described by Echeverria (2000). A model involving the production of UDPglucose from sucrose by SuSy and its stepwise co ...
... starch breakdown products (Pozueta-Romero et al. 1999, Baroja-Fernández et al. 2004, Baroja-Fernández et al. 2005, Muñoz et al. 2005). Membrane recycling takes place essentially as described by Echeverria (2000). A model involving the production of UDPglucose from sucrose by SuSy and its stepwise co ...
Exceptional preservation of Miocene pollen: plasmolysis captured in
... central structures which are considered here to represent their fossilized cell content. Because during maceration the fossil material was treated with HF and ZnCl2 the structures should be of organic matter; as otherwise, they would be removed during maceration. Also their colour and light refracti ...
... central structures which are considered here to represent their fossilized cell content. Because during maceration the fossil material was treated with HF and ZnCl2 the structures should be of organic matter; as otherwise, they would be removed during maceration. Also their colour and light refracti ...
p23 and organization of the Golgi apparatus
... analyzed 36-48 hours after addition of DNA. In co-transfection experiments with pCB6-p23 and pIND-tsO45-G, cells were transferred to a 40°C incubator and tso45-G expression was induced (by addition of 1 µM muristerone A) 24 hours after DNA addition. Recombinant SFV virions (expressing SFV-p23 or SFV ...
... analyzed 36-48 hours after addition of DNA. In co-transfection experiments with pCB6-p23 and pIND-tsO45-G, cells were transferred to a 40°C incubator and tso45-G expression was induced (by addition of 1 µM muristerone A) 24 hours after DNA addition. Recombinant SFV virions (expressing SFV-p23 or SFV ...
Activation of ryanodine receptors induces calcium influx in a
... The NG115-401L (or 401L) neuroblastoma cell line has been a valuable cell line model for studies investigating the mechanisms of store-operated Ca2+ influx [5,6]. Previous studies have identified 401L cells as having an unusual phenotype with respect to responses to thapsigargin, the most potent inh ...
... The NG115-401L (or 401L) neuroblastoma cell line has been a valuable cell line model for studies investigating the mechanisms of store-operated Ca2+ influx [5,6]. Previous studies have identified 401L cells as having an unusual phenotype with respect to responses to thapsigargin, the most potent inh ...
Chitin and Chitosan in Fungi - Wiley-VCH
... also Chapter 15, this volume). Frequently, GlcN is quantified by colorimetric methods in hydrolyzates of alkali-resistant fractions to determine the amounts of chitin and chitosan (Plassard, 1997). GlcN was also determined in acid hydrolyzates by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC ) of 9fl ...
... also Chapter 15, this volume). Frequently, GlcN is quantified by colorimetric methods in hydrolyzates of alkali-resistant fractions to determine the amounts of chitin and chitosan (Plassard, 1997). GlcN was also determined in acid hydrolyzates by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC ) of 9fl ...
Isolation and characterization of the Pin1/Ess1p homologue in
... be overexpressed in breast cancer, and to increase expression of cyclin D1 as a result of its ability to bind to c-Jun phosphorylated at the Ser63/73.Pro motifs in its transactivation domain, and thereby stimulate cyclin D1 promoter activity (Wulf et al., 2001). These observations suggest that Pin1/ ...
... be overexpressed in breast cancer, and to increase expression of cyclin D1 as a result of its ability to bind to c-Jun phosphorylated at the Ser63/73.Pro motifs in its transactivation domain, and thereby stimulate cyclin D1 promoter activity (Wulf et al., 2001). These observations suggest that Pin1/ ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... to posthatch transition (Hamdy et al., 1991; McKee et al., 1997). It is well established that several developing tissues adapt their metabolism to utilize carbohydrates as the major energy source and this metabolic transition occurs during the first week posthatch (Humphrey et al., 2004; Noy and Skl ...
... to posthatch transition (Hamdy et al., 1991; McKee et al., 1997). It is well established that several developing tissues adapt their metabolism to utilize carbohydrates as the major energy source and this metabolic transition occurs during the first week posthatch (Humphrey et al., 2004; Noy and Skl ...
Bax cleavage is mediated by calpain during drug-induced
... distinguishes it from all known caspases and granzyme B, both of which are involved in apoptosis. Protease activity is also blocked by inhibitors against the calciumactivated neutral cysteine endopeptidase calpain. Partial puri®cation of the Bax protease activity from HL-60 cell membrane fractions b ...
... distinguishes it from all known caspases and granzyme B, both of which are involved in apoptosis. Protease activity is also blocked by inhibitors against the calciumactivated neutral cysteine endopeptidase calpain. Partial puri®cation of the Bax protease activity from HL-60 cell membrane fractions b ...
Inositol trisphosphate and calcium oscillations
... Luminal loading Ca2+ oscillation model The main feature of the luminal loading Ca2+ oscillation model is that the timing of each Ca2+ spike is determined by the periodic loading of the endoplasmic reticulum with Ca2+ (Figure 1). The best way of describing how this oscillator might function is to fol ...
... Luminal loading Ca2+ oscillation model The main feature of the luminal loading Ca2+ oscillation model is that the timing of each Ca2+ spike is determined by the periodic loading of the endoplasmic reticulum with Ca2+ (Figure 1). The best way of describing how this oscillator might function is to fol ...
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... embryos, antagonism of Wnt signaling allows the formation of anterior structures at the expense of posterior ones (Leyns et al., 1997; Glinka et al., 1998). This is also true for zebrafish: morpholino knockdown of wnt8a results in embryos that predominantly form head but lack posterior structures (E ...
... embryos, antagonism of Wnt signaling allows the formation of anterior structures at the expense of posterior ones (Leyns et al., 1997; Glinka et al., 1998). This is also true for zebrafish: morpholino knockdown of wnt8a results in embryos that predominantly form head but lack posterior structures (E ...
Myosin XIK is a major player in cytoplasm dynamics and is regulated
... emerged when RabD1 and RabC2a were found to interact with the tail of MYA2 in yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays (Hashimoto et al., 2008). The localization of RabC2a to peroxisomes suggested that these small GTPases can mediate and regulate the interaction of MYA2 and its cargo organelles (Hashim ...
... emerged when RabD1 and RabC2a were found to interact with the tail of MYA2 in yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays (Hashimoto et al., 2008). The localization of RabC2a to peroxisomes suggested that these small GTPases can mediate and regulate the interaction of MYA2 and its cargo organelles (Hashim ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.