Neural Network Dynamics
... input. In mathematical terms, we need to understand how a system can reconcile a rich internal state structure with a high degree of sensitivity to external variables. This problem is far from solved, but here we review progress that has been made in recent years. Rather than surveying a large numbe ...
... input. In mathematical terms, we need to understand how a system can reconcile a rich internal state structure with a high degree of sensitivity to external variables. This problem is far from solved, but here we review progress that has been made in recent years. Rather than surveying a large numbe ...
Mechanisms of memory storage in a model perirhinal network
... recency and familiarity effects using calcium-dependent potassium currents and modifiable feedforward synapses, ...
... recency and familiarity effects using calcium-dependent potassium currents and modifiable feedforward synapses, ...
Kandel ch. 42 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... movement. The frequency of complex spikes in Purkinje cells is rarely more than 1-3 per second. Such low frequencies cannot by themselves carry substantial information about the magnitude of natural stimuli or behavior. What could be encoded by the complex spikes? One possibility is that complex spi ...
... movement. The frequency of complex spikes in Purkinje cells is rarely more than 1-3 per second. Such low frequencies cannot by themselves carry substantial information about the magnitude of natural stimuli or behavior. What could be encoded by the complex spikes? One possibility is that complex spi ...
Diversity and wiring variability of visual local neurons in the
... the lamina, medulla, lobula, and lobula plate (Morante and Desplan, 2004). Starting with the compound eye, visual signals are transmitted through a twodimensional array of modular longitudinal structures called cartridges in the lamina and columns in the other three neuropils, which retains the spat ...
... the lamina, medulla, lobula, and lobula plate (Morante and Desplan, 2004). Starting with the compound eye, visual signals are transmitted through a twodimensional array of modular longitudinal structures called cartridges in the lamina and columns in the other three neuropils, which retains the spat ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
PROJECTIONS OF THE AMYGDALOID BODY TO THE INSULAR
... who noted that in the dog there is a large insulopetal projection from the basal dorsal nucleus. Krettek and Price (5) found in the cat connections which originate in the anterior part of the basal dorsal nucleus and r e x h the agranular and granular insular cortex. In our results neurons projectin ...
... who noted that in the dog there is a large insulopetal projection from the basal dorsal nucleus. Krettek and Price (5) found in the cat connections which originate in the anterior part of the basal dorsal nucleus and r e x h the agranular and granular insular cortex. In our results neurons projectin ...
Properties of Primary Sensory (Lemniscal) Synapses in the
... calcium currents) when hyperpolarized and high-threshold potentials (presumably high-threshold calcium currents) when depolarized (Fig. 2C). The low- and high-threshold potentials were also triggered with the application of current injection and thus they did not require synaptic input to be evoked ...
... calcium currents) when hyperpolarized and high-threshold potentials (presumably high-threshold calcium currents) when depolarized (Fig. 2C). The low- and high-threshold potentials were also triggered with the application of current injection and thus they did not require synaptic input to be evoked ...
N.L. Strominger et al. Cerebellum, in Noback`s Human
... dendrioles of other unipolar brush cells, thus amplifying the excitatory effect of the extrinsic mossy fibers and potentiating vestibular signals and sensory input to the spinocerebellum. Purkinje cells, which form the middle layer, provide the only output from cerebellar cortex and are its final in ...
... dendrioles of other unipolar brush cells, thus amplifying the excitatory effect of the extrinsic mossy fibers and potentiating vestibular signals and sensory input to the spinocerebellum. Purkinje cells, which form the middle layer, provide the only output from cerebellar cortex and are its final in ...
as a PDF
... facilitates glutamate actions at NMDA receptors [26,27,69,70]. D2 receptor activity attenuates glutamate actions at non-NMDA receptors [26,70]. Since the nonNMDA glutamate activity is necessary before the NMDA receptor can become activated, this selective amplification of the NMDA response should se ...
... facilitates glutamate actions at NMDA receptors [26,27,69,70]. D2 receptor activity attenuates glutamate actions at non-NMDA receptors [26,70]. Since the nonNMDA glutamate activity is necessary before the NMDA receptor can become activated, this selective amplification of the NMDA response should se ...
Electrical Interactions via the Extracellular Potential Near Cell Bodies
... dendritic trunk is slightly to the left of x = 0 and goes up approximately straight, so the larger potentials at the top center are from the apical dendrite. The field potentials look roughly similar in slices at other angles through the volume, so only this slice is shown. ...
... dendritic trunk is slightly to the left of x = 0 and goes up approximately straight, so the larger potentials at the top center are from the apical dendrite. The field potentials look roughly similar in slices at other angles through the volume, so only this slice is shown. ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... molecules. A depolarizing action potential invading the bouton causes synaptic vesicles docked at the plasma membrane to fuse and release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, a small space between the pre- and postsynaptic cells. Synaptic vesicle fusion does not occur randomly at the pres ...
... molecules. A depolarizing action potential invading the bouton causes synaptic vesicles docked at the plasma membrane to fuse and release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, a small space between the pre- and postsynaptic cells. Synaptic vesicle fusion does not occur randomly at the pres ...
Optic Glomeruli and Their Inputs inDrosophilaShare an
... first step in visual processing in insects is through a series of retinotopic neurons. Recent studies on flies have found that these converge onto assemblies of columnar neurons in the lobula, the axons of which segregate to project to discrete optic glomeruli in the lateral protocerebrum. This arra ...
... first step in visual processing in insects is through a series of retinotopic neurons. Recent studies on flies have found that these converge onto assemblies of columnar neurons in the lobula, the axons of which segregate to project to discrete optic glomeruli in the lateral protocerebrum. This arra ...
Intracellular and computational evidence for a
... of spontaneous activity in the system. Such conductance measurements should be corroborated with an analysis of the level of spontaneous activity to verify what component of the conductance variations are really due to the input. Second, the finding that most spikes in awake cat association cortex ...
... of spontaneous activity in the system. Such conductance measurements should be corroborated with an analysis of the level of spontaneous activity to verify what component of the conductance variations are really due to the input. Second, the finding that most spikes in awake cat association cortex ...
Loss of Neurons in Magnocellular and Parvocellular Layers of the
... layers 1 and 2 are magnocellular layers, while the remaining dorsal layers 3 through 6 are parvocellular layers. Layers 1, 4, and 6 of the left LGN are connected to the glaucomatous right eye, while layers 2, 3, and 5 are connected to the nonglaucomatous left eye. To determine whether neurons are lo ...
... layers 1 and 2 are magnocellular layers, while the remaining dorsal layers 3 through 6 are parvocellular layers. Layers 1, 4, and 6 of the left LGN are connected to the glaucomatous right eye, while layers 2, 3, and 5 are connected to the nonglaucomatous left eye. To determine whether neurons are lo ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... molecules. A depolarizing action potential invading the bouton causes synaptic vesicles docked at the plasma membrane to fuse and release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, a small space between the pre- and postsynaptic cells. Synaptic vesicle fusion does not occur randomly at the pres ...
... molecules. A depolarizing action potential invading the bouton causes synaptic vesicles docked at the plasma membrane to fuse and release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, a small space between the pre- and postsynaptic cells. Synaptic vesicle fusion does not occur randomly at the pres ...
Surround suppression explained by long-range
... cortex are made selectively between points across the cortical surface with similar functional preferences48–54 . Similarly, excitatory connections in rodents are made selectively37, 55 , between neurons with correlated functional properties39, 46, 56 . Here we propose a computational model that, co ...
... cortex are made selectively between points across the cortical surface with similar functional preferences48–54 . Similarly, excitatory connections in rodents are made selectively37, 55 , between neurons with correlated functional properties39, 46, 56 . Here we propose a computational model that, co ...
PDF
... factors such as morphogen gradients controlling dorso-ventral soma, dendrite, and axon positions may constrain the synaptic connections made between different types of neuron sufficiently as the spinal cord first develops and in this way allow functional networks to form rapidly. For example, if “geog ...
... factors such as morphogen gradients controlling dorso-ventral soma, dendrite, and axon positions may constrain the synaptic connections made between different types of neuron sufficiently as the spinal cord first develops and in this way allow functional networks to form rapidly. For example, if “geog ...
Neuropilin-2 Regulates the Development of Select Cranial and
... the alternatively spliced regions (Chen et al., 1997). The cytoplasmic region of neuropilins is short (about 40 amino acids) and contains no signal transduction motifs. Different class 3 semaphorins bind neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 with different affinities, with Sema3A binding neuropilin-1 but no ...
... the alternatively spliced regions (Chen et al., 1997). The cytoplasmic region of neuropilins is short (about 40 amino acids) and contains no signal transduction motifs. Different class 3 semaphorins bind neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 with different affinities, with Sema3A binding neuropilin-1 but no ...
Nissl substance and cellular structures involved in the intraneuronal
... leads to formation of double-wall vesicles (DWV) at the MRN periphery. Their electron-light cytoplasm is typical for the glial but not for darker neuronal cytoplasm (Fig.4,6). This confirms the glial origin of DWV and the glia-to-neuron direction of such intercellular transport. With this mechanism, ...
... leads to formation of double-wall vesicles (DWV) at the MRN periphery. Their electron-light cytoplasm is typical for the glial but not for darker neuronal cytoplasm (Fig.4,6). This confirms the glial origin of DWV and the glia-to-neuron direction of such intercellular transport. With this mechanism, ...
prenatal formation of cortical input and development of
... within the neostriatum (Fig. 2B). As far as laterality of corticostriatal projections at The first indication of a patterned corticostriatal pro- these later gestational ages is concerned, evidence for a jection was discernible in a fetus that was injected at contralateral innervation of the neostri ...
... within the neostriatum (Fig. 2B). As far as laterality of corticostriatal projections at The first indication of a patterned corticostriatal pro- these later gestational ages is concerned, evidence for a jection was discernible in a fetus that was injected at contralateral innervation of the neostri ...
Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Parabrachial Region: Ultrastructural
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
Novel approaches to explore mechanisms of
... treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hippocampal components and signaling properties involved in the mechanisms of epileptogenesis and induction of seizures, to guide a rational search for such future treatments. In the present thesis, we have applied opt ...
... treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hippocampal components and signaling properties involved in the mechanisms of epileptogenesis and induction of seizures, to guide a rational search for such future treatments. In the present thesis, we have applied opt ...
Engineering new synaptic connections in the C. elegans connectome
... widely used. However, these methods mostly target the overall transmission or reception properties of neurons or neuronal populations and thus affect the total neuronal output or input, so that the effective unit of manipulation is actually the neuron rather than a specific synapse (Fig. 1A). Recent ...
... widely used. However, these methods mostly target the overall transmission or reception properties of neurons or neuronal populations and thus affect the total neuronal output or input, so that the effective unit of manipulation is actually the neuron rather than a specific synapse (Fig. 1A). Recent ...
Motor Cortical Networks for Skilled Movements Have Reaching
... a baseline firing rate (mean ± SD: 8.5 ± 3.6 spikes/s) that was significantly lower than (P < 0.001, rank-sum test) that of the FS neurons (mean ± SD: 22.7 ± 9.6 spikes/s). More recent studies in the primate have also discussed the presence of another class of RS neuron that fires at high frequencie ...
... a baseline firing rate (mean ± SD: 8.5 ± 3.6 spikes/s) that was significantly lower than (P < 0.001, rank-sum test) that of the FS neurons (mean ± SD: 22.7 ± 9.6 spikes/s). More recent studies in the primate have also discussed the presence of another class of RS neuron that fires at high frequencie ...