Number, size and distribution of ganglion neurons in urinary bladder
... pubic symphysis, the urinary bladder was re moved with the distal segment of the ureter and the proximal portion of the urethra. The bladder was filled with Giemsa's fixative solution moderately distending the wall and immersed in the same fixative for 18 hours. It was then opened, the mucosa remov ...
... pubic symphysis, the urinary bladder was re moved with the distal segment of the ureter and the proximal portion of the urethra. The bladder was filled with Giemsa's fixative solution moderately distending the wall and immersed in the same fixative for 18 hours. It was then opened, the mucosa remov ...
J. Neurophysiol. - Nonlinear Dynamics Group
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... learning-dependent reductions in the amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs), accompanied by other increases in excitability (i.e., increased firing rate, or reduced spike-frequency accommodation) after trace eyeblink conditioning or spatial learning, wit ...
... learning-dependent reductions in the amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs), accompanied by other increases in excitability (i.e., increased firing rate, or reduced spike-frequency accommodation) after trace eyeblink conditioning or spatial learning, wit ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... EVOKED AND SPONTANEOUS OSCILLATIONS (20–50 Hz) IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS ...
... EVOKED AND SPONTANEOUS OSCILLATIONS (20–50 Hz) IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS ...
Disc1Point Mutations in Mice Affect Development of the Cerebral
... Figure 3. Reduced BrdU incorporation and mispositioning of cortical neurons in Disc1 mutant mice. A, BrdU was injected into of neuronal differentiation. To observe the numbers and eventual E12, E15, and E18 pregnant females of WT, Q31L,⫹and L100P mutants. Mice were killed at P21 for BrdU and NeuN im ...
... Figure 3. Reduced BrdU incorporation and mispositioning of cortical neurons in Disc1 mutant mice. A, BrdU was injected into of neuronal differentiation. To observe the numbers and eventual E12, E15, and E18 pregnant females of WT, Q31L,⫹and L100P mutants. Mice were killed at P21 for BrdU and NeuN im ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral
... The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, co ...
... The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, co ...
Activity dynamics and behavioral correlates of CA3 and CA1
... The CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons are the major principal cell types of the hippocampus proper. The strongly recurrent collateral system of CA3 cells and the largely parallel-organized CA1 neurons suggest that these regions perform distinct computations. However, a comprehensive comparison between C ...
... The CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons are the major principal cell types of the hippocampus proper. The strongly recurrent collateral system of CA3 cells and the largely parallel-organized CA1 neurons suggest that these regions perform distinct computations. However, a comprehensive comparison between C ...
Effects of excess vitamin B6 intake on cerebral cortex neurons in rat
... cisternae (arrows) and many damaged cell organelles are seen. An edematous area around the vessel (V) can clearly be observed. (b) This electron micrograph shows typical neuronal and neuropil damage after long-term high-dose vitamin B6 treatment. In neuropil, many neuropil vacuoles (NV) and edematou ...
... cisternae (arrows) and many damaged cell organelles are seen. An edematous area around the vessel (V) can clearly be observed. (b) This electron micrograph shows typical neuronal and neuropil damage after long-term high-dose vitamin B6 treatment. In neuropil, many neuropil vacuoles (NV) and edematou ...
Nancy A. O`Rourke Nicholas C. Weiler Kristina D
... regions. For example, a study of PSDs from rat forebrain and cerebellum revealed marked molecular heterogeneities between the two regions 10. On the other hand, a recent comparison of synaptic vesicle pools between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses reached the conclusion that the two pools have v ...
... regions. For example, a study of PSDs from rat forebrain and cerebellum revealed marked molecular heterogeneities between the two regions 10. On the other hand, a recent comparison of synaptic vesicle pools between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses reached the conclusion that the two pools have v ...
How Inhibition Shapes Cortical Activity
... 2007; Packer and Yuste, 2011; Silberberg and Markram, 2007; Stokes and Isaacson, 2010; Yoshimura and Callaway, 2005). Thus, not only are GABAergic interneurons excited in proportion to the level of local network activity, but they directly influence it through their inhibitory feedback. This simple ...
... 2007; Packer and Yuste, 2011; Silberberg and Markram, 2007; Stokes and Isaacson, 2010; Yoshimura and Callaway, 2005). Thus, not only are GABAergic interneurons excited in proportion to the level of local network activity, but they directly influence it through their inhibitory feedback. This simple ...
Chunking of Action Sequences in the Cortex
... each making a small contribution, which suggests either a high rate of firing from a few neurons or coherent network activity from large number of neurons, is needed to make the projection neurons fire. The firing in the striatum is very dependent on specific contexts which implies that it corresponds t ...
... each making a small contribution, which suggests either a high rate of firing from a few neurons or coherent network activity from large number of neurons, is needed to make the projection neurons fire. The firing in the striatum is very dependent on specific contexts which implies that it corresponds t ...
Long-Term Depression in Identified Stellate Neurons of Juvenile Rat
... EC expresses N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent LTP (Alonso et al. 1990; de Curtis and Llinas 1993; Yang et al. 2004) and LTD (Bouras and Chapman 2003; Cheong et al. 2002; Kourrich and Chapman 2003; Solger et al. 2004; Yang et al. 2004; Zhou et al. 2005). However, the synapse specificity ...
... EC expresses N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent LTP (Alonso et al. 1990; de Curtis and Llinas 1993; Yang et al. 2004) and LTD (Bouras and Chapman 2003; Cheong et al. 2002; Kourrich and Chapman 2003; Solger et al. 2004; Yang et al. 2004; Zhou et al. 2005). However, the synapse specificity ...
lecture 13 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
... Typically, a region of cortex on one side of the brain communicates with the same region on the other side. Two commissures interconnect the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex: ...
... Typically, a region of cortex on one side of the brain communicates with the same region on the other side. Two commissures interconnect the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex: ...
BMP4 expression in the adult rat brain
... BMP4-IR was observed throughout the hippocampus (Fig. 4A). The dentate gyrus exhibited relative intenser staining. In the stratum oriens of the Ammon’s horn, BMP4-IR was seen in the neuropil, in addition some cells are also immunoreactive (Fig. 4B and C). In the stratum pyramidale, many pyramidal ce ...
... BMP4-IR was observed throughout the hippocampus (Fig. 4A). The dentate gyrus exhibited relative intenser staining. In the stratum oriens of the Ammon’s horn, BMP4-IR was seen in the neuropil, in addition some cells are also immunoreactive (Fig. 4B and C). In the stratum pyramidale, many pyramidal ce ...
Original Article Female Rat Hippocampal Cell
... 2006). Previous studies have indicated that chronic opiate treatment can significantly modulate synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, leading to an opiate dependence of the plasticity, and it has been suggested that up-regulation of the cAMP pathway is likely one of the ...
... 2006). Previous studies have indicated that chronic opiate treatment can significantly modulate synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, leading to an opiate dependence of the plasticity, and it has been suggested that up-regulation of the cAMP pathway is likely one of the ...
Expression of ml-m4 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Proteins in
... derived from each subtype. Further descriptions of ml-m4 immunoreactivities refer to specific staining that was not observed in controls, with the intent that the terms denote “receptor-like” immunoreactivity. As with any immunocytochemical procedure, it is not possible to be certain that the reacti ...
... derived from each subtype. Further descriptions of ml-m4 immunoreactivities refer to specific staining that was not observed in controls, with the intent that the terms denote “receptor-like” immunoreactivity. As with any immunocytochemical procedure, it is not possible to be certain that the reacti ...
The Location of Extrinsic Afferent and Efferent Neurons Innervating
... A substantial number of cells in the coeliac complex project to the proximal colon (this study, 25) via the inferior coeliac nerves (25), and it is probable that primary afferents projecting to the proximal colon from thoracic ganglia follow this more cranial route. Although, Altschuler et al. (20) ...
... A substantial number of cells in the coeliac complex project to the proximal colon (this study, 25) via the inferior coeliac nerves (25), and it is probable that primary afferents projecting to the proximal colon from thoracic ganglia follow this more cranial route. Although, Altschuler et al. (20) ...
Leap 2 - Entire - Teacher Enrichment Initiatives
... 2. be destroyed by chemical reactions that take place in the “receiving” neuron 3. be destroyed by specialized “clean up” glial cells 4. be reabsorbed back into the “sending” neuron - this reabsorption will signal cells to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter, until the next stimulus occurs. T ...
... 2. be destroyed by chemical reactions that take place in the “receiving” neuron 3. be destroyed by specialized “clean up” glial cells 4. be reabsorbed back into the “sending” neuron - this reabsorption will signal cells to STOP releasing additional neurotransmitter, until the next stimulus occurs. T ...
Striate cortex increases contrast gain of macaque LGN neurons
... first determined the contrast–response functions for parvocellular and magnocellular neurons and then reversibly inactivated V1 by cooling. The corticofugal pathways originate in layer 6 of V1 (Fitzpatrick et al., 1994). Based upon the similar results by others studying corticocortical feedback unde ...
... first determined the contrast–response functions for parvocellular and magnocellular neurons and then reversibly inactivated V1 by cooling. The corticofugal pathways originate in layer 6 of V1 (Fitzpatrick et al., 1994). Based upon the similar results by others studying corticocortical feedback unde ...
Severely dystrophic axons at amyloid plaques
... TgCRND8 mouse axons longitudinally through, distal to, and proximal from dystrophic regions. The corresponding neurons not only survived but remained morphologically unaltered, indicating absence of axonal damage signalling or a failure to respond to it. Axons, no matter how dystrophic, remained con ...
... TgCRND8 mouse axons longitudinally through, distal to, and proximal from dystrophic regions. The corresponding neurons not only survived but remained morphologically unaltered, indicating absence of axonal damage signalling or a failure to respond to it. Axons, no matter how dystrophic, remained con ...
The History of the EEG
... • Fast Fourier Transform seperates spontaneous EEG signal to component frequencies and amplitudes • Restriction: high frequency resolution demands long (in the range of seconds) analysis windows ...
... • Fast Fourier Transform seperates spontaneous EEG signal to component frequencies and amplitudes • Restriction: high frequency resolution demands long (in the range of seconds) analysis windows ...
Predicting voluntary movements from motor cortical activity with
... analog circuits to accelerate neuronal computations, or dedicated digital circuits that support massively parallel data exchange in a brain-inspired fashion, or a combination of both. Several platforms for neuromorphic computing have emerged, starting with the pioneering work of Carver Mead [23], up ...
... analog circuits to accelerate neuronal computations, or dedicated digital circuits that support massively parallel data exchange in a brain-inspired fashion, or a combination of both. Several platforms for neuromorphic computing have emerged, starting with the pioneering work of Carver Mead [23], up ...
Solving the Problem of Negative Synaptic Weights in Cortical Models
... methods can be employed. Instead of finding decoders φ to decode an estimate of x (i.e., computing the identity function), the same linear leastsquares method can be used to provide decoders φ g(x) for some arbitrary function g(x). These new decoders, placed into equation 2.3, then provide the synap ...
... methods can be employed. Instead of finding decoders φ to decode an estimate of x (i.e., computing the identity function), the same linear leastsquares method can be used to provide decoders φ g(x) for some arbitrary function g(x). These new decoders, placed into equation 2.3, then provide the synap ...
The horizontal brain slice preparation: a novel approach for
... optic tectum is a multisensory processing center that receives direct visual input as well as nonvisual mechanosensory input. The tectal neurons that comprise the optic tectum are organized into layers. These neurons project their dendrites laterally into the neuropil where visual inputs target the ...
... optic tectum is a multisensory processing center that receives direct visual input as well as nonvisual mechanosensory input. The tectal neurons that comprise the optic tectum are organized into layers. These neurons project their dendrites laterally into the neuropil where visual inputs target the ...