Patterns of neuronal migration in the embryonic cortex
... diverse and complex than previously thought. The finding that cortical interneurons migrate to the cortex from origins in the ventral telencephalon has already markedly altered our view of cortical migration. More recent findings have demonstrated additional nuances in the migratory pattern and high ...
... diverse and complex than previously thought. The finding that cortical interneurons migrate to the cortex from origins in the ventral telencephalon has already markedly altered our view of cortical migration. More recent findings have demonstrated additional nuances in the migratory pattern and high ...
Visual Experience Is Necessary for Maintenance But Not
... 2002). Consistent with the diffuse terminal arbors, dark rearing throughout postnatal development can also result in enlarged cortical RFs, as defined electrophysiologically (Fagiolini et al. 1994). An alternative explanation for these results, however, is that the enlarged RFs in deprived animals r ...
... 2002). Consistent with the diffuse terminal arbors, dark rearing throughout postnatal development can also result in enlarged cortical RFs, as defined electrophysiologically (Fagiolini et al. 1994). An alternative explanation for these results, however, is that the enlarged RFs in deprived animals r ...
University of Groningen The hearing brain in males and
... The cochlea is tonotopically organized, which means that each frequency component of a sound stimulates a distinct region of the cochlea. The nerve fibers throughout the auditory system are organized in a systematic way that preserves the tonotopy (Brawer et al., 1974). Axons from the dorsal cochlea ...
... The cochlea is tonotopically organized, which means that each frequency component of a sound stimulates a distinct region of the cochlea. The nerve fibers throughout the auditory system are organized in a systematic way that preserves the tonotopy (Brawer et al., 1974). Axons from the dorsal cochlea ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
... infrared camera placed above the recording chamber. Presentation of Sound Stimuli Protocols of stimulation were controlled through Matlab and a National Instrument card and breakout box (FS 300 kHz). Sound triggers had microsecond precision. A WAV-file containing white noise was generated. We first ob ...
... infrared camera placed above the recording chamber. Presentation of Sound Stimuli Protocols of stimulation were controlled through Matlab and a National Instrument card and breakout box (FS 300 kHz). Sound triggers had microsecond precision. A WAV-file containing white noise was generated. We first ob ...
Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester
... VTA/SN, which, in turn, project back to the prefrontal cortex, via the medial dorsal (MD) nucleus of the thalamus. This circuit is an integral part of the cortico-basal ganglia system. In addition, other structures including the amygdala, hippocampus, lateral habenular (LHb) nucleus, and specific br ...
... VTA/SN, which, in turn, project back to the prefrontal cortex, via the medial dorsal (MD) nucleus of the thalamus. This circuit is an integral part of the cortico-basal ganglia system. In addition, other structures including the amygdala, hippocampus, lateral habenular (LHb) nucleus, and specific br ...
Activity of Neurons in Anterior Inferior Temporal Cortex during a
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
The Fraction of Cortical GABAergic Neurons Is Constant from Near
... 1986; Cavanagh and Parnavelas, 1988; Ang et al., 2003; Valcanis and Tan, 2003; Xu et al., 2004; Yozu et al., 2004; Rymar and Sadikot, 2007) and some seem to recognize layer-specific cues provided by excitatory neurons for settling their final positions (Lodato et al., 2011). But others do not follow ...
... 1986; Cavanagh and Parnavelas, 1988; Ang et al., 2003; Valcanis and Tan, 2003; Xu et al., 2004; Yozu et al., 2004; Rymar and Sadikot, 2007) and some seem to recognize layer-specific cues provided by excitatory neurons for settling their final positions (Lodato et al., 2011). But others do not follow ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... than reflecting actual planning. To address this possibility, a task was designed in which the stimuli were always the same and the monkeys autonomously chose whether to make a reach or a saccade (Cui and Andersen, 2007). Thus, any difference in activity cannot be attributed to sensory attributes of ...
... than reflecting actual planning. To address this possibility, a task was designed in which the stimuli were always the same and the monkeys autonomously chose whether to make a reach or a saccade (Cui and Andersen, 2007). Thus, any difference in activity cannot be attributed to sensory attributes of ...
Catastrophic Forgetting in Connectionist Networks: Causes
... overlap significantly with old representations. This means that the set of weights that produced the old representations will remain largely unaffected by new input. Representations in ALCOVE, depending on how finely the inverse-distance activation function is tuned, can vary from being somewhat di ...
... overlap significantly with old representations. This means that the set of weights that produced the old representations will remain largely unaffected by new input. Representations in ALCOVE, depending on how finely the inverse-distance activation function is tuned, can vary from being somewhat di ...
Embodied cognitive evolution and the cerebellum
... measures such as neocortex ratio underestimate the contribution of the cerebellum to brain evolution. Once differences in the scaling of connectivity in neocortex and cerebellum are accounted for, a marked and general pattern of correlated evolution of the two structures is apparent. One deviation f ...
... measures such as neocortex ratio underestimate the contribution of the cerebellum to brain evolution. Once differences in the scaling of connectivity in neocortex and cerebellum are accounted for, a marked and general pattern of correlated evolution of the two structures is apparent. One deviation f ...
Superior Parietal Cortex Is Critical for the Manipulation of
... memory (Digit Span Backward, Spatial Span Backward, LetterNumber Sequencing, and Arithmetic), as well as for the more demanding working memory conditions of the N-Back test (2-Back and 3-Back). For all working memory tests that revealed a significant difference among groups, the SupPar Lesion group’ ...
... memory (Digit Span Backward, Spatial Span Backward, LetterNumber Sequencing, and Arithmetic), as well as for the more demanding working memory conditions of the N-Back test (2-Back and 3-Back). For all working memory tests that revealed a significant difference among groups, the SupPar Lesion group’ ...
exuberance in the development of cortical
... axons much less effectively. Other tracers tend to be less effectively taken up and/or transported by young axons, preventing the detection of connections that can be readily visualized when they are more mature. In some studies, the same projections were studied at different ages using several trac ...
... axons much less effectively. Other tracers tend to be less effectively taken up and/or transported by young axons, preventing the detection of connections that can be readily visualized when they are more mature. In some studies, the same projections were studied at different ages using several trac ...
Rat Thought-Controlled Robot Arm
... distinctively sharp drop in NP activity (4 in Fig. 4b). Similar NP properties were found in the other five animals in which MI/VL forelimb neurons were recorded. Further analysis of such ANNs suggested that they ‘learned’ to make such predictions by encoding distinct temporal response functions into ...
... distinctively sharp drop in NP activity (4 in Fig. 4b). Similar NP properties were found in the other five animals in which MI/VL forelimb neurons were recorded. Further analysis of such ANNs suggested that they ‘learned’ to make such predictions by encoding distinct temporal response functions into ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation by
... Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ...
... Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ...
Cortical connections of the visuomotor parietooccipital
... pressure, respiratory depth, and body temperature were continuously monitored. Upon recovery from anesthesia, the animals were returned to their home cages and closely monitored. Analgesics (ketorolac, 1 mg/kg, i.m.) and antibiotics (erythromycin, 1–1.5 ml/10 kg) were provided postoperatively. In th ...
... pressure, respiratory depth, and body temperature were continuously monitored. Upon recovery from anesthesia, the animals were returned to their home cages and closely monitored. Analgesics (ketorolac, 1 mg/kg, i.m.) and antibiotics (erythromycin, 1–1.5 ml/10 kg) were provided postoperatively. In th ...
The Calcium Rationale in Aging and Alzheimer`s Disease
... our behavioral model task, eyeblink conditioning, is impaired for both aging rabbits and aging h~mans.’”’~Eyeblink conditioning is further impaired in Alzheimer’s patients as compared to age-matched controls.20*21 We used trace eyeblink conditioning to study age-associated learning deficits of aging ...
... our behavioral model task, eyeblink conditioning, is impaired for both aging rabbits and aging h~mans.’”’~Eyeblink conditioning is further impaired in Alzheimer’s patients as compared to age-matched controls.20*21 We used trace eyeblink conditioning to study age-associated learning deficits of aging ...
The neural correlates of implicit and explicit sequence learning
... logic also naturally yields dichotomous characterizations of the contrast between implicit and explicit learning. However, studies based on this logic overlook the fact that even carefully designed learning and testing conditions can hardly be considered as “process-pure” (Reingold and Merikle 1988; ...
... logic also naturally yields dichotomous characterizations of the contrast between implicit and explicit learning. However, studies based on this logic overlook the fact that even carefully designed learning and testing conditions can hardly be considered as “process-pure” (Reingold and Merikle 1988; ...
http://www.utdallas.edu/~tres/papers/Disterhoftetal1994.pdf
... our behavioral model task, eyeblink conditioning, is impaired for both aging rabbits and aging h~mans.’”’~Eyeblink conditioning is further impaired in Alzheimer’s patients as compared to age-matched controls.20*21 We used trace eyeblink conditioning to study age-associated learning deficits of aging ...
... our behavioral model task, eyeblink conditioning, is impaired for both aging rabbits and aging h~mans.’”’~Eyeblink conditioning is further impaired in Alzheimer’s patients as compared to age-matched controls.20*21 We used trace eyeblink conditioning to study age-associated learning deficits of aging ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the stimuli such as their intensity. This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and th ...
... somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the stimuli such as their intensity. This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and th ...
Scaling self-organizing maps to model large cortical networks
... that allows much larger networks to be simulated in a given computation time and in a given amount of memory. The simulations begin with a small network, which is gradually scaled up as it self-organizes. This approach is effective for two reasons: (1) pruning-based self-organizing models tend to ha ...
... that allows much larger networks to be simulated in a given computation time and in a given amount of memory. The simulations begin with a small network, which is gradually scaled up as it self-organizes. This approach is effective for two reasons: (1) pruning-based self-organizing models tend to ha ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at ...
... stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at ...
Hasson-JNeurosci2008.. - Center for Neural Science
... common measure of response amplitude. The second set of findings on which our approach is based comes from human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, indicating that many brain regions are strongly correlated in their activity within and across individuals watching the same movie (B ...
... common measure of response amplitude. The second set of findings on which our approach is based comes from human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, indicating that many brain regions are strongly correlated in their activity within and across individuals watching the same movie (B ...
The functional organization of the intraparietal sulcus in humans and
... Kanwisher, 2001). These data are supported by studies of patients presenting with lesions of the parietal cortex and neuropsychological deficits such as visuospatial neglect, different forms of apraxia and other visuomotor coordination problems (for reviews see, for example, Marshall & Fink, 2001, 2 ...
... Kanwisher, 2001). These data are supported by studies of patients presenting with lesions of the parietal cortex and neuropsychological deficits such as visuospatial neglect, different forms of apraxia and other visuomotor coordination problems (for reviews see, for example, Marshall & Fink, 2001, 2 ...
Neurodynamical modeling of arbitrary visuomotor tasks
... This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and publications by the doctoral student, which are printed in the chapters thereafter. In the introductory section, we give first a review of the literature of conditional visuomotor learning. We focus on the specific experiments used to study this pa ...
... This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and publications by the doctoral student, which are printed in the chapters thereafter. In the introductory section, we give first a review of the literature of conditional visuomotor learning. We focus on the specific experiments used to study this pa ...
ppt - UC Davis Imaging Research Center
... One block of each condition was presented in each run, and the starting condition was random between runs. Only the 2nd trial of each pair was analyzed ROIs were obtained using a shift (2) x task (2) x time (7) ANOVA. Voxel-wise tests used a threshold of p < .001 and a cluster size of 4 voxels ...
... One block of each condition was presented in each run, and the starting condition was random between runs. Only the 2nd trial of each pair was analyzed ROIs were obtained using a shift (2) x task (2) x time (7) ANOVA. Voxel-wise tests used a threshold of p < .001 and a cluster size of 4 voxels ...