Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of
... cells move farther shootward, they begin to mature and enter the elongation zone. About 6 h later, when they reach their final size, the cells become part of the differentiation zone (Fig. 2A and SI Appendix, Fig. S11) (27, 28). Cell-type–specific expression of a nondegradable form of the GA-signaling ...
... cells move farther shootward, they begin to mature and enter the elongation zone. About 6 h later, when they reach their final size, the cells become part of the differentiation zone (Fig. 2A and SI Appendix, Fig. S11) (27, 28). Cell-type–specific expression of a nondegradable form of the GA-signaling ...
Mesoderm migration in the Xenopus gastrula
... of persistence is attained. Thus, although FN will certainly contribute to the attachment of mesoderm cells to the BCR, due to its adhesive properties, its more specific role in mesoderm migration is the induction of lamellipodium formation. In this way, the SCR substrate not only provides adhesiven ...
... of persistence is attained. Thus, although FN will certainly contribute to the attachment of mesoderm cells to the BCR, due to its adhesive properties, its more specific role in mesoderm migration is the induction of lamellipodium formation. In this way, the SCR substrate not only provides adhesiven ...
Variations of bacterial-specific activity with cell size and nucleic acid
... their fluorescence and scatter signals, assuming that fluorescence was proportional to the cellular nucleic acid content and scatter signals to biovolume. Our results clearly demonstrated that specific activity was heterogeneously distributed within the group of HNA cells and increased with both sca ...
... their fluorescence and scatter signals, assuming that fluorescence was proportional to the cellular nucleic acid content and scatter signals to biovolume. Our results clearly demonstrated that specific activity was heterogeneously distributed within the group of HNA cells and increased with both sca ...
Kainate Activation of Horizontal, Bipolar, Amacrine, and Ganglion
... signals, and other parts of the image appear empty. The underlying cell types can be identified by extracting characteristic signatures. For example, ON-center cone bipolar cells can be discriminated from all other glutamate-rich bipolar cells by their glycine signals (Cohen and Sterling, 1986; Pour ...
... signals, and other parts of the image appear empty. The underlying cell types can be identified by extracting characteristic signatures. For example, ON-center cone bipolar cells can be discriminated from all other glutamate-rich bipolar cells by their glycine signals (Cohen and Sterling, 1986; Pour ...
Characteristics of Bacteria Worksheet
... If they are found in pairs, adding the prefix diplo- to their shape forms the name. An example is diplococci (a sphere shaped bacteria that is found in pairs). If the bacteria are found in chains, the prefix strepto- is added to their shape (ex. streptococci = long chains of sphere shaped bacteria). ...
... If they are found in pairs, adding the prefix diplo- to their shape forms the name. An example is diplococci (a sphere shaped bacteria that is found in pairs). If the bacteria are found in chains, the prefix strepto- is added to their shape (ex. streptococci = long chains of sphere shaped bacteria). ...
Memoryless self-reinforcing directionality in endosomal active
... reasonable: from the smallest possible step size, which is the individual run length, to the largest possible step size, which is the size of the cells. Indeed, in other systems, power-law tails with a slope of −2 have been identified as advantageous in random searching, although there is heated arg ...
... reasonable: from the smallest possible step size, which is the individual run length, to the largest possible step size, which is the size of the cells. Indeed, in other systems, power-law tails with a slope of −2 have been identified as advantageous in random searching, although there is heated arg ...
Cell Lineage and Fate Map of the Primary Somatoblast of the
... of early development known as spiral cleavage. Animals with spiral cleavage have diverse body plans, and homologous embryonic cells can be readily identified among distantly related animals. Spiralian embryos are particularly amenable to studies of fate-mapping, and larval fates of identified cells ...
... of early development known as spiral cleavage. Animals with spiral cleavage have diverse body plans, and homologous embryonic cells can be readily identified among distantly related animals. Spiralian embryos are particularly amenable to studies of fate-mapping, and larval fates of identified cells ...
Myeloid RelA regulates pulmonary host defense networks and R. Bals*
... warning signal that causes the local innate host defense system to switch from continuous noninflammatory protection towards an inflammatory activation of host defense. The aim of the study was to characterise the role of the myeloid NF-kB RelA subunit in host defense cells and to test whether the i ...
... warning signal that causes the local innate host defense system to switch from continuous noninflammatory protection towards an inflammatory activation of host defense. The aim of the study was to characterise the role of the myeloid NF-kB RelA subunit in host defense cells and to test whether the i ...
Every B3 Past Paper Question
... When a sperm cell joins with an egg cell, this is called …………………..… . The new cell formed starts to grow by cell …………………………………… forming an embryo. As the embryo grows, different types of cells are produced. This is called cell …………………………………… . ...
... When a sperm cell joins with an egg cell, this is called …………………..… . The new cell formed starts to grow by cell …………………………………… forming an embryo. As the embryo grows, different types of cells are produced. This is called cell …………………………………… . ...
microcircuitry of bipolar cells in cat retina1
... sublamina a without branching. Upon reaching sublamina b (stratum 3), each axon thickened somewhat, assumed a scalloped contour, and began to make many synaptic contacts (Figs. 6 and 7). The frequency of these contacts increased as the rod bipolar cell axons passed through strata 4 and 5 where, at t ...
... sublamina a without branching. Upon reaching sublamina b (stratum 3), each axon thickened somewhat, assumed a scalloped contour, and began to make many synaptic contacts (Figs. 6 and 7). The frequency of these contacts increased as the rod bipolar cell axons passed through strata 4 and 5 where, at t ...
Thyroglobulin, the major and obligatory
... phorylation of TG, because cells are excessively labelled, presumably due to incorporation of [32p]pO3- into RNA. However, immunoprecipitation of TG from microsomal fractions prepared after pulse-labelling of follicle cells with [32p]po3showed that phosporylation of TG is an intracellular event whic ...
... phorylation of TG, because cells are excessively labelled, presumably due to incorporation of [32p]pO3- into RNA. However, immunoprecipitation of TG from microsomal fractions prepared after pulse-labelling of follicle cells with [32p]po3showed that phosporylation of TG is an intracellular event whic ...
Title of the Project Cellular and molecular mechanisms of ozone
... effects on the proliferation and differentiation potential as well as on the structural and functional features of differentiated cells. The cells will be exposed to oxygen-ozone gas mixtures with different ozone concentrations according to the techniques described in (17, 18). Our previous results ...
... effects on the proliferation and differentiation potential as well as on the structural and functional features of differentiated cells. The cells will be exposed to oxygen-ozone gas mixtures with different ozone concentrations according to the techniques described in (17, 18). Our previous results ...
DISTRIBUTION OF PEROXISOMES - The Journal of Cell Biology
... substrate . They are found in all cells of the nephron . These cytochemical methods visualize the two organelles for light microscopy ; they also permit unequivocal differentiation of all kidney peroxisomes from lysosomes in electron micrographs . Peroxisomes are larger and more reactive in the cell ...
... substrate . They are found in all cells of the nephron . These cytochemical methods visualize the two organelles for light microscopy ; they also permit unequivocal differentiation of all kidney peroxisomes from lysosomes in electron micrographs . Peroxisomes are larger and more reactive in the cell ...
Pulsatile Stretch Remodels Cell-to-Cell Communication in Cultured
... Thereafter, the culture medium was replaced with medium containing 5% FCS every 24 to 48 hours. Cultures were then subjected to controlled pulsatile linear stretch for test periods of 1, 3, or 6 hours. Each series of experiments was performed on 8 to 12 cultures derived from 1 cell suspension. In ea ...
... Thereafter, the culture medium was replaced with medium containing 5% FCS every 24 to 48 hours. Cultures were then subjected to controlled pulsatile linear stretch for test periods of 1, 3, or 6 hours. Each series of experiments was performed on 8 to 12 cultures derived from 1 cell suspension. In ea ...
Cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells: From laboratory
... after myocardial infarction. In this regard, there have been recent exciting developments. Birket and colleagues [33] combined a complex but elegant double transgenic approach, wherein an NKX2.5-GFP targeted hESC line was further transfected with an inducible MYC expression construct. In the presenc ...
... after myocardial infarction. In this regard, there have been recent exciting developments. Birket and colleagues [33] combined a complex but elegant double transgenic approach, wherein an NKX2.5-GFP targeted hESC line was further transfected with an inducible MYC expression construct. In the presenc ...
Shininger, AnnRev. Plant Physiol. 1979 30:313-37
... during secondary development?Havethey, at the time at which they becomecytologicallyidentifiable, actually progressedtowarddifferentiation into xylemor phloem,or are they simply ordinary meristematic cells? Answersto these questions can only be obtained whenthe followingquestions are also answered:( ...
... during secondary development?Havethey, at the time at which they becomecytologicallyidentifiable, actually progressedtowarddifferentiation into xylemor phloem,or are they simply ordinary meristematic cells? Answersto these questions can only be obtained whenthe followingquestions are also answered:( ...
Protista knowledge
... ages. After death, their shells settle on the seabed, building up a thick, hard rock, known as radiolarite, which, along with siliceous deposits from diatoms, compose the “infusorial earth”. ...
... ages. After death, their shells settle on the seabed, building up a thick, hard rock, known as radiolarite, which, along with siliceous deposits from diatoms, compose the “infusorial earth”. ...
T Cell Proliferation Induced by Autologous Non
... high affinity for peptides derived from self-Ags are deleted. However, the persistence in the T cell repertoire of cells with some reactivity with self-peptides, through presumably low affinity interactions between peptide-MHC class II complexes and TCRs, is well documented (1–7). In the case of pat ...
... high affinity for peptides derived from self-Ags are deleted. However, the persistence in the T cell repertoire of cells with some reactivity with self-peptides, through presumably low affinity interactions between peptide-MHC class II complexes and TCRs, is well documented (1–7). In the case of pat ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... • Difference in electrical charge between two points is referred to as voltage • Cells that have a charge are said to be polarized ...
... • Difference in electrical charge between two points is referred to as voltage • Cells that have a charge are said to be polarized ...
An EMMPRIN–c-catenin–Nm23 complex drives ATP production and
... established over 48 h (Fig. 3A). The previously reported pattern of the actin network at immature endothelial junctions (Hoelzle and Svitkina, 2012) was detected at junctions formed by control endothelial cells after 1 h, whereas junctions in EMMPRINknockdown cells lacked this actin pattern at this ...
... established over 48 h (Fig. 3A). The previously reported pattern of the actin network at immature endothelial junctions (Hoelzle and Svitkina, 2012) was detected at junctions formed by control endothelial cells after 1 h, whereas junctions in EMMPRINknockdown cells lacked this actin pattern at this ...
Levels of Ycg1 Limit Condensin Function during the Cell Cycle
... One major phenotypic difference between these phases is chromosome conformation. Specifically, interphase chromosomes are decondensed and loosely packed within the nucleus, which allows for maximum accessibility of the DNA to the transcription and replication machineries, while mitotic chromosomes a ...
... One major phenotypic difference between these phases is chromosome conformation. Specifically, interphase chromosomes are decondensed and loosely packed within the nucleus, which allows for maximum accessibility of the DNA to the transcription and replication machineries, while mitotic chromosomes a ...
Lymphoma Vaccines for Active Immunotherapy of T Cell Are More
... The ability to target multiple tumor Ags may increase the magnitude and diversity of anti-tumor responses, thus preventing tumor from escaping responses limited in repertoire (30). Loading DC with proteins from tumor cell lysates may result in the presentation of a broader array of tumor-specific Ag ...
... The ability to target multiple tumor Ags may increase the magnitude and diversity of anti-tumor responses, thus preventing tumor from escaping responses limited in repertoire (30). Loading DC with proteins from tumor cell lysates may result in the presentation of a broader array of tumor-specific Ag ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.