Elevated Level of Nuclear Protein Kinase C in
... ential oxygen free-radical susceptibility (13). It also has been reported that PKC activity is increased in several cell types exhibiting the MDR phenotype, including Adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells (14). The enhanced levels of PKC in MCF-7 cells resistant to Adriamycin and t ...
... ential oxygen free-radical susceptibility (13). It also has been reported that PKC activity is increased in several cell types exhibiting the MDR phenotype, including Adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells (14). The enhanced levels of PKC in MCF-7 cells resistant to Adriamycin and t ...
- Nottingham ePrints
... In parallel to these remarkable changes in the trophoblast during a brief window of time, the embryonic disc (or epiblast) initiates gastrulation before the onset of implantation (Blomberg le et al., 2006; Guillomot et al., 2004; Hue et al., 2001). Although there is no marked synchrony between epibl ...
... In parallel to these remarkable changes in the trophoblast during a brief window of time, the embryonic disc (or epiblast) initiates gastrulation before the onset of implantation (Blomberg le et al., 2006; Guillomot et al., 2004; Hue et al., 2001). Although there is no marked synchrony between epibl ...
Calcium-induced calcium release supports recruitment of synaptic
... dent SK channel, did not vary the spontaneous activity reduction obtained with caffeine (data not shown), thus ruling out a potential contribution of SK-evoked hyperpolarization due to Ca2⫹ release from ER. Reduction during prolonged caffeine application could alternatively be explained by eventual ...
... dent SK channel, did not vary the spontaneous activity reduction obtained with caffeine (data not shown), thus ruling out a potential contribution of SK-evoked hyperpolarization due to Ca2⫹ release from ER. Reduction during prolonged caffeine application could alternatively be explained by eventual ...
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... with the standard mixture of TRDA and Fast Green. Embryos were then fixed and silver stained at the endpoints described above. After fixation, these experimental embryos were screened to ensure that they contained no cells labelled with FDA, the lineage tracer used for the ablations. Preparation of ...
... with the standard mixture of TRDA and Fast Green. Embryos were then fixed and silver stained at the endpoints described above. After fixation, these experimental embryos were screened to ensure that they contained no cells labelled with FDA, the lineage tracer used for the ablations. Preparation of ...
Control of Male Gametophyte Development
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.016659. ...
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.016659. ...
Ouabain-Insensitive Na+-ATPase Activity in Trypanosoma cruzi
... increase in N a+ concentration (from 5 to 170 mM), in the presence of 2 mM ouabain, increases the ATPase activity in a saturable manner along a rectangular hyperbola. The was 18.0 ± 1.0 and 21.1 ± 1.1 nmoles Pi x mg - 1 x m in - 1 and the half-activation value (K50) for Na+ was 34.3 ± 5.8 mM and 37. ...
... increase in N a+ concentration (from 5 to 170 mM), in the presence of 2 mM ouabain, increases the ATPase activity in a saturable manner along a rectangular hyperbola. The was 18.0 ± 1.0 and 21.1 ± 1.1 nmoles Pi x mg - 1 x m in - 1 and the half-activation value (K50) for Na+ was 34.3 ± 5.8 mM and 37. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... ZNF281 (also known as ZBP-99) was first cloned and identified as a transcriptional repressor binding to GC-rich promoters in human cells [14]. Studies so far have suggested that it mainly functions as a transcriptional repressor for regulation of downstream target genes [15, 16]. Zfp281/ZNF281 belongs ...
... ZNF281 (also known as ZBP-99) was first cloned and identified as a transcriptional repressor binding to GC-rich promoters in human cells [14]. Studies so far have suggested that it mainly functions as a transcriptional repressor for regulation of downstream target genes [15, 16]. Zfp281/ZNF281 belongs ...
Differential Effects of Rapamycin on Mammalian Target of
... rests almost entirely on studies of rapamycin-treated mammalian cells. This approach to the study of mTOR has been highly informative; however, an important caveat is that in budding yeast, the phenotypic consequences of rapamycin exposure are substantially less severe than those induced by the depl ...
... rests almost entirely on studies of rapamycin-treated mammalian cells. This approach to the study of mTOR has been highly informative; however, an important caveat is that in budding yeast, the phenotypic consequences of rapamycin exposure are substantially less severe than those induced by the depl ...
Retinoic Acid and the Development of the Endoderm
... including the endoderm, which is the subject of this review. A significant role for RA signaling in the development of endoderm might appear somewhat surprising because endoderm is a germ layer of all multi-layered embryos, whereas the RA signaling system has often been described as a signaling syst ...
... including the endoderm, which is the subject of this review. A significant role for RA signaling in the development of endoderm might appear somewhat surprising because endoderm is a germ layer of all multi-layered embryos, whereas the RA signaling system has often been described as a signaling syst ...
Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Microtubule
... Cell walls are a distinct feature of plants and their chemical constituents, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, are economically valuable. Plant fibres rich in cellulose, which mainly resides in their cell wall, are traditionally used in making paper and textiles. The changing global economic sit ...
... Cell walls are a distinct feature of plants and their chemical constituents, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, are economically valuable. Plant fibres rich in cellulose, which mainly resides in their cell wall, are traditionally used in making paper and textiles. The changing global economic sit ...
Meiotic and Mitotic Recombination in Meiosis
... the S. cerevisiae BLM ortholog Sgs1 in meiosis. Crossovers are reduced in mutants lacking ZMM proteins, including Msh4–Msh5, but, remarkably, crossovers are restored in double mutants that also lack Sgs1 (Jessop et al. 2006; Oh et al. 2007). An attractive interpretation of these results is that one ...
... the S. cerevisiae BLM ortholog Sgs1 in meiosis. Crossovers are reduced in mutants lacking ZMM proteins, including Msh4–Msh5, but, remarkably, crossovers are restored in double mutants that also lack Sgs1 (Jessop et al. 2006; Oh et al. 2007). An attractive interpretation of these results is that one ...
Calcium-induced calcium release supports recruitment of synaptic
... there was an initial overshoot in EPSC frequency (data no shown), indicative of an increased ...
... there was an initial overshoot in EPSC frequency (data no shown), indicative of an increased ...
Physiological implications of the regulation of vacuolar
... Intracellular V-ATPases are important for receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular trafficking, protein processing and degradation, coupled transport of small molecules and ions, and the entry of various pathogens into cells (4). An important model for the study of intracellular organelle H-A ...
... Intracellular V-ATPases are important for receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular trafficking, protein processing and degradation, coupled transport of small molecules and ions, and the entry of various pathogens into cells (4). An important model for the study of intracellular organelle H-A ...
THE RENAL ELECTROGENIC Na+:HCO3 COTRANSPORTER
... predicted Vm would be either more negative or more positive than the initial Vm, depending on whether the net direction of transport was inward or outward, respectively. However, the application of CO2/HCO3− can cause non-specific Vm changes. In the first place, CO2 diffuses rapidly across most cell ...
... predicted Vm would be either more negative or more positive than the initial Vm, depending on whether the net direction of transport was inward or outward, respectively. However, the application of CO2/HCO3− can cause non-specific Vm changes. In the first place, CO2 diffuses rapidly across most cell ...
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... (see supplementary material Fig. S1K,L) and the motoneuronspecific D42-Gal4 (Parkes et al., 1998), when used to target Gαo through expression of RNAi or Ptx, also led to a substantial decrease in bouton numbers (Fig. 2B). The Wg-secreting type Ib boutons (Packard et al., 2002) appeared more severely ...
... (see supplementary material Fig. S1K,L) and the motoneuronspecific D42-Gal4 (Parkes et al., 1998), when used to target Gαo through expression of RNAi or Ptx, also led to a substantial decrease in bouton numbers (Fig. 2B). The Wg-secreting type Ib boutons (Packard et al., 2002) appeared more severely ...
Isoform 5 of PIPKIc regulates the endosomal trafficking and
... et al., 2007). However, signals from the cellular microenvironment influence whether internalized E-cadherin is recycled or degraded (Giehl and Menke, 2008). The E-cadherin degradation pathway requires many components, including the ubiquitin ligase Hakai (also known as CBLL1) (Fujita et al., 2002; ...
... et al., 2007). However, signals from the cellular microenvironment influence whether internalized E-cadherin is recycled or degraded (Giehl and Menke, 2008). The E-cadherin degradation pathway requires many components, including the ubiquitin ligase Hakai (also known as CBLL1) (Fujita et al., 2002; ...
Understanding the role of growth factors in embryonic development
... (a) Fibroblast growth factor signalling While it is clear that FGF receptor signalling is essential for normal lens development and the differentiation of lens fibre cells, the exact nature of this signalling is only now being elucidated. In an attempt to better understand the mechanism(s) underlyin ...
... (a) Fibroblast growth factor signalling While it is clear that FGF receptor signalling is essential for normal lens development and the differentiation of lens fibre cells, the exact nature of this signalling is only now being elucidated. In an attempt to better understand the mechanism(s) underlyin ...
Plant cell walls to ethanol
... biomass feedstock, have been closely associated with the word ‘recalcitrance’ [1], to emphasize obstacles that can impede the conversion. Recalcitrance of the conversion stems from the key word ‘economical’, as each step in the conversion can be costly and drive production costs to exceed those of i ...
... biomass feedstock, have been closely associated with the word ‘recalcitrance’ [1], to emphasize obstacles that can impede the conversion. Recalcitrance of the conversion stems from the key word ‘economical’, as each step in the conversion can be costly and drive production costs to exceed those of i ...
Print
... doi:10.1152/physrev.00014.2004.—Endothelial cells of the blood and lymphatic vasculature are polarized cells with luminal surfaces specialized to interact with inflammatory cells upon the appropriate stimulation; they contain specialized transcellular transport systems, and their basal surfaces are ...
... doi:10.1152/physrev.00014.2004.—Endothelial cells of the blood and lymphatic vasculature are polarized cells with luminal surfaces specialized to interact with inflammatory cells upon the appropriate stimulation; they contain specialized transcellular transport systems, and their basal surfaces are ...
CDK5 is a major regulator of the tumor suppressor DLC1
... of DLC1 and CDK5 is highlighted in white in the merge image. The images are representative of the majority of cells. An averaged overlapping colocalization coefficient ± SD was calculated from 20 cells randomly selected from several fields, and is shown at the bottom of each panel. (F) Colocalizatio ...
... of DLC1 and CDK5 is highlighted in white in the merge image. The images are representative of the majority of cells. An averaged overlapping colocalization coefficient ± SD was calculated from 20 cells randomly selected from several fields, and is shown at the bottom of each panel. (F) Colocalizatio ...
The role of yolk syncytial layer and blastoderm movements during
... 1.2 Overview of zebrafish development The zebrafish embryo develops in a typical teleost manner and morphological aspects of its development, as well as defined stages, have already been described in detail (Kimmel et al., 1995; see Fig. 1.1). Still, we will briefly describe the main features of the ...
... 1.2 Overview of zebrafish development The zebrafish embryo develops in a typical teleost manner and morphological aspects of its development, as well as defined stages, have already been described in detail (Kimmel et al., 1995; see Fig. 1.1). Still, we will briefly describe the main features of the ...
Capture of AT-rich Chromatin by ELYS Recruits POM121 and NDC1
... assembly in vertebrates (Maul et al., 1972) and in yeast, that possess an intact nucleus throughout the cell cycle (Mutvei et al., 1992; Winey et al., 1997). A second model for postmitotic pore assembly proposes that most or all the soluble subunits are assembled on the chromatin in late mitosis and ...
... assembly in vertebrates (Maul et al., 1972) and in yeast, that possess an intact nucleus throughout the cell cycle (Mutvei et al., 1992; Winey et al., 1997). A second model for postmitotic pore assembly proposes that most or all the soluble subunits are assembled on the chromatin in late mitosis and ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.