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... What is the function of the antagonistic relationship between control systems and the DMN? One possibility is that this relationship may result from competition for control of shared computational resources between distributed networks. For both networks, their associated computations are likely to ...
... What is the function of the antagonistic relationship between control systems and the DMN? One possibility is that this relationship may result from competition for control of shared computational resources between distributed networks. For both networks, their associated computations are likely to ...
Physiological Patterns in the Hippocampo
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...
Physiological patterns in the hippocampo
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... cetartiodactyls (humpback whale, giraffe), and primates (human, common chimpanzee). Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; ...
... cetartiodactyls (humpback whale, giraffe), and primates (human, common chimpanzee). Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... child spilled stained the rug) with less complex object subject (OS) sentences (e.g., The child spilled the juice that stained the rug). Eight right-handed young male subjects read a sentence and made a speeded decision as to whether it was plausible or not. Stromswold et al. [1996] reported an incr ...
... child spilled stained the rug) with less complex object subject (OS) sentences (e.g., The child spilled the juice that stained the rug). Eight right-handed young male subjects read a sentence and made a speeded decision as to whether it was plausible or not. Stromswold et al. [1996] reported an incr ...
Thalamic POm projections to the dorsolateral striatum of rats
... the mean rate of spontaneous activity, 99% confidence limits were constructed and displayed on the PSTH of each neuron. Responses to mechanical stimulation were considered statistically significant if they exceeded the 99% confidence limits on two contiguous bins, and the time of the first bin was d ...
... the mean rate of spontaneous activity, 99% confidence limits were constructed and displayed on the PSTH of each neuron. Responses to mechanical stimulation were considered statistically significant if they exceeded the 99% confidence limits on two contiguous bins, and the time of the first bin was d ...
17. Pathways and Integrative Functions
... a decade earlier, Mr. Reagan had publicly revealed the onset of his illness by saying, “At the moment, I feel just fine.” Alzheimer disease is a progressive dementia that debilitates the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) and usually affects people in their 60s or over. This neurodegene ...
... a decade earlier, Mr. Reagan had publicly revealed the onset of his illness by saying, “At the moment, I feel just fine.” Alzheimer disease is a progressive dementia that debilitates the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) and usually affects people in their 60s or over. This neurodegene ...
Nervous System - Warren County Schools
... Mostly seen in the elderly, but may begin in middle age Structural changes in the brain include abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers within neurons Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion and ultimately, hallucinations and death Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... Mostly seen in the elderly, but may begin in middle age Structural changes in the brain include abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers within neurons Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion and ultimately, hallucinations and death Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Fichamento do artigo: PANGARO, Paul. Cybernetics, A Definition
... In working to derive functional models common to all systems, early cybernetic researchers quickly realized that their "science of observed systems" cannot be divorced from "a science of observing systems" — because it is we who observe [von Foerster 1974]. The cybernetic approach is centrally conce ...
... In working to derive functional models common to all systems, early cybernetic researchers quickly realized that their "science of observed systems" cannot be divorced from "a science of observing systems" — because it is we who observe [von Foerster 1974]. The cybernetic approach is centrally conce ...
The Neural Basis of Human Error Processing: Reinforcement
... that actions that are followed by feelings of satisfaction are more likely to be generated again in the future, whereas actions that are followed by negative outcomes are less likely to reoccur. This fundamental reinforcement learning principle has been developed by the artificial intelligence commu ...
... that actions that are followed by feelings of satisfaction are more likely to be generated again in the future, whereas actions that are followed by negative outcomes are less likely to reoccur. This fundamental reinforcement learning principle has been developed by the artificial intelligence commu ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... The appearance of the neocortex, its expansion, and its differentiation in mammals, represents one of the principal episodes in the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of ...
... The appearance of the neocortex, its expansion, and its differentiation in mammals, represents one of the principal episodes in the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of ...
Words in the brain`s language
... Abstract: If the cortex is an associative memory, strongly connected cell assemblies will form when neurons in different cortical areas are frequently active at the same time. The cortical distributions of these assemblies must be a consequence of where in the cortex correlated neuronal activity occ ...
... Abstract: If the cortex is an associative memory, strongly connected cell assemblies will form when neurons in different cortical areas are frequently active at the same time. The cortical distributions of these assemblies must be a consequence of where in the cortex correlated neuronal activity occ ...
Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... cortical microcircuit (Potjans and Diesmann 2014). We thereby demonstrate how to obtain LFP predictions from point-neuron network models using additional spatial connectivity information from anatomical data (Binzegger et al. 2004; Izhikevich and Edelman 2008). The example illustrates how the hybrid ...
... cortical microcircuit (Potjans and Diesmann 2014). We thereby demonstrate how to obtain LFP predictions from point-neuron network models using additional spatial connectivity information from anatomical data (Binzegger et al. 2004; Izhikevich and Edelman 2008). The example illustrates how the hybrid ...
BDNF-modulated Spatial Organization of Cajal
... cortex with disorganized CR cells and aberrant cortical lamination (Ringstedt et al., 1998). During embryonic development, CR neurons express BDNF and NT4 along with their receptor TrkB (Fukumitsu et al., 1998), whereas GABAergic neurons only express TrkB (Gorba and Wahle, 1999). Both neuronal cell ...
... cortex with disorganized CR cells and aberrant cortical lamination (Ringstedt et al., 1998). During embryonic development, CR neurons express BDNF and NT4 along with their receptor TrkB (Fukumitsu et al., 1998), whereas GABAergic neurons only express TrkB (Gorba and Wahle, 1999). Both neuronal cell ...
The orbitofrontal cortex: Neuronal activity in the behaving monkey
... a range of neutral stimuli such as gratings and laboratory objects, and aversive stimuli such as a 1 ml syringe from which the monkey was given mildly aversive hypertonic saline to drink. The sequence of counts used in the standard protocol allowed the orbitofrontal neurons to be grouped into certai ...
... a range of neutral stimuli such as gratings and laboratory objects, and aversive stimuli such as a 1 ml syringe from which the monkey was given mildly aversive hypertonic saline to drink. The sequence of counts used in the standard protocol allowed the orbitofrontal neurons to be grouped into certai ...
The kinaesthetic senses
... is potentially ambiguous. The proximity of skin receptors adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect ...
... is potentially ambiguous. The proximity of skin receptors adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect ...
Fundamentals of the Nervous System, Part 2
... with several neurons in the pool – Discharge zone—neurons most closely associated with the incoming fiber – Facilitated zone—neurons farther away from incoming fiber ...
... with several neurons in the pool – Discharge zone—neurons most closely associated with the incoming fiber – Facilitated zone—neurons farther away from incoming fiber ...
Ultrastructural Characterization of Gerbil Olivocochlear Neurons
... have shown similar patterns of distribution of labeled cells in the gerbil superior olivary complex (Helfert and Schwartz, 1987). The distribution of OC neurons in the gerbil LSO parallels that of both the small neurons and class 5 neurons (Helfert and Schwartz, 1987), i.e., the LSO-related OC neuro ...
... have shown similar patterns of distribution of labeled cells in the gerbil superior olivary complex (Helfert and Schwartz, 1987). The distribution of OC neurons in the gerbil LSO parallels that of both the small neurons and class 5 neurons (Helfert and Schwartz, 1987), i.e., the LSO-related OC neuro ...
Neurologic System The nervous system Central and peripheral
... Primary role is influencing, directing, and modifying spinal reflex arcs and circuits Can affect movement only through the lower motor neurons Injury results in initial paralysis followed by partial recovery over an extended period Spinal Cord and Spinal Tracts (Cont.) Lower motor neurons Cranial an ...
... Primary role is influencing, directing, and modifying spinal reflex arcs and circuits Can affect movement only through the lower motor neurons Injury results in initial paralysis followed by partial recovery over an extended period Spinal Cord and Spinal Tracts (Cont.) Lower motor neurons Cranial an ...
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... However, the brain pays more attention to some stimuli—such as those that signal rewards or warn of potential threats—than to others. These stimuli receive extra attention because they activate a structure deep within the brain called the amygdala. The amygdala, which is named after the Greek word f ...
... However, the brain pays more attention to some stimuli—such as those that signal rewards or warn of potential threats—than to others. These stimuli receive extra attention because they activate a structure deep within the brain called the amygdala. The amygdala, which is named after the Greek word f ...
Frontal Eye Field Neurons Reflect Covert, Serial Shifts of Attention
... two attentional shifts to the target (third row) was more dispersed in time. In addition, there were relatively few trials with three attentional shifts: as shifts in attention are cumulative 3 shifts only occurred on ~50% of trials (i.e. all trials have at least one shift and a trial with 3 shifts ...
... two attentional shifts to the target (third row) was more dispersed in time. In addition, there were relatively few trials with three attentional shifts: as shifts in attention are cumulative 3 shifts only occurred on ~50% of trials (i.e. all trials have at least one shift and a trial with 3 shifts ...
The effect of lithium on the adrenoceptor
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
(2012) Prediction of economic choice by primate amygdala neurons
... predict upcoming left or right eye movements, and it was independent of visual cue position or reaction time (Fig. 2 D, G, and H). Taken together, the neuron’s response predicted the behavioral choice to save or spend irrespective of value, action, and other measured choice parameters. Of 846 task-r ...
... predict upcoming left or right eye movements, and it was independent of visual cue position or reaction time (Fig. 2 D, G, and H). Taken together, the neuron’s response predicted the behavioral choice to save or spend irrespective of value, action, and other measured choice parameters. Of 846 task-r ...
Information About Spatial View in an Ensemble of Primate
... visual cortex (Rolls et al. 1997c) and the orbitofrontal olfactory cortex (Rolls et al. 1996). Of particular interest also was how the information increases as more cells are added to the ensemble. An attractive property of distributed encoding is that the information available from an ensemble can ...
... visual cortex (Rolls et al. 1997c) and the orbitofrontal olfactory cortex (Rolls et al. 1996). Of particular interest also was how the information increases as more cells are added to the ensemble. An attractive property of distributed encoding is that the information available from an ensemble can ...
Auditory Hallucinations as a Separate Entitity
... behavioral experiments have demonstrated that both the auditory thalamus and the area surrounding including the AAr are involved in auditory orienting behavior2. These behaviors are mediated, in part, by efferent projections of this area to midbrain and brain stem structures that are known to be inv ...
... behavioral experiments have demonstrated that both the auditory thalamus and the area surrounding including the AAr are involved in auditory orienting behavior2. These behaviors are mediated, in part, by efferent projections of this area to midbrain and brain stem structures that are known to be inv ...