Neural Global Pattern Similarity Underlies True and False Memories
... similarity [ER-nGPS]). In partial support of this hypothesis, emerging studies found that the similarity between the neural activation pattern of a studied item during encoding to that of all other studied items (i.e., nGPS), was predictive of subsequent memory (LaRocque et al., 2013; Davis et al., ...
... similarity [ER-nGPS]). In partial support of this hypothesis, emerging studies found that the similarity between the neural activation pattern of a studied item during encoding to that of all other studied items (i.e., nGPS), was predictive of subsequent memory (LaRocque et al., 2013; Davis et al., ...
Cocaine - World of Teaching
... nervous system, including an increased chance of heart attack, stroke, and convulsions, combined with a higher likelihood of brain seizures, respiratory failures, and, ultimately, death overdose of cocaine raises blood pressure to unsafe heights resulting in permanent brain damage ...
... nervous system, including an increased chance of heart attack, stroke, and convulsions, combined with a higher likelihood of brain seizures, respiratory failures, and, ultimately, death overdose of cocaine raises blood pressure to unsafe heights resulting in permanent brain damage ...
Visuomotor Functions in the Frontal Lobe
... the diverse contributions to vision made by the frontal cortex have become evident. Many neurons in the frontal cortex respond to visual stimuli, but the responses signal less about features than they do about context, value, and plan. Other neurons contribute to gaze shifts—both rapid and pursuit, ...
... the diverse contributions to vision made by the frontal cortex have become evident. Many neurons in the frontal cortex respond to visual stimuli, but the responses signal less about features than they do about context, value, and plan. Other neurons contribute to gaze shifts—both rapid and pursuit, ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... breathing movements. The animal’s temperature was maintained at 37 { 0.57C with a feedback-controlled heating pad. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were fabricated from 000 stainless steel insect pins, insulated except for within 0.5 mm of the tips, separated by 0.7 mm. Burr holes were drilled above s ...
... breathing movements. The animal’s temperature was maintained at 37 { 0.57C with a feedback-controlled heating pad. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were fabricated from 000 stainless steel insect pins, insulated except for within 0.5 mm of the tips, separated by 0.7 mm. Burr holes were drilled above s ...
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... Johnston’s organ (JO), located on the pedicel of antennae of several insect species, is specialized for detecting airborne vibrations. This mechanosensory organ is a stretch receptor (chordotonal organ) for detecting distortion on the base of the flagella [9]. Recently, molecular biological methods ...
... Johnston’s organ (JO), located on the pedicel of antennae of several insect species, is specialized for detecting airborne vibrations. This mechanosensory organ is a stretch receptor (chordotonal organ) for detecting distortion on the base of the flagella [9]. Recently, molecular biological methods ...
Scientific Basis of Pain
... Pain Perception • Perception of and reaction to pain are influenced by social and environmental cues, as well as by cultural norms and personal experience • Both cortical and limbic systems are involved in conscious awareness (perception) of pain • Recognition of location, intensity, and quality of ...
... Pain Perception • Perception of and reaction to pain are influenced by social and environmental cues, as well as by cultural norms and personal experience • Both cortical and limbic systems are involved in conscious awareness (perception) of pain • Recognition of location, intensity, and quality of ...
Predictive Coding: A Possible Explanation of Filling
... blind spot, filling-in also occurs in other visual input deficit conditions, e.g. filling-in at the artificial and natural retinal scotoma [2, 3]. In addition to the deficit of input, filling-in also occurs in visual illusions such as Neon color spreading, Craik-O’Brien-Cornsweet illusion, Kanizsa s ...
... blind spot, filling-in also occurs in other visual input deficit conditions, e.g. filling-in at the artificial and natural retinal scotoma [2, 3]. In addition to the deficit of input, filling-in also occurs in visual illusions such as Neon color spreading, Craik-O’Brien-Cornsweet illusion, Kanizsa s ...
Electrophysiological and Pharmacological Evidence for the Role of
... Figure 1. Extracellular recordings of neuronal activity from the NAS of a rat during self-administration trials using chronically implanted microwires. A, Photographic image of oscilloscope traces of an extracellularly recorded action potential. B, Two NAS neurons whose spike activity was recorded f ...
... Figure 1. Extracellular recordings of neuronal activity from the NAS of a rat during self-administration trials using chronically implanted microwires. A, Photographic image of oscilloscope traces of an extracellularly recorded action potential. B, Two NAS neurons whose spike activity was recorded f ...
Columbia`s psychology
... These symptoms are not observed during normal fear conditioning, suggesting that PTSD involves either different or more profound emotional dysregulation than other anxiety disorders. Direct comparisons of functional abnormalities between disorders within the context of a single study are, however, r ...
... These symptoms are not observed during normal fear conditioning, suggesting that PTSD involves either different or more profound emotional dysregulation than other anxiety disorders. Direct comparisons of functional abnormalities between disorders within the context of a single study are, however, r ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... breathing movements. The animal’s temperature was maintained at 37 { 0.57C with a feedback-controlled heating pad. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were fabricated from 000 stainless steel insect pins, insulated except for within 0.5 mm of the tips, separated by 0.7 mm. Burr holes were drilled above s ...
... breathing movements. The animal’s temperature was maintained at 37 { 0.57C with a feedback-controlled heating pad. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were fabricated from 000 stainless steel insect pins, insulated except for within 0.5 mm of the tips, separated by 0.7 mm. Burr holes were drilled above s ...
Mental Imagery in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
... SCI, which involves damage to the central nervous system (CNS), is followed by structural and functional reorganization, which often leads to recovery of sensory- motor functions. This concept of neural plasticity has been studied through various methods by different researchers over the years. The ...
... SCI, which involves damage to the central nervous system (CNS), is followed by structural and functional reorganization, which often leads to recovery of sensory- motor functions. This concept of neural plasticity has been studied through various methods by different researchers over the years. The ...
Molecular mechanisms of floor plate formation and neural patterning
... spinal cord and optic nerves and the peripheral nervous system that branches off from the central nervous system. Together, the nervous system is composed of billions of neurons and glia cells, which form a complex network of axonal connections. During early embryonic development these neurons and g ...
... spinal cord and optic nerves and the peripheral nervous system that branches off from the central nervous system. Together, the nervous system is composed of billions of neurons and glia cells, which form a complex network of axonal connections. During early embryonic development these neurons and g ...
MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... could be arranged in a developmental sequence leading along the way to a manipulationdriven representation of objects, to the perception/interpretation of manipulative actions, and to perceiving our own body. The same analysis could be used to explain why we observe certain developmental patterns or ...
... could be arranged in a developmental sequence leading along the way to a manipulationdriven representation of objects, to the perception/interpretation of manipulative actions, and to perceiving our own body. The same analysis could be used to explain why we observe certain developmental patterns or ...
Ventromedial frontal cortex mediates affective shifting in
... manage ®nances. Total scores can range from 7 (dependent in all domains) to 21 (fully independent). Although this scale asks about very concrete day-to-day activities, patients with frontal damage may lack insight into their de®cits. In order to corroborate the results of this functional self-assess ...
... manage ®nances. Total scores can range from 7 (dependent in all domains) to 21 (fully independent). Although this scale asks about very concrete day-to-day activities, patients with frontal damage may lack insight into their de®cits. In order to corroborate the results of this functional self-assess ...
Branching Thalamic Afferents Link Action and Perception
... Essentially all areas of the neocortex receive afferents from the thalamus. For some cortical areas, such as primary visual or somatosensory areas (V1, S1), this thalamic input is seen to dominate the functional properties of the cortical cells. These thalamocortical afferents pass to the cortex the ...
... Essentially all areas of the neocortex receive afferents from the thalamus. For some cortical areas, such as primary visual or somatosensory areas (V1, S1), this thalamic input is seen to dominate the functional properties of the cortical cells. These thalamocortical afferents pass to the cortex the ...
Looking for the roots of cortical sensory computation in three
... selectivity to high-order spatiotemporal correlations in the visual field. It could be that DCx neurons are selective to high-order correlations, and process spatiotemporal sequences of distributed visual cues in a manner similar to how PCx processes spatio-temporal activation of specific glomeruli. ...
... selectivity to high-order spatiotemporal correlations in the visual field. It could be that DCx neurons are selective to high-order correlations, and process spatiotemporal sequences of distributed visual cues in a manner similar to how PCx processes spatio-temporal activation of specific glomeruli. ...
From neuroanatomy to behavior: central integration of peripheral
... the identification of peripheral and central factors that influence neural circuits regulating metabolism. This Review highlights contributions to our understanding of peripheral and central factors regulating food intake and energy expenditure. The French physiologist Claude Bernard is often credit ...
... the identification of peripheral and central factors that influence neural circuits regulating metabolism. This Review highlights contributions to our understanding of peripheral and central factors regulating food intake and energy expenditure. The French physiologist Claude Bernard is often credit ...
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... later. Indeed, many of our actions have long-term consequences, and it is important to not be myopic in balancing the pros and cons of different options, but rather to take into account both immediate and delayed consequences of actions. Failures to do so may be manifest as persistent, maladaptive d ...
... later. Indeed, many of our actions have long-term consequences, and it is important to not be myopic in balancing the pros and cons of different options, but rather to take into account both immediate and delayed consequences of actions. Failures to do so may be manifest as persistent, maladaptive d ...
a review with emphasis on the projections of specific thalamic nuclei
... * * The following definitions of the word ‘primary’ are offered in the hope that they will alleviate some of the confusion which has resulted from the various ways in which the word ‘primary’ has been applied to describe specific regions of the cerebral cortex. In the context of studies of cortical ...
... * * The following definitions of the word ‘primary’ are offered in the hope that they will alleviate some of the confusion which has resulted from the various ways in which the word ‘primary’ has been applied to describe specific regions of the cerebral cortex. In the context of studies of cortical ...
V1 mechanisms underlying chromatic contrast detection
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
Large-Scale Functional Connectivity in Associative Learning
... for both groups, neural differences between groups reflected differences in the learned associative properties of the stimuli. Covariances of FDG uptake in the auditory system and extraauditory structures were examined using partial least squares. Three strong covariance or functional connectivity p ...
... for both groups, neural differences between groups reflected differences in the learned associative properties of the stimuli. Covariances of FDG uptake in the auditory system and extraauditory structures were examined using partial least squares. Three strong covariance or functional connectivity p ...
chapter 43 mechanisms of action of antiepileptic drugs
... AEDs, lacosamide does not inhibit high-frequency repetitive spike firing on the time scale of 100s of milliseconds. It does, however, inhibit spike firing in long trains of spikes on the time scale of 1 to 2 seconds. It has been proposed that the very slow action of lacosamide is due to an enhanceme ...
... AEDs, lacosamide does not inhibit high-frequency repetitive spike firing on the time scale of 100s of milliseconds. It does, however, inhibit spike firing in long trains of spikes on the time scale of 1 to 2 seconds. It has been proposed that the very slow action of lacosamide is due to an enhanceme ...
Neural Mechanisms of Addiction
... last for many years or even a lifetime. The importance of associative memory does not exclude a role for long-lived homeostatic adaptations in addiction and its persistence; for example, cocaine has been shown to induce chromatin remodeling (Kumar et al. 2005), a www.annualreviews.org • Neural Mecha ...
... last for many years or even a lifetime. The importance of associative memory does not exclude a role for long-lived homeostatic adaptations in addiction and its persistence; for example, cocaine has been shown to induce chromatin remodeling (Kumar et al. 2005), a www.annualreviews.org • Neural Mecha ...
Physiological Patterns in the Hippocampo
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...
... Layer II and layer III neurons provide entorhinal input to the hippocampus (Steward and Scoville, 1976; Witter and Groenewegen, 1984; Amaral and Witter, 1995; Dolorfo and Amaral, 1998a,b). Via these neurons, the product of neocortical associative processes is fed into the circuitry of the hippocampu ...