Anorexia nervosa during adolescence and young adulthood
... Anorexia nervosa is situated at the junction between two developmental periods: adolescence, where intense physiological and psychological upheavals are occurring over a relatively short period of time, and the potentially chronic nature of the disease over the course of the patient’s lifespan. This ...
... Anorexia nervosa is situated at the junction between two developmental periods: adolescence, where intense physiological and psychological upheavals are occurring over a relatively short period of time, and the potentially chronic nature of the disease over the course of the patient’s lifespan. This ...
Chapter 2: Biological Bases of Behavior MULTIPLE CHOICE 1
... b. Charles’ cognitive function will deteriorate, but his personality should not dramatically change. c. Charles will have to take medication for many months, but it is possible to cure his disease. d. The course of Alzheimer’s is difficult to describe. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's: Understand REF: 2.1 ...
... b. Charles’ cognitive function will deteriorate, but his personality should not dramatically change. c. Charles will have to take medication for many months, but it is possible to cure his disease. d. The course of Alzheimer’s is difficult to describe. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's: Understand REF: 2.1 ...
Full text article
... system to translate environmental cues KiSS1 is also involved in the metabolic control of the reproductive function; the expression of the hypothalamic gene KiSS1 is negatively regulated under conditions of negative energy balance, and administration of kisspeptin is capable of reversing the hypogon ...
... system to translate environmental cues KiSS1 is also involved in the metabolic control of the reproductive function; the expression of the hypothalamic gene KiSS1 is negatively regulated under conditions of negative energy balance, and administration of kisspeptin is capable of reversing the hypogon ...
Dysregulation of Arousal and Amygdala
... skin conductance responses made it feasible to extract concurrent brain and arousal responses to individual face stimuli. To examine fMRI BOLD responses in relation to skin conductance responses, we first formed two subsets of fear stimuli for each subject, referred to as “with-arousal” and “without ...
... skin conductance responses made it feasible to extract concurrent brain and arousal responses to individual face stimuli. To examine fMRI BOLD responses in relation to skin conductance responses, we first formed two subsets of fear stimuli for each subject, referred to as “with-arousal” and “without ...
Neuronal subtype specification in the cerebral cortex
... serving as a migratory scaffolding6,23. More recently, several studies have provided direct evidence that at least some radial glia also function as progenitors that make major contributions to cortical neurogenesis22,33–38 by generating pyramidal neurons either directly through mitoses at the apica ...
... serving as a migratory scaffolding6,23. More recently, several studies have provided direct evidence that at least some radial glia also function as progenitors that make major contributions to cortical neurogenesis22,33–38 by generating pyramidal neurons either directly through mitoses at the apica ...
Critical Time Window of Neuronal Cholesterol Synthesis during
... For quantification of neurite lengths or of synaptic puncta, the NIH ImageJ software was used. Neurites were traced using images with IIITubulin immunolabeling. Synaptic puncta were counted using binarized images of synaptophysin immunolabeling. Only those synaptophysinpositive puncta that were app ...
... For quantification of neurite lengths or of synaptic puncta, the NIH ImageJ software was used. Neurites were traced using images with IIITubulin immunolabeling. Synaptic puncta were counted using binarized images of synaptophysin immunolabeling. Only those synaptophysinpositive puncta that were app ...
Unit 7 Nervous System - Lemon Bay High School
... Mostly seen in the elderly, but may begin in middle age Structural changes in the brain include abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers within neurons Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion, and ultimately, hallucinations and death ...
... Mostly seen in the elderly, but may begin in middle age Structural changes in the brain include abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers within neurons Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion, and ultimately, hallucinations and death ...
PDF
... that human NSCs grafts in the spinal cord of SOD1 G93A rats and mice as well as in nontransgenic rodents with or without experimental lesions differentiate extensively into neurons. In SOD1 G93A rodents, these NSCs grafts protect motor neurons from degeneration, delay disease onset, and prolong life ...
... that human NSCs grafts in the spinal cord of SOD1 G93A rats and mice as well as in nontransgenic rodents with or without experimental lesions differentiate extensively into neurons. In SOD1 G93A rodents, these NSCs grafts protect motor neurons from degeneration, delay disease onset, and prolong life ...
Reinforcement Learning Using a Continuous Time Actor
... governed by the agent’s action a(t)[R2 , according to ...
... governed by the agent’s action a(t)[R2 , according to ...
Experiencing Sensation and Perception
... Finding the noiciceptor [to glossary], the receptor for pain, has proved particularly difficult over the years. In fact at time it has been proposed that there are not particular receptors that respond to pain ...
... Finding the noiciceptor [to glossary], the receptor for pain, has proved particularly difficult over the years. In fact at time it has been proposed that there are not particular receptors that respond to pain ...
Properties of Primary Sensory (Lemniscal) Synapses in the
... medial lemniscus produced a very short-latency (⬃1 ms), fast-rising EPSP that peaked at ⬃2 ms. When the EPSP reaches firing threshold it produces an action potential at a latency of ⬃2 ms (Fig. 1B). Thus lemniscal synapses are extremely fast (Sabatini and Regehr 1999). Corticothalamic synapses forme ...
... medial lemniscus produced a very short-latency (⬃1 ms), fast-rising EPSP that peaked at ⬃2 ms. When the EPSP reaches firing threshold it produces an action potential at a latency of ⬃2 ms (Fig. 1B). Thus lemniscal synapses are extremely fast (Sabatini and Regehr 1999). Corticothalamic synapses forme ...
Aberrant changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in brain of a
... reactions as template were directly added in amplified mixture and incubated in PCR thermocycler for 30 cycles. Each PCR reaction consisted of the following: 3 µl of the cDNA product, 2 µl of dNTP, 1µl of each primer, 2.5 µl of PCR Buffer, 0.3 µl of Takara Ex Taq Enzyme and sterilized distilled wate ...
... reactions as template were directly added in amplified mixture and incubated in PCR thermocycler for 30 cycles. Each PCR reaction consisted of the following: 3 µl of the cDNA product, 2 µl of dNTP, 1µl of each primer, 2.5 µl of PCR Buffer, 0.3 µl of Takara Ex Taq Enzyme and sterilized distilled wate ...
Control and Coordination
... Some pain medicines slow down this communication so much that they stop pain stimuli from reaching the brain. A drug that slows down the communication between neurons is called a depressant. Some people avoid drinking beverages that contain caffeine in the evening because it keeps them awake. Caffei ...
... Some pain medicines slow down this communication so much that they stop pain stimuli from reaching the brain. A drug that slows down the communication between neurons is called a depressant. Some people avoid drinking beverages that contain caffeine in the evening because it keeps them awake. Caffei ...
Vestibular System: The Many Facets of a
... well suited for linking systems and cellular levels of analyses. A unique feature of the vestibular system is that many second-order sensory neurons in the brain stem are also premotor neurons; the same neurons that receive afferent inputs send direct projections to motoneurons. An advantage of this ...
... well suited for linking systems and cellular levels of analyses. A unique feature of the vestibular system is that many second-order sensory neurons in the brain stem are also premotor neurons; the same neurons that receive afferent inputs send direct projections to motoneurons. An advantage of this ...
9 The Hazards of Claiming to Have Solved the Hard Problem of Free
... of when the neural processes that give rise to the action begin. Libet and colleagues found that what they identified to be the volitional impulse to begin the action occurred around 350 ms after the readiness potential had begun. Without temporal primacy, it is very difficult to attribute causation ...
... of when the neural processes that give rise to the action begin. Libet and colleagues found that what they identified to be the volitional impulse to begin the action occurred around 350 ms after the readiness potential had begun. Without temporal primacy, it is very difficult to attribute causation ...
Neural mechanisms of the cognitive model of depression
... In the following sections, we review recent discoveries regarding the functional and structural neurobiological architecture associated with depression, and then present these findings in the context of the cognitive model. Integrating neurobiological data within a cognitive framework will allow for ...
... In the following sections, we review recent discoveries regarding the functional and structural neurobiological architecture associated with depression, and then present these findings in the context of the cognitive model. Integrating neurobiological data within a cognitive framework will allow for ...
Orexin (Hypocretin)-Like Immunoreactivity in the Cat Hypothalamus
... which contained many small, clear, round vesicles with a few large, dense core vesicles, made asymmetrical synaptic contacts with OrA-ir dendrites, indicating that the activity of orexin neurons is under excitatory control. On the other hand, the terminals of OrA-ir neurons also made asymmetrical sy ...
... which contained many small, clear, round vesicles with a few large, dense core vesicles, made asymmetrical synaptic contacts with OrA-ir dendrites, indicating that the activity of orexin neurons is under excitatory control. On the other hand, the terminals of OrA-ir neurons also made asymmetrical sy ...
IBRO 2008
... cell types and their contribution to the organism. In the cortical network, accurately timed and located GABA release co-operates with the information-carrying glutamatergic inputs to govern the spike timing of pyramidal cells responsible for representations (refs 1,2). Space and time in the network ...
... cell types and their contribution to the organism. In the cortical network, accurately timed and located GABA release co-operates with the information-carrying glutamatergic inputs to govern the spike timing of pyramidal cells responsible for representations (refs 1,2). Space and time in the network ...
Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity Requirements to
... stimulus-pair representations form. Here we investigate how cells responsive to specific conjunctions of stimuli form, by examining what synaptic plasticity rules can generate stimulus-pair specificity within a randomly connected network of spiking neurons and compare with the likelihood of their in ...
... stimulus-pair representations form. Here we investigate how cells responsive to specific conjunctions of stimuli form, by examining what synaptic plasticity rules can generate stimulus-pair specificity within a randomly connected network of spiking neurons and compare with the likelihood of their in ...
Cranial Nerves
... There are twelve cranial nerves. They are all named with a name, which tells a nerve’s function, and a Roman numeral, which tells which nerve it is. The first is Cranial Nerve I, which is the olfactory nerve. If you know what olfactory is, this one will be easy to remember. Olfactory has to do with ...
... There are twelve cranial nerves. They are all named with a name, which tells a nerve’s function, and a Roman numeral, which tells which nerve it is. The first is Cranial Nerve I, which is the olfactory nerve. If you know what olfactory is, this one will be easy to remember. Olfactory has to do with ...
Likelihood approaches to sensory coding in auditory cortex
... There is no true solution of the receptive field function for a particular neuron, given a finite input set consisting of measured response latencies together with their corresponding soundsource directions and intensity levels. A bootstrap of the receptive field function was used to investigate the ...
... There is no true solution of the receptive field function for a particular neuron, given a finite input set consisting of measured response latencies together with their corresponding soundsource directions and intensity levels. A bootstrap of the receptive field function was used to investigate the ...
Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neurons Target Non
... containing ChR2–tdtomato (AAV2/1 CAG::ChR2.tdtomato, a kind gift from Karel Svoboda) was bilaterally injected (1 l in each side) using a Hamilton syringe stereotaxically placed into the NAc shell (anteroposterior, ⫹1.5 mm from bregma; mediolateral, ⫾0.8 mm from bregma; ventral, ⫺6.7 mm from skull s ...
... containing ChR2–tdtomato (AAV2/1 CAG::ChR2.tdtomato, a kind gift from Karel Svoboda) was bilaterally injected (1 l in each side) using a Hamilton syringe stereotaxically placed into the NAc shell (anteroposterior, ⫹1.5 mm from bregma; mediolateral, ⫾0.8 mm from bregma; ventral, ⫺6.7 mm from skull s ...
Sequential Development of Electrical and Chemical Synaptic
... Neuronal circuits form during embryonic life, even before synapses are completely mature. Developmental changes can be quantitative (e.g., connections become stronger and more reliable) or qualitative (e.g., synapses form, are lost, or switch from electrical to chemical or from excitatory to inhibit ...
... Neuronal circuits form during embryonic life, even before synapses are completely mature. Developmental changes can be quantitative (e.g., connections become stronger and more reliable) or qualitative (e.g., synapses form, are lost, or switch from electrical to chemical or from excitatory to inhibit ...
the resonate-and-fire neuron: time dependent and frequency
... C.3 Phase portrait and state trajectory for two dimensional system . . . . ...
... C.3 Phase portrait and state trajectory for two dimensional system . . . . ...
Neural Global Pattern Similarity Underlies True and False Memories
... similarity [ER-nGPS]). In partial support of this hypothesis, emerging studies found that the similarity between the neural activation pattern of a studied item during encoding to that of all other studied items (i.e., nGPS), was predictive of subsequent memory (LaRocque et al., 2013; Davis et al., ...
... similarity [ER-nGPS]). In partial support of this hypothesis, emerging studies found that the similarity between the neural activation pattern of a studied item during encoding to that of all other studied items (i.e., nGPS), was predictive of subsequent memory (LaRocque et al., 2013; Davis et al., ...