Homeostatic maintenance of pathogen
... (TR)-dextran (70 kDa), as an indicator of vacuolar integrity (Fig. 1A and Movie S1). As early as 45 min pi, GAS in tbk1-/- MEFs were found in vacuoles that appeared to enlarge over time, compared with GAS in wild-type cells, which were contained in tight vacuoles. The apparent difference in vacuolar ...
... (TR)-dextran (70 kDa), as an indicator of vacuolar integrity (Fig. 1A and Movie S1). As early as 45 min pi, GAS in tbk1-/- MEFs were found in vacuoles that appeared to enlarge over time, compared with GAS in wild-type cells, which were contained in tight vacuoles. The apparent difference in vacuolar ...
Cell Division Activity during Apical Hook
... hook development were observed: ii, arc elongation; iii and iv, arc twisting. Stained dots are nuclei and each cell layer is represented by a different color. The horizontal dotted line that starts from the SAM shows the basis of the apical hook, whereas the vertical continuous line shows the hook m ...
... hook development were observed: ii, arc elongation; iii and iv, arc twisting. Stained dots are nuclei and each cell layer is represented by a different color. The horizontal dotted line that starts from the SAM shows the basis of the apical hook, whereas the vertical continuous line shows the hook m ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... sequentially from the floral meristem (Figure 1). The third whorl in Arabidopsis flowers contains six stamens, four medial (long) and two lateral (short). Stamen primordia in Arabidopsis appear during floral stage 5 (defined by Smyth et al., 1990)/anther stage 1 (Sanders et al., 1999), with the long ...
... sequentially from the floral meristem (Figure 1). The third whorl in Arabidopsis flowers contains six stamens, four medial (long) and two lateral (short). Stamen primordia in Arabidopsis appear during floral stage 5 (defined by Smyth et al., 1990)/anther stage 1 (Sanders et al., 1999), with the long ...
ARVO 2017 Annual Meeting Abstracts 306 Lens Physiology and
... Purpose: Gap junctions formed by connexins play important roles in lens homeostasis and transparency. In addition to their roles in forming gap junctions, connexins form hemichannels. However, the biological importance of these lens connexin hemichannels in lens cells remains largely unknown. Method ...
... Purpose: Gap junctions formed by connexins play important roles in lens homeostasis and transparency. In addition to their roles in forming gap junctions, connexins form hemichannels. However, the biological importance of these lens connexin hemichannels in lens cells remains largely unknown. Method ...
Stamen Structure and Function
... sequentially from the floral meristem (Figure 1). The third whorl in Arabidopsis flowers contains six stamens, four medial (long) and two lateral (short). Stamen primordia in Arabidopsis appear during floral stage 5 (defined by Smyth et al., 1990)/anther stage 1 (Sanders et al., 1999), with the long ...
... sequentially from the floral meristem (Figure 1). The third whorl in Arabidopsis flowers contains six stamens, four medial (long) and two lateral (short). Stamen primordia in Arabidopsis appear during floral stage 5 (defined by Smyth et al., 1990)/anther stage 1 (Sanders et al., 1999), with the long ...
Hyaluronidase enhances the activity of Adriamycin in breast cancer
... Prehm (1990) discussed the observation that high-molecular-mass hyaluronate inhibits cell growth, whereas small fragments are stimulatory. In addition, it is known that hyaluronidase treatment of living cells stimulates the synthesis of hyaluronic acid (Philipson et al. 1985; Larnier et al. 1989), w ...
... Prehm (1990) discussed the observation that high-molecular-mass hyaluronate inhibits cell growth, whereas small fragments are stimulatory. In addition, it is known that hyaluronidase treatment of living cells stimulates the synthesis of hyaluronic acid (Philipson et al. 1985; Larnier et al. 1989), w ...
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... cells. We confirmed this by 2166 immunostaining in S100-eGFP mice (Zuo et al., 2004) in which all myelinating and terminal Schwann cells are endogenously fluorescent (Fig. 2A). The 2166 immunostaining pattern was completely different and extended beyond the boundaries of the Schwann cell plasma memb ...
... cells. We confirmed this by 2166 immunostaining in S100-eGFP mice (Zuo et al., 2004) in which all myelinating and terminal Schwann cells are endogenously fluorescent (Fig. 2A). The 2166 immunostaining pattern was completely different and extended beyond the boundaries of the Schwann cell plasma memb ...
Ultrastructural and Physiological Characterization of YELP, a Novel
... Disruption of the cla-1 (chloroplasts altered) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the expression of the other photosynthesis-related genes encoded in the nucleus and in the chloroplast [20]. Plastids with mutations in dcl, dag and cla-1 are arrested in a state of proplastid, while some plastids of ...
... Disruption of the cla-1 (chloroplasts altered) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the expression of the other photosynthesis-related genes encoded in the nucleus and in the chloroplast [20]. Plastids with mutations in dcl, dag and cla-1 are arrested in a state of proplastid, while some plastids of ...
PDF here - University of Edinburgh
... cells. We confirmed this by 2166 immunostaining in S100-eGFP mice (Zuo et al., 2004) in which all myelinating and terminal Schwann cells are endogenously fluorescent (Fig. 2A). The 2166 immunostaining pattern was completely different and extended beyond the boundaries of the Schwann cell plasma memb ...
... cells. We confirmed this by 2166 immunostaining in S100-eGFP mice (Zuo et al., 2004) in which all myelinating and terminal Schwann cells are endogenously fluorescent (Fig. 2A). The 2166 immunostaining pattern was completely different and extended beyond the boundaries of the Schwann cell plasma memb ...
Redistribution and differential extraction of soluble proteins in
... immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, nucleolus, nucleus, protein localization. ...
... immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, nucleolus, nucleus, protein localization. ...
Ezrin NH2-Terminal Domain Inhibits the Cell
... Constructions of Plasmids Containing Total Ezrin cDNA and its Truncated COOH-Terminal Domains Human ezfin eDNA was obtained from plasmid pCV6 (Turunen et al., 1989). We would like to mention that a point mutation in codon 286 of ezfin eDNA sequence originating from the pCV6 plasmid was detected by s ...
... Constructions of Plasmids Containing Total Ezrin cDNA and its Truncated COOH-Terminal Domains Human ezfin eDNA was obtained from plasmid pCV6 (Turunen et al., 1989). We would like to mention that a point mutation in codon 286 of ezfin eDNA sequence originating from the pCV6 plasmid was detected by s ...
Intelligent Monitoring System Satisfies Customer Needs for
... the string. The monitor will alarm when there is a sufficient imbalance in the half-string voltage caused by one or more blocks (or cells) that have deviated from the pack on voltage. Mid point monitoring has significant limitations. As the system voltage increases, mid-point voltage monitoring lose ...
... the string. The monitor will alarm when there is a sufficient imbalance in the half-string voltage caused by one or more blocks (or cells) that have deviated from the pack on voltage. Mid point monitoring has significant limitations. As the system voltage increases, mid-point voltage monitoring lose ...
Embryonic development of the human hematopoietic system
... ABSTRACT Human hematopoiesis is initiated in the yolk sac during the third week of development. At the same time the capacity to produce blood cells also arises in the embryo, within the splanchnopleura, but this potential is not expressed before day 27, when clustered hematopoietic stem cells emerg ...
... ABSTRACT Human hematopoiesis is initiated in the yolk sac during the third week of development. At the same time the capacity to produce blood cells also arises in the embryo, within the splanchnopleura, but this potential is not expressed before day 27, when clustered hematopoietic stem cells emerg ...
Drug development in oncology assisted by - HAL
... cells. As demonstrated in Fig. 4, the pseudo-colored “green” signal obtained by the Cy3 linked to the RAFT-RGD part was mainly localized at cell junctions but was also found in small vesicles, as previously described for RAFT-RGD alone (Sancey et al., 2009). Most of the KLA, pseudo-colored in “red” ...
... cells. As demonstrated in Fig. 4, the pseudo-colored “green” signal obtained by the Cy3 linked to the RAFT-RGD part was mainly localized at cell junctions but was also found in small vesicles, as previously described for RAFT-RGD alone (Sancey et al., 2009). Most of the KLA, pseudo-colored in “red” ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
... et al., 1995). Like most bacterial peptidoglycan hydrolases, AcmA has a modular structure with two domains. The N-terminal domain exhibits sequence similarity with the catalytic domain of Enterococcus hirae muramidase Mur-2, and the C-terminal one contains three amino acid repeats ...
... et al., 1995). Like most bacterial peptidoglycan hydrolases, AcmA has a modular structure with two domains. The N-terminal domain exhibits sequence similarity with the catalytic domain of Enterococcus hirae muramidase Mur-2, and the C-terminal one contains three amino acid repeats ...
Experimental approaches to study plant cell walls during plant
... Plant cell walls provide physical strength, regulate the passage of bio-molecules, and act as the first barrier of defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In addition to providing structural integrity, plant cell walls serve an important function in connecting cells to their extracellular environ ...
... Plant cell walls provide physical strength, regulate the passage of bio-molecules, and act as the first barrier of defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In addition to providing structural integrity, plant cell walls serve an important function in connecting cells to their extracellular environ ...
A Role for Mitochondria in the Establishment and
... Embedded in all angiosperm root apices is a population of slowly dividing cells that together form a region known as the quiescent center (QC). Depending on the species, the QC varies in size from four cells in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to upward of 1,000 cells in the root apex of maize (Ze ...
... Embedded in all angiosperm root apices is a population of slowly dividing cells that together form a region known as the quiescent center (QC). Depending on the species, the QC varies in size from four cells in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to upward of 1,000 cells in the root apex of maize (Ze ...
Cell intercalation during Drosophila germband extension and its
... about 10 minutes after the formation of the cephalic furrow (Fig. 2B), by 20 minutes most cells have separated from at least one of their blastoderm neighbors (Fig. 2C), and by 30 minutes most cells have separated from both of their blastoderm neighbors (Fig. 2D). Cell intercalation continues to sep ...
... about 10 minutes after the formation of the cephalic furrow (Fig. 2B), by 20 minutes most cells have separated from at least one of their blastoderm neighbors (Fig. 2C), and by 30 minutes most cells have separated from both of their blastoderm neighbors (Fig. 2D). Cell intercalation continues to sep ...
Beginnings of a Good Apoptotic Meal: The Find-Me and
... LPC in the serum or plasma (100 mM), it is unclear how LPC can set up a gradient to attract phagocytes specifically to the proximity of apoptotic cells. Although high concentration of LPC could be present locally near a dying cell and thereby still provide the gradient, higher LPC concentrations cau ...
... LPC in the serum or plasma (100 mM), it is unclear how LPC can set up a gradient to attract phagocytes specifically to the proximity of apoptotic cells. Although high concentration of LPC could be present locally near a dying cell and thereby still provide the gradient, higher LPC concentrations cau ...
10. Early Amphibian Development
... Xenopus cell fate depends mostly on whether the cells are located in the superficial or deep layers in the blastula. superficial layer on surface: ectoderm and endoderm precursors deep layers (mostly): mesodermal precursors ...
... Xenopus cell fate depends mostly on whether the cells are located in the superficial or deep layers in the blastula. superficial layer on surface: ectoderm and endoderm precursors deep layers (mostly): mesodermal precursors ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.