Connections Between the Retrosplenial Cortex and the
... Nissl preparations that distinguishes it from the adjacent cortical areas (Fig. 1). Laterally and rostrally Rdg is bordered by lateral agranular (motor) cortex (Donoghue and Wise, 1982) and caudally and laterally Rdg is bounded by area 18b (Fig. 1); the border between Rdg and area 18b is characteriz ...
... Nissl preparations that distinguishes it from the adjacent cortical areas (Fig. 1). Laterally and rostrally Rdg is bordered by lateral agranular (motor) cortex (Donoghue and Wise, 1982) and caudally and laterally Rdg is bounded by area 18b (Fig. 1); the border between Rdg and area 18b is characteriz ...
Interactions between attention, context and learning in primary
... Fig. 1. Facilitation in detection and responses to a target line by a collinear flanking line. (A) Subjects were asked to report the presence of a line presented in the near periphery (at 4° eccentricity) at a range of luminances, when presented in isolation and in conjunction with a flanking line. ...
... Fig. 1. Facilitation in detection and responses to a target line by a collinear flanking line. (A) Subjects were asked to report the presence of a line presented in the near periphery (at 4° eccentricity) at a range of luminances, when presented in isolation and in conjunction with a flanking line. ...
The Chemical Senses
... All taste qualities are detected in all regions of the tongue, although sensitivity to the different taste qualities may vary by region ...
... All taste qualities are detected in all regions of the tongue, although sensitivity to the different taste qualities may vary by region ...
Prenatal and postnatal development of laterally
... driven or genetically driven development alone. In contrast, we show that a two-stage model of development can account for a wider range of experimental data. The model explains how environmental and genetic information can be incorporated into the same neural hardware, using a common set of learnin ...
... driven or genetically driven development alone. In contrast, we show that a two-stage model of development can account for a wider range of experimental data. The model explains how environmental and genetic information can be incorporated into the same neural hardware, using a common set of learnin ...
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling
... It has been traditional to consider both REM and waking states to be states of consciousness in the phenomenal sense of having conscious experiences; but to bestow that title to only waking states in the medical sense of being conscious of ones surroundings. While REM and waking states share some co ...
... It has been traditional to consider both REM and waking states to be states of consciousness in the phenomenal sense of having conscious experiences; but to bestow that title to only waking states in the medical sense of being conscious of ones surroundings. While REM and waking states share some co ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... pictures after 30 s, while fMRI images were obtained. The results showed an immediate (30 s) and long-lasting (3 day) decrease in neural activity in bilateral occipitotemporal cortex following both nameable and nonsense object repetition. In addition, decreases in left inferior frontal activity were ...
... pictures after 30 s, while fMRI images were obtained. The results showed an immediate (30 s) and long-lasting (3 day) decrease in neural activity in bilateral occipitotemporal cortex following both nameable and nonsense object repetition. In addition, decreases in left inferior frontal activity were ...
Introduction to Psychology
... Contrast the three types of neurons that transmit information through the nervous system. Identify and describe techniques for studying the brain (lesions, EEG, PET, CAT, MRI) Describe the functions of the brainstem (medulla and reticular formation), thalamus, cerebellum, and limbic system (hypothal ...
... Contrast the three types of neurons that transmit information through the nervous system. Identify and describe techniques for studying the brain (lesions, EEG, PET, CAT, MRI) Describe the functions of the brainstem (medulla and reticular formation), thalamus, cerebellum, and limbic system (hypothal ...
Response characteristics in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN
... retina, LGN and cortex (see [23]). Usually, response latency declines with increasing contrast and with increasing stimulus size. The higher the amount of light energy, which is collected by the receptive eld of a ganglion cell, the stronger and steeper is the change of membrane potential and ring ...
... retina, LGN and cortex (see [23]). Usually, response latency declines with increasing contrast and with increasing stimulus size. The higher the amount of light energy, which is collected by the receptive eld of a ganglion cell, the stronger and steeper is the change of membrane potential and ring ...
Neural Activity and the Development of Brain Circuits
... lead to different brain circuits. This appears to be the case. When neural activity in the retina is blocked with tetrodotoxin, simultaneous stimulation of both optic nerves with electrodes is not sufficient to restore the pattern of ocular dominance columns. Only when the optic nerves are stimulated a ...
... lead to different brain circuits. This appears to be the case. When neural activity in the retina is blocked with tetrodotoxin, simultaneous stimulation of both optic nerves with electrodes is not sufficient to restore the pattern of ocular dominance columns. Only when the optic nerves are stimulated a ...
Primate Globus Pallidus and Subthalamic Nucleus: Functional
... to associated movements of other body parts, the activity of each task-related cell was also studied and characterized outside the behavioral paradigm. Specifically, the discharge of each cell was observed during spontaneous and induced active movements and during natural somatosensory stimulation o ...
... to associated movements of other body parts, the activity of each task-related cell was also studied and characterized outside the behavioral paradigm. Specifically, the discharge of each cell was observed during spontaneous and induced active movements and during natural somatosensory stimulation o ...
Cholinergic Cell Loss and Hypertrophy in the Medial Septal Nucleus
... nucleus of four aged (23-25 years old) and four young (1 O12 years old) rhesus monkeys. All of the animals had been tested on an extensive battery of learning and memory tasks prior to these experiments. Two of the aged monkeys displayed a pattern of recognition memory deficits that resembled the ef ...
... nucleus of four aged (23-25 years old) and four young (1 O12 years old) rhesus monkeys. All of the animals had been tested on an extensive battery of learning and memory tasks prior to these experiments. Two of the aged monkeys displayed a pattern of recognition memory deficits that resembled the ef ...
Reprint () - Centre de recherche CERVO
... loids (thalamus), and barrels (cortex). Whereas the whisker-like patterning of the terminal fields of PR5 axons in rat VPM has been well documented both at the ensemble level and the single-cell level (Williams et al., 1994; Veinante and Deschênes, 1999), the topographic distribution of SP5i projec ...
... loids (thalamus), and barrels (cortex). Whereas the whisker-like patterning of the terminal fields of PR5 axons in rat VPM has been well documented both at the ensemble level and the single-cell level (Williams et al., 1994; Veinante and Deschênes, 1999), the topographic distribution of SP5i projec ...
22. May 2014 Examination NEVR2010 There are two types
... from other biological mechanisms? (3) 16. Can research into the brain show that we do not really have free will or that we should not be held responsible for our actions? (4) 17. Give one piece of evidence for hemispheric lateralization of language. (2) 18. Give a short definition of aphasia. (1) 19 ...
... from other biological mechanisms? (3) 16. Can research into the brain show that we do not really have free will or that we should not be held responsible for our actions? (4) 17. Give one piece of evidence for hemispheric lateralization of language. (2) 18. Give a short definition of aphasia. (1) 19 ...
521 THE CHOLINERGIC LIMBIC SYSTEM: PROJECTIONS TO
... (a) Nuclei supplying medial cortex.—The anterior thalamic nuclei are supplied directly by fornix fibres as well as indirectly through the mammillothalamic tract (Guillery, 1966; Nauta, 1956). The anteroventral nucleus is rich in both AChE and ChE, which is located in the cells and extracellularly in ...
... (a) Nuclei supplying medial cortex.—The anterior thalamic nuclei are supplied directly by fornix fibres as well as indirectly through the mammillothalamic tract (Guillery, 1966; Nauta, 1956). The anteroventral nucleus is rich in both AChE and ChE, which is located in the cells and extracellularly in ...
er81 is expressed in a subpopulation of layer 5
... locations can sometimes be utilized as effective references of neuron classes; e.g. layer 4 and layer 5 neurons have distinct morphological and hodological characteristics. However, cell classes cannot be determined only from their laminar positions. For example, in layer 5, even adjacent pyramidal ...
... locations can sometimes be utilized as effective references of neuron classes; e.g. layer 4 and layer 5 neurons have distinct morphological and hodological characteristics. However, cell classes cannot be determined only from their laminar positions. For example, in layer 5, even adjacent pyramidal ...
Directional guidance of interneuron migration to the cerebral cortex
... bulb (Hu, 1999; Wu et al., 1999; Zhu et al., 1999), as well as in the radial migration of projection neurons into the developing striatum (Hamasaki et al., 2001). It seems unlikely, however, that the same mechanism of repulsion from the ventricular zone can account alone for such extremely divergent ...
... bulb (Hu, 1999; Wu et al., 1999; Zhu et al., 1999), as well as in the radial migration of projection neurons into the developing striatum (Hamasaki et al., 2001). It seems unlikely, however, that the same mechanism of repulsion from the ventricular zone can account alone for such extremely divergent ...
Use of a Recombinant Pseudorabies Virus to
... those following nerve lesions, demonstrating that the MI has the intrinsic circuitry necessary to support reorganization, in which the intracortical horizontal connections play a decisive role (Sanes and Donoghue, 2000). Our earlier studies revealed that the motor cortices of both hemispheres, inter ...
... those following nerve lesions, demonstrating that the MI has the intrinsic circuitry necessary to support reorganization, in which the intracortical horizontal connections play a decisive role (Sanes and Donoghue, 2000). Our earlier studies revealed that the motor cortices of both hemispheres, inter ...
pdf file - Plymouth University
... phenotype, and on their relation, i.e., the genotype-to-phenotype mapping. The fitness of an individual, that affects selective reproduction, is based on the phenotype but what is inherited is the genotype, not the phenotype. Furthermore, while the genotype of an individual is one single entity, the ...
... phenotype, and on their relation, i.e., the genotype-to-phenotype mapping. The fitness of an individual, that affects selective reproduction, is based on the phenotype but what is inherited is the genotype, not the phenotype. Furthermore, while the genotype of an individual is one single entity, the ...
Chapter 10
... regions of the motor homunculus are involved in activating motor neurons the arms, hands, and legs primarily on the ________, while the trunk the motor homunculus are primarily involved in activating motor neurons the trunk primarily on the _________. ...
... regions of the motor homunculus are involved in activating motor neurons the arms, hands, and legs primarily on the ________, while the trunk the motor homunculus are primarily involved in activating motor neurons the trunk primarily on the _________. ...
Age-related Increase in Astrocytes in the Visual Area V2 of the Cat
... old (12–13 years old) cats. An immunohistochemical method was applied to demonstrate glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive astrocytes. Under the microscope, the densities of the astrocytes and the diameters of the somata were calculated, and the processes of the astrocytes were also ...
... old (12–13 years old) cats. An immunohistochemical method was applied to demonstrate glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive astrocytes. Under the microscope, the densities of the astrocytes and the diameters of the somata were calculated, and the processes of the astrocytes were also ...
The elephant brain in numbers
... from the anterior to the posterior pole. Color intensity of the delineated cortical grey matter indicates the local neuronal density according to the scale ...
... from the anterior to the posterior pole. Color intensity of the delineated cortical grey matter indicates the local neuronal density according to the scale ...
Top-down influence in early visual processing: a Bayesian perspective
... and the top-down contextual priors. Unless the input image is simple and clear, each area normally cannot be sure of its inference and has to entertain a number of hypotheses simultaneously. The feed-forward input drives the generation of the hypotheses, the feedback from higher inference areas prov ...
... and the top-down contextual priors. Unless the input image is simple and clear, each area normally cannot be sure of its inference and has to entertain a number of hypotheses simultaneously. The feed-forward input drives the generation of the hypotheses, the feedback from higher inference areas prov ...
Self-organization and interareal networks™in™the™primate cortex
... terms of molecular prespecification but must also take into account the internal and external environmental factors that modulate organization as cortical development unfolds. The developing sensory apparatus produces environmental information from which the brain needs to extract behaviorally relev ...
... terms of molecular prespecification but must also take into account the internal and external environmental factors that modulate organization as cortical development unfolds. The developing sensory apparatus produces environmental information from which the brain needs to extract behaviorally relev ...