Download Chemistry of Life – Chapter 8 ANSWERS Directions: Answer all the

Chemistry of Life – Chapter 8 ANSWERS
Directions: Answer all the questions in your notebook. Do not write on this sheet. You will need to use the book to help
answer some of the questions. Reduce, reuse, recycle – Especially carbon and carbon based organic molecules.
Chemistry of Life – Carbon - ANSWERS
1. What element is the building block of life? CARBON
2. We are all _________ based life forms. CARBON
3. How many valence electrons is carbon missing? How many does it have? This means it can form up to how many
bonds with other elements? 4, 4, 4
4. Draw a picture (structural formula) of C3H8.
C-C-C
5. C3H8 is the _________ formula for propane (the stuff used in BBQs) MOLECULAR
6. What does “organic” mean (not the organic Mr. Caldwell talks about) it has in it. CARBON
7. List the three chains carbon can be found to form. BRANCHED, RING, STRAIGHT
8. What does NO CHOPS stand for and what six elements? THE 6 MAIN ELEMENTS THAT MAKE US UP – NITROGEN,
OXYGEN, CARBON, HYDROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, SULFUR
9. Proteins are polymers that are made of what monomers? AMINO ACIDS
10. Is NaCl organic? How do you know? NO, DOES NOT CONTAIN CARBON
11. Give three examples of inorganic substances. SALT, MINERALS, ROCKS, GLASS, METAL, ETC
12. Give an example of a lipid (fat), a protein, a simple carbohydrate (simple sugar), and a complex carbohydrate.
CHOLESTEROL, MUSCLE TISSUE, SUCROSE or GLUCOSE, CELLULOSE or STARCH
13. What does DNA stand for? What does RNA stand for? DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID, RIBONUCLEIC ACID
14. List 3 examples of polymers that make us (humans) up. PROTEINS, LIPIDS, CARBOHYDRATES, DNA, RNA, NUCLEIC
ACIDS
15. What elements make up hydrocarbons? HYDROGEN and CARBON
16. Carbohydrates have carbon and what other key elements? (Hint: The answer is in the name). HYDROGEN AND
OXYGEN (WHICH MAKES H2O – THUS “HYDRATE”)
17. Your brain only needs two things to live: oxygen and _____________. (hint: a type of simple sugar) GLUCOSE
18. When your toast burns in the toaster what is that black stuff that forms on the bread? CARBON
19. How many amino acids are there in our bodies? 20
20. Carbohydrates and proteins contain 4 calories per gram while fat contains 9 calories per gram. Which would have
more calories 20 grams of fat-free bread or 10 grams of olive oil? How many calories would each have?
10 GRAMS OF OLIVE OIL – 90 CALORIES