Carbohydrates
... molecules constructed by joining monosaccharide units together by glycosidic bonds. The most important compounds in this class, cellulose, starch and glycogen are all polymers of glucose. Since partial hydrolysis of cellulose gives varying amounts of cellobiose, we conclude the glucose units in this ...
... molecules constructed by joining monosaccharide units together by glycosidic bonds. The most important compounds in this class, cellulose, starch and glycogen are all polymers of glucose. Since partial hydrolysis of cellulose gives varying amounts of cellobiose, we conclude the glucose units in this ...
carbohydrates - DSNaturopathy
... they are first broken down mechanically by our teeth but also chemically by amylase, an enzyme secreted by our salivary glands. It is therefore terribly important to chew the carbohydrates for at least 35 times. (On average we chew between 5-7 times!). As carbohydrates are digested and broken down b ...
... they are first broken down mechanically by our teeth but also chemically by amylase, an enzyme secreted by our salivary glands. It is therefore terribly important to chew the carbohydrates for at least 35 times. (On average we chew between 5-7 times!). As carbohydrates are digested and broken down b ...
Powerpoint on chapter 4 and 5
... • Monosaccharides √ CH2O formula; √ multiple hydroxyl (-OH) groups and 1 carbonyl (C=O) group: aldehyde (aldoses) sugar ketone sugar √ cellular respiration; √ raw material for amino acids and fatty acids – Pentoses (5 carbons) – Hexoses (6 carbons) – Can be a ring or linear. ...
... • Monosaccharides √ CH2O formula; √ multiple hydroxyl (-OH) groups and 1 carbonyl (C=O) group: aldehyde (aldoses) sugar ketone sugar √ cellular respiration; √ raw material for amino acids and fatty acids – Pentoses (5 carbons) – Hexoses (6 carbons) – Can be a ring or linear. ...
Basic Plant Biochemistry
... • The red atoms highlight the aldehyde group • the blue atoms highlight the asymmetric center furthest from the aldehyde; because this -OH is on the right of the Fischer projection, this is a D sugar. ...
... • The red atoms highlight the aldehyde group • the blue atoms highlight the asymmetric center furthest from the aldehyde; because this -OH is on the right of the Fischer projection, this is a D sugar. ...
Carbohydrates
... The new OH bearing carbon is now a stereo center and is called an anomeric carbon. If the OH on the ring is “up” the carbon is b, if the OH is “down” it is a. 7P1-15 ...
... The new OH bearing carbon is now a stereo center and is called an anomeric carbon. If the OH on the ring is “up” the carbon is b, if the OH is “down” it is a. 7P1-15 ...
Organic Chemistry
... The majority of compounds existing in nature are organic. Why is carbon so prevalent in these compounds? - The structure of carbon allows it to easily bond with other atoms A. Carbohydrates Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Sugars and starches are your ca ...
... The majority of compounds existing in nature are organic. Why is carbon so prevalent in these compounds? - The structure of carbon allows it to easily bond with other atoms A. Carbohydrates Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Sugars and starches are your ca ...
PRACTICE EXAM 1 BIOS 1300 SI - REVIEW 1 SI Leader: Merrin
... 19. Which of the following characteristics do all lipid molecules have in common? A) They are composed of three six-sided rings and one five-sided ring. B) They consist of three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule. C) They are all hydrophobic. ...
... 19. Which of the following characteristics do all lipid molecules have in common? A) They are composed of three six-sided rings and one five-sided ring. B) They consist of three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule. C) They are all hydrophobic. ...
Document
... cells in organisms. They are responsible for everything from the storage of energy to support structures within a cell system. The chemical elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen in different combinations, make up each of the molecules. How these elements are arranged dic ...
... cells in organisms. They are responsible for everything from the storage of energy to support structures within a cell system. The chemical elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen in different combinations, make up each of the molecules. How these elements are arranged dic ...
BIOCHEMISTRY TEST – PRACTICE QUESTIONS
... (B) breaking of a long-chain compound into subunits by adding water (C) linking of two or more molecules by the removal of one or more water molecules (D) constant removal of hydrogen atoms from the surface of a carbohydrate ...
... (B) breaking of a long-chain compound into subunits by adding water (C) linking of two or more molecules by the removal of one or more water molecules (D) constant removal of hydrogen atoms from the surface of a carbohydrate ...
Standard B-2
... Enzymatic proteins accelerate the speed of chemical reactions such as digestive enzymes Carbohydrates: sugars and starches; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; main source of energy for the cell and used to store energy for short periods of time; caloric value of carbs depend on the number o ...
... Enzymatic proteins accelerate the speed of chemical reactions such as digestive enzymes Carbohydrates: sugars and starches; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; main source of energy for the cell and used to store energy for short periods of time; caloric value of carbs depend on the number o ...
Chapter 15 Nutrients and Nutrition Notes
... iv. Cholesterol: abundant in liver and egg yolks. Not generally present in foods from plant origin. d. Lipid Utilization: i. Digestion breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. ii. After absorbed, they are transported in blood and lymph tissues. ...
... iv. Cholesterol: abundant in liver and egg yolks. Not generally present in foods from plant origin. d. Lipid Utilization: i. Digestion breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. ii. After absorbed, they are transported in blood and lymph tissues. ...
Carbohydrates and Wt. Loss Complete
... o Some carbohydrates — such as fiber — can impart as little as 0 calories per gram, are not digested and pass through your body as waste. ...
... o Some carbohydrates — such as fiber — can impart as little as 0 calories per gram, are not digested and pass through your body as waste. ...
Karbohidratlar - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... • Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth • Cellulose is the principal strength and support of trees and plants • Cellulose can also be soft and ...
... • Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth • Cellulose is the principal strength and support of trees and plants • Cellulose can also be soft and ...
organic compounds
... together into a polypeptide (a) Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) ...
... together into a polypeptide (a) Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) ...
Carbohydrates
... Naming Monosaccharides • Carbohydrate nomenclature is unique to “sugar chemistry” — we do not name monosaccharides using the IUPAC rules. • Monosaccharide names end in “ose” • Monosaccharides can be classified by: • Carbonyl group: aldose or ketose • Number of carbons: triose, tetrose, etc. • Bo ...
... Naming Monosaccharides • Carbohydrate nomenclature is unique to “sugar chemistry” — we do not name monosaccharides using the IUPAC rules. • Monosaccharide names end in “ose” • Monosaccharides can be classified by: • Carbonyl group: aldose or ketose • Number of carbons: triose, tetrose, etc. • Bo ...
Chapter 7 Carbon Chemistry
... that are linked together in different combinations to make different proteins ...
... that are linked together in different combinations to make different proteins ...
Lecture #5 - Suraj @ LUMS
... B. Disaccharides C. Polysaccharides • Diverse group includes sugars, starches, cellulose. • Biological Functions: ...
... B. Disaccharides C. Polysaccharides • Diverse group includes sugars, starches, cellulose. • Biological Functions: ...
Carbohydrate Structure
... • Glucose-galactose linked by 1-4 b glycosidic bond. • Galactose opens and closes so REDUCING sugar • Lactase deficiency leads to lactose intolerance. (More resistant than sucrose to acid hydrolysis). ...
... • Glucose-galactose linked by 1-4 b glycosidic bond. • Galactose opens and closes so REDUCING sugar • Lactase deficiency leads to lactose intolerance. (More resistant than sucrose to acid hydrolysis). ...
Carbohydrate Structure
... • Glucose-galactose linked by 1-4 b glycosidic bond. • Galactose opens and closes so REDUCING sugar • Lactase deficiency leads to lactose intolerance. (More resistant than sucrose to acid hydrolysis). ...
... • Glucose-galactose linked by 1-4 b glycosidic bond. • Galactose opens and closes so REDUCING sugar • Lactase deficiency leads to lactose intolerance. (More resistant than sucrose to acid hydrolysis). ...
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words, with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n (where m could be different from n). Some exceptions exist; for example, deoxyribose, a sugar component of DNA, has the empirical formula C5H10O4. Carbohydrates are technically hydrates of carbon; structurally it is more accurate to view them as polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones.The term is most common in biochemistry, where it is a synonym of saccharide, a group that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. The saccharides are divided into four chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. In general, the monosaccharides and disaccharides, which are smaller (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates, are commonly referred to as sugars. The word saccharide comes from the Greek word σάκχαρον (sákkharon), meaning ""sugar."" While the scientific nomenclature of carbohydrates is complex, the names of the monosaccharides and disaccharides very often end in the suffix -ose. For example, grape sugar is the monosaccharide glucose, cane sugar is the disaccharide sucrose and milk sugar is the disaccharide lactose (see illustration).Carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides serve for the storage of energy (e.g., starch and glycogen) and as structural components (e.g., cellulose in plants and chitin in arthropods). The 5-carbon monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g., ATP, FAD and NAD) and the backbone of the genetic molecule known as RNA. The related deoxyribose is a component of DNA. Saccharides and their derivatives include many other important biomolecules that play key roles in the immune system, fertilization, preventing pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development.In food science and in many informal contexts, the term carbohydrate often means any food that is particularly rich in the complex carbohydrate starch (such as cereals, bread and pasta) or simple carbohydrates, such as sugar (found in candy, jams, and desserts).