Long lnterfascicular Axon Growth from Embryonic Neurons
... series in Davies et al., 1993) lay farther back and laterally at the level of the hippocampal flexure. This transplant straddled the boundary between the fimbria and stria terminalis, with some donor cells in both tracts. The transplanted cells gave rise to two narrow beams of axons, one in the fimb ...
... series in Davies et al., 1993) lay farther back and laterally at the level of the hippocampal flexure. This transplant straddled the boundary between the fimbria and stria terminalis, with some donor cells in both tracts. The transplanted cells gave rise to two narrow beams of axons, one in the fimb ...
superior Medullary Velum
... interpeduncular fossa, cerebral peduncle, midbrain, cerebellar cortex, inferior colliculus, lingula and vermis is reported to be from the vermian artery originating from the posterior cerebral artery (25). We did not study the vascular anatomy and only fiber dissection and immunohistochemical analys ...
... interpeduncular fossa, cerebral peduncle, midbrain, cerebellar cortex, inferior colliculus, lingula and vermis is reported to be from the vermian artery originating from the posterior cerebral artery (25). We did not study the vascular anatomy and only fiber dissection and immunohistochemical analys ...
Neuronal Correlates of Sensorimotor Association in Stimulus
... 1989; Miller, Riehle, & Requin, 1992) that MI neurons may be classified according to the timing properties of their activity. "Sensorimotor" neurons in particular display two successive activity components, one stimulus related and the other movement related. These neurons therefore seemed to be goo ...
... 1989; Miller, Riehle, & Requin, 1992) that MI neurons may be classified according to the timing properties of their activity. "Sensorimotor" neurons in particular display two successive activity components, one stimulus related and the other movement related. These neurons therefore seemed to be goo ...
Some Fiber Projections to the Superior Colliculus in the Cat`
... Degenerated fibers were observed in all animals in the pretectum, though the number of degenerated fibers was considerably greater in those animals which had ventrally placed geniculate lesions. These degenerated fibers reached the pretectum by way of the medial aspect of the optic tract and the lat ...
... Degenerated fibers were observed in all animals in the pretectum, though the number of degenerated fibers was considerably greater in those animals which had ventrally placed geniculate lesions. These degenerated fibers reached the pretectum by way of the medial aspect of the optic tract and the lat ...
AP150 PATHWAYS ASSIGNMENT
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
OSBP coupled with ER-resident protein FAN is essential
... within which cholesterol molecules are embedded. The distribution of both phospholipids and cholesterol in cellular membranes is distinct and highly dynamic. Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed in the leaflets of many bilayer membranes, including the plasma membrane, the endosomal membrane, ...
... within which cholesterol molecules are embedded. The distribution of both phospholipids and cholesterol in cellular membranes is distinct and highly dynamic. Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed in the leaflets of many bilayer membranes, including the plasma membrane, the endosomal membrane, ...
ORGANIZATION OF NEUROPIL
... fourth and final division is the central neuropil, the neuron feltwork. In many cases it represents the major portion of the ganglion. The term neuropil, however, has beef, used in different ways by a number of authors, and is not a precisely defined concept (see Herrick, 1948; Dempsey and Luse, 195 ...
... fourth and final division is the central neuropil, the neuron feltwork. In many cases it represents the major portion of the ganglion. The term neuropil, however, has beef, used in different ways by a number of authors, and is not a precisely defined concept (see Herrick, 1948; Dempsey and Luse, 195 ...
Figure 1 - Journal of Neuroscience
... fluorescently labeled electrode track. D, Labeled track through the posterior right BIN in a different marmoset (18W) using a lateral electrode approach. E, A far anterior section of the right BIN from 18W also showing the SC, medial geniculate body (MGB), and the parabigeminal nucleus (PBG). The tr ...
... fluorescently labeled electrode track. D, Labeled track through the posterior right BIN in a different marmoset (18W) using a lateral electrode approach. E, A far anterior section of the right BIN from 18W also showing the SC, medial geniculate body (MGB), and the parabigeminal nucleus (PBG). The tr ...
Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells form functionally
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
the evolution of body and brain, and of sensory
... prosimians. Whereas the largest prosimians, like the ring-tailed lemur or the aye-aye, weigh no more than about 3 kg, the male long-tailed macaque may weigh up to 12 kg, the Hanuman langur 20 kg, the chacma baboon 30 kg, and the olive baboon and mandrill 37 kg (Burnie and Wilson, 2001). New World mo ...
... prosimians. Whereas the largest prosimians, like the ring-tailed lemur or the aye-aye, weigh no more than about 3 kg, the male long-tailed macaque may weigh up to 12 kg, the Hanuman langur 20 kg, the chacma baboon 30 kg, and the olive baboon and mandrill 37 kg (Burnie and Wilson, 2001). New World mo ...
2011-Morrison and Nakamura_review
... which cutaneous and visceral cold and warm sensation and/or reductions or elevations in brain temperature elicit changes in thermoregulatory effector tissues to counter or protect against changes in the temperature of the brain and other critical organ tissues. The effector mechanisms for cold defen ...
... which cutaneous and visceral cold and warm sensation and/or reductions or elevations in brain temperature elicit changes in thermoregulatory effector tissues to counter or protect against changes in the temperature of the brain and other critical organ tissues. The effector mechanisms for cold defen ...
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external
... are in green. Brainstem premotor nuclei and midbrain nuclei, which use a variety of neurotransmitters, are shaded gray. The major afferents to the basal ganglia are from the cortex and thalamus and are directed to both the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The striatum influences the basal ...
... are in green. Brainstem premotor nuclei and midbrain nuclei, which use a variety of neurotransmitters, are shaded gray. The major afferents to the basal ganglia are from the cortex and thalamus and are directed to both the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The striatum influences the basal ...
Appetitive associative learning recruits a distinct
... basolateral amygdalar nucleus, anterior part; CP, caudoputamen; CS, conditioned stimulus; *DLS, dorsolateral striatum; DMH, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; *DMS, dorsomedial striatum; ILA, infralimbic area; IR, immunoreactive; KPBS, potassium phosphate-buffered saline; LHA, lateral hypothalamic are ...
... basolateral amygdalar nucleus, anterior part; CP, caudoputamen; CS, conditioned stimulus; *DLS, dorsolateral striatum; DMH, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; *DMS, dorsomedial striatum; ILA, infralimbic area; IR, immunoreactive; KPBS, potassium phosphate-buffered saline; LHA, lateral hypothalamic are ...
Parallel basal ganglia circuits for voluntary and
... However, animals and humans with basal ganglia dysfunctions show deficits that may not simply be classified as movement disorders. For example, animals with large lesions in the striatum may ignore a moving object or obsessively follow it (Denny-Brown, 1962). Patients with Parkinson’s disease may have ...
... However, animals and humans with basal ganglia dysfunctions show deficits that may not simply be classified as movement disorders. For example, animals with large lesions in the striatum may ignore a moving object or obsessively follow it (Denny-Brown, 1962). Patients with Parkinson’s disease may have ...
Sample
... Briefly describe the meaning of the HPG axis. Answer: The letters H-P-G stand for hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads which work together to form a feedback system that monitors levels of hormones in the body and attempts to keep them at a consistent level. The hypothalamus monitors levels of ...
... Briefly describe the meaning of the HPG axis. Answer: The letters H-P-G stand for hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads which work together to form a feedback system that monitors levels of hormones in the body and attempts to keep them at a consistent level. The hypothalamus monitors levels of ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
Dopamine neurons projecting to the posterior striatum form an
... As previously reported, we found that dopamine neurons with distinct projection targets reside in different, but overlapping, areas of the midbrain (Figure 3; Figure 3-figure supplement 1; Figure 3-figure supplement 2; Figure 3-figure supplement 3) (Bjorklund and Dunnett, 2007; Haber, 2014; Lammel e ...
... As previously reported, we found that dopamine neurons with distinct projection targets reside in different, but overlapping, areas of the midbrain (Figure 3; Figure 3-figure supplement 1; Figure 3-figure supplement 2; Figure 3-figure supplement 3) (Bjorklund and Dunnett, 2007; Haber, 2014; Lammel e ...
Projections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomolgus
... concentrations of these labelled cells occurred in the medial nucleus and in the medial portion of the central nucleus. The remaining amygdaloid nuclei contained only a handful of labelled cells, with an occasional cell being present in each amygdaloid nucleus (Fig. 4). A similar anterior thalamic i ...
... concentrations of these labelled cells occurred in the medial nucleus and in the medial portion of the central nucleus. The remaining amygdaloid nuclei contained only a handful of labelled cells, with an occasional cell being present in each amygdaloid nucleus (Fig. 4). A similar anterior thalamic i ...
Leptin: A metabolic signal affecting central regulation of
... Intracerebroventricular administration of leptin failed to stimulated LH secretion in the intact prepubertal gilt [19], but did suppress feed intake [25]. However, leptin administration occurred during the period of heighten negative feedback action of estradiol on LH secretion [2], thereby blocking ...
... Intracerebroventricular administration of leptin failed to stimulated LH secretion in the intact prepubertal gilt [19], but did suppress feed intake [25]. However, leptin administration occurred during the period of heighten negative feedback action of estradiol on LH secretion [2], thereby blocking ...
PDF Document
... ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlength of axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Outside of the spinal cord and brain, the er types of therapeutic genes are under immune ...
... ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlength of axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Outside of the spinal cord and brain, the er types of therapeutic genes are under immune ...
Genetic Analysis of Brain Circuits Underlying Pheromone Signaling
... mitral cells. Decades of investigation have pointed to sharp contrasts in the functional characteristics of the two olfactory structures and associated neural pathways (23, 24). Classical retrograde and anterograde tracing studies have evidenced the distinct central networks forming the vomeronasal ...
... mitral cells. Decades of investigation have pointed to sharp contrasts in the functional characteristics of the two olfactory structures and associated neural pathways (23, 24). Classical retrograde and anterograde tracing studies have evidenced the distinct central networks forming the vomeronasal ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... 1985). A similar antidromic response latency of 20.9 ⫾ 1.5 msec was observed for BL neurons after stimulation of mPFC. As the electrode descended through CeM and then BL, there was an abrupt transition in the ability to antidromically activate cells, first from the brainstem and then from mPFC (Fig. ...
... 1985). A similar antidromic response latency of 20.9 ⫾ 1.5 msec was observed for BL neurons after stimulation of mPFC. As the electrode descended through CeM and then BL, there was an abrupt transition in the ability to antidromically activate cells, first from the brainstem and then from mPFC (Fig. ...
Altered Patterns of Dynorphin lmmunoreactivity Suggest
... junction of CA3 and CA2 (arrow). No specific staining is evident in the granule cell (G) layer or supragranular region of the molecular (M) layer. Scale bar, 500 pm. B, Within the polymorph layer, reaction product is concentrated in clumps (arrowheads) of punctate structures near the proximal portio ...
... junction of CA3 and CA2 (arrow). No specific staining is evident in the granule cell (G) layer or supragranular region of the molecular (M) layer. Scale bar, 500 pm. B, Within the polymorph layer, reaction product is concentrated in clumps (arrowheads) of punctate structures near the proximal portio ...