On the Biological Plausibility of Grandmother Cells
... On this view, psychological theory should only concern itself with a computational description in which one considers the goals and the strategies for carrying out mental processes. That is, according to Broadbent, findings from neuroscience do not (and never will) matter when developing theories in ...
... On this view, psychological theory should only concern itself with a computational description in which one considers the goals and the strategies for carrying out mental processes. That is, according to Broadbent, findings from neuroscience do not (and never will) matter when developing theories in ...
Chapter 9- Nervous System Lecture 9.1
... Multipolar neurons have many nerve fibers arising from their cell bodies and are commonly found in the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. ...
... Multipolar neurons have many nerve fibers arising from their cell bodies and are commonly found in the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. ...
projecting to oculomotor regions of the pons Activity of monkey
... millimeters above the surface of the superior colliculus. The topographic map of the superior colliculus was used as an aide in positioning the pontine electrode (Cynader and Berman 1972; Robinson 1972; Schiller and Stryker 1972). Electrode penetrations directed at the frontal eye field were made ei ...
... millimeters above the surface of the superior colliculus. The topographic map of the superior colliculus was used as an aide in positioning the pontine electrode (Cynader and Berman 1972; Robinson 1972; Schiller and Stryker 1972). Electrode penetrations directed at the frontal eye field were made ei ...
Chapter 9
... Multipolar neurons have many nerve fibers arising from their cell bodies and are commonly found in the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. ...
... Multipolar neurons have many nerve fibers arising from their cell bodies and are commonly found in the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) conduct impulses from peripheral receptors to the CNS and are usually unipolar, although some are bipolar neurons. ...
Chapter 122: Neurocircuitry Of Parkinson`s Disease
... gives rise to descending projections to pons, medulla, and spinal cord, and ascending projections to basal ganglia, thalamus, and basal forebrain (see ref. 144 for review). Although the overlap between motor and nonmotor areas is probably greater in the SNr than in GPi (127), the SNr can be broadly ...
... gives rise to descending projections to pons, medulla, and spinal cord, and ascending projections to basal ganglia, thalamus, and basal forebrain (see ref. 144 for review). Although the overlap between motor and nonmotor areas is probably greater in the SNr than in GPi (127), the SNr can be broadly ...
The basal ganglia and cortex implement optimal decision making
... precisely, we define Hi analogously to its definition for two alternatives (Gold & Shadlen, 2001; 2002), namely; Hi is the hypothesis that xi(t) come from independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) normal distributions with mean μ+ and standard deviation σ, while xj≠i(t) come from i.i.d. normal di ...
... precisely, we define Hi analogously to its definition for two alternatives (Gold & Shadlen, 2001; 2002), namely; Hi is the hypothesis that xi(t) come from independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) normal distributions with mean μ+ and standard deviation σ, while xj≠i(t) come from i.i.d. normal di ...
Electronic Realization of Human Brain`s Neo
... The objective of this thesis is a low-power, hardware implementation of columns of neurons in the human brain’s neo-cortex. The biological neo-cortex of the human brain consists of innumerable number of columns. Each column is made of six layers with millions of neurons in each layer. This implement ...
... The objective of this thesis is a low-power, hardware implementation of columns of neurons in the human brain’s neo-cortex. The biological neo-cortex of the human brain consists of innumerable number of columns. Each column is made of six layers with millions of neurons in each layer. This implement ...
Neuronal Activity and Ion Homeostasis in the Hypoxic Brain
... tissue close to the ischemic core, depleting the metabolic stores in the tissue in the penumbra, thereby increasing the infarct size. This more abstract model allows for mathematical analysis of the underlying dynamics. In such a model, however, the link with the physiology is lost and it is not cle ...
... tissue close to the ischemic core, depleting the metabolic stores in the tissue in the penumbra, thereby increasing the infarct size. This more abstract model allows for mathematical analysis of the underlying dynamics. In such a model, however, the link with the physiology is lost and it is not cle ...
Differential Temporal Storage Capacity in the Baseline Activity of
... of activity in visuomotor areas is thought to reflect the temporal integration of sensory input (Huk and Shadlen 2005; Roitman and Shadlen 2002; Shadlen and Newsome 2001). Although previous studies have emphasized the area dependence of persistent changes in task-related activity, these differences ...
... of activity in visuomotor areas is thought to reflect the temporal integration of sensory input (Huk and Shadlen 2005; Roitman and Shadlen 2002; Shadlen and Newsome 2001). Although previous studies have emphasized the area dependence of persistent changes in task-related activity, these differences ...
Cardiovascular depressor responses to stimulation of substantia
... withdrawal reflexes. Body temperature was monitored and maintained at 37 6 1.0°C by a heating pad controlled by a temperature controller (model 73; Yellow Springs Instruments). The animal was placed in a Kopf stereotaxic frame, and a hole was drilled through the parietal bone to expose the brain tis ...
... withdrawal reflexes. Body temperature was monitored and maintained at 37 6 1.0°C by a heating pad controlled by a temperature controller (model 73; Yellow Springs Instruments). The animal was placed in a Kopf stereotaxic frame, and a hole was drilled through the parietal bone to expose the brain tis ...
Axo-axonic synapses formed by somatostatin
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
the vagus nerve - European Medical Journal
... that a complex interplay exists between the nervous system and immune cells. The central nervous system (CNS) receives sensory information about the presence of inflammation and responds appropriately via two specific pathways: neuroendocrine and neural routes.101 Afferent arch of CAIP In light of a ...
... that a complex interplay exists between the nervous system and immune cells. The central nervous system (CNS) receives sensory information about the presence of inflammation and responds appropriately via two specific pathways: neuroendocrine and neural routes.101 Afferent arch of CAIP In light of a ...
Lateral Hypothalamus Contains Two Types of Palatability
... observed across a broad range of physiological conditions, stimulus delivery methods, and assessment techniques (Grill and Norgren, 1978; Travers and Norgren, 1986; Breslin et al., 1992; Galaverna et al., 1993; Stewart et al., 1994; Clarke and Ossenkopp, 1998; Dess, 2000; Fontanini and Katz, 2006; S ...
... observed across a broad range of physiological conditions, stimulus delivery methods, and assessment techniques (Grill and Norgren, 1978; Travers and Norgren, 1986; Breslin et al., 1992; Galaverna et al., 1993; Stewart et al., 1994; Clarke and Ossenkopp, 1998; Dess, 2000; Fontanini and Katz, 2006; S ...
The largest growth cones in the animal kingdom
... the isolated neuron can be checked electrophysiologically as well as visually in the intact ganglion prior to removal. The second primary difference between Aplysia cell culture techniques and those used for Lymnaea or Helisoma is the nature of the additives to the cell culture media to promote robu ...
... the isolated neuron can be checked electrophysiologically as well as visually in the intact ganglion prior to removal. The second primary difference between Aplysia cell culture techniques and those used for Lymnaea or Helisoma is the nature of the additives to the cell culture media to promote robu ...
The role of mirror neurons in cognition
... the macaque monkey that become active during both execution and observation of the same action. This straightforward property is what enabled these neurons to conquer the fields of cognitive science and become one of the most acclaimed discoveries from the turn of the century. Whether it was a resul ...
... the macaque monkey that become active during both execution and observation of the same action. This straightforward property is what enabled these neurons to conquer the fields of cognitive science and become one of the most acclaimed discoveries from the turn of the century. Whether it was a resul ...
Change of vanilloid receptor 1 expression in dorsal root ganglion
... increased, with a peak at days 7–14; the ratio of VR1-positive neurons per DRG at day 1 and day 14 after CFA injection reached 1.5-fold and 1.7-fold of the control level. There was a shift of VR1 expression from small to medium neurons (Fig. 3). Pre-injection and on day 1, the VR1-positive cells wer ...
... increased, with a peak at days 7–14; the ratio of VR1-positive neurons per DRG at day 1 and day 14 after CFA injection reached 1.5-fold and 1.7-fold of the control level. There was a shift of VR1 expression from small to medium neurons (Fig. 3). Pre-injection and on day 1, the VR1-positive cells wer ...
Caudo‐rostral brain spreading of α‐synuclein through vagal
... a-Synuclein accumulation and pathology in Parkinson’s disease typically display a caudo-rostral pattern of progression, involving neuronal nuclei in the medulla oblongata at the earliest stages. In this study, selective expression and accumulation of human a-synuclein within medullary neurons was ac ...
... a-Synuclein accumulation and pathology in Parkinson’s disease typically display a caudo-rostral pattern of progression, involving neuronal nuclei in the medulla oblongata at the earliest stages. In this study, selective expression and accumulation of human a-synuclein within medullary neurons was ac ...
Bilateral Non-Formation of Upper Trunk of the Brachial Plexus with a
... by the union of the anterior primary rami of the C5 – T1 roots. These roots join with each other to form three trunks viz the upper, the middle and the lower by the union of C5 – C6; the continuation of C7 and the union of the C8 and T1 respectively. These three trunks bifurcate into the anterior an ...
... by the union of the anterior primary rami of the C5 – T1 roots. These roots join with each other to form three trunks viz the upper, the middle and the lower by the union of C5 – C6; the continuation of C7 and the union of the C8 and T1 respectively. These three trunks bifurcate into the anterior an ...
Receptive Fields of Second-order Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb of
... by which the olfactory system encodes and processes information from odorant stimuli have been proposed (Moulton and Beidler, 1967; Beets, 1970; Davies, 1971; Shepherd, 1972; Moulton, 1976). Several of these theories assume the existence of a spatially organized projection of receptor neurons onto t ...
... by which the olfactory system encodes and processes information from odorant stimuli have been proposed (Moulton and Beidler, 1967; Beets, 1970; Davies, 1971; Shepherd, 1972; Moulton, 1976). Several of these theories assume the existence of a spatially organized projection of receptor neurons onto t ...
Intersegmental synchronization of spontaneous activity of dorsal
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
6 slides per sheet
... 1. Three germbands (layers), ectoderm (skin and neurons), mesoderm (muscle, blood and internal organs) and endoderm (lining of the gut). ...
... 1. Three germbands (layers), ectoderm (skin and neurons), mesoderm (muscle, blood and internal organs) and endoderm (lining of the gut). ...
The Switch of Subthalamic Neurons From an Irregular to a Bursting
... reinforced the spontaneous bursty pattern into a particularly marked one with instantaneous frequencies reaching 500–600 Hz. SWS–W transitions occurring during ongoing antagonist iontophoresis invariably disrupted the bursty pattern into a random one. Thus GABAA receptors play a critical, but not ex ...
... reinforced the spontaneous bursty pattern into a particularly marked one with instantaneous frequencies reaching 500–600 Hz. SWS–W transitions occurring during ongoing antagonist iontophoresis invariably disrupted the bursty pattern into a random one. Thus GABAA receptors play a critical, but not ex ...
Cell migration in the developing rodent olfactory system
... areas (visual, auditory, somatosensory), the motor cortex, and higher cortical areas. In contrast, the OC, which processes the sense of smell, is populated by excitatory ...
... areas (visual, auditory, somatosensory), the motor cortex, and higher cortical areas. In contrast, the OC, which processes the sense of smell, is populated by excitatory ...
Glia–Neuron Interactions in Nervous System Function
... sense, easier to define than glia. Although these cells come in myriad shapes and sizes, they share a number of basic properties. Neurons conduct fast currents and connect to other neurons, or to terminal cells (such as muscles or gland cells), by synapses or gap junctions. They also extend processe ...
... sense, easier to define than glia. Although these cells come in myriad shapes and sizes, they share a number of basic properties. Neurons conduct fast currents and connect to other neurons, or to terminal cells (such as muscles or gland cells), by synapses or gap junctions. They also extend processe ...
FREE Sample Here
... REF: Neurons: The Body’s Wiring OBJ: 3-Explain how an action potential is generated. TOP: MOD: 2.1 KEY: Evaluate/Explain MSC: conceptual 31. The process by which stimulation causes a neuron's sodium gate to open and allows positively charged molecules to enter, thereby lessening the negative charge ...
... REF: Neurons: The Body’s Wiring OBJ: 3-Explain how an action potential is generated. TOP: MOD: 2.1 KEY: Evaluate/Explain MSC: conceptual 31. The process by which stimulation causes a neuron's sodium gate to open and allows positively charged molecules to enter, thereby lessening the negative charge ...