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Ch. 3 - Crestwood Local Schools
Ch. 3 - Crestwood Local Schools

... for fuel, building materials, and receptors. Made of C,H,O General formula is CH2O C:O ratio is 1:1 ...
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... contain C, H, and O in the ratio of __________________- carbo (C) hydrate (H2O) a) monomers of sugars  __________________________________ 1)examples: _________________(manufactured by plants) _________________ (found in fruits), 2) ___________________: has the same molecular formula but a different ...
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... 9. Proteins are polymers that are made of what monomers? AMINO ACIDS 10. Is NaCl organic? How do you know? NO, DOES NOT CONTAIN CARBON 11. Give three examples of inorganic substances. SALT, MINERALS, ROCKS, GLASS, METAL, ETC 12. Give an example of a lipid (fat), a protein, a simple carbohydrate (sim ...
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Carbohydrate



A carbohydrate is a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words, with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n (where m could be different from n). Some exceptions exist; for example, deoxyribose, a sugar component of DNA, has the empirical formula C5H10O4. Carbohydrates are technically hydrates of carbon; structurally it is more accurate to view them as polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones.The term is most common in biochemistry, where it is a synonym of saccharide, a group that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. The saccharides are divided into four chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. In general, the monosaccharides and disaccharides, which are smaller (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates, are commonly referred to as sugars. The word saccharide comes from the Greek word σάκχαρον (sákkharon), meaning ""sugar."" While the scientific nomenclature of carbohydrates is complex, the names of the monosaccharides and disaccharides very often end in the suffix -ose. For example, grape sugar is the monosaccharide glucose, cane sugar is the disaccharide sucrose and milk sugar is the disaccharide lactose (see illustration).Carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides serve for the storage of energy (e.g., starch and glycogen) and as structural components (e.g., cellulose in plants and chitin in arthropods). The 5-carbon monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g., ATP, FAD and NAD) and the backbone of the genetic molecule known as RNA. The related deoxyribose is a component of DNA. Saccharides and their derivatives include many other important biomolecules that play key roles in the immune system, fertilization, preventing pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development.In food science and in many informal contexts, the term carbohydrate often means any food that is particularly rich in the complex carbohydrate starch (such as cereals, bread and pasta) or simple carbohydrates, such as sugar (found in candy, jams, and desserts).
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